Oracle Net8 Administrator's Guide
Release 8.0

A58230-01

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B
Configuration Parameters

A complete listing of all Net8 configuration parameters is provided for your reference. The following sections appear in this Appendix:

B.1 Syntax Rules for Configuration Files

The configuration files in a Net8 network consist of parameters which include keyword-value pairs. Keyword-value pairs are surrounded by parentheses:

parameter = (keyword=value)

Some keywords have other keyword-value pairs as their values:

(keyword=
    (keyword=value)
    (keyword=value)
)

For example, the address portion of a local naming configuration file (TNSNAMES.ORA) might include the following lines:

(ADDRESS=
    (PROTOCOL=tcp)
    (HOST=max)
    (PORT=1521) 
)

Set up configuration files so that indentation reflects what keyword is the "parent" or "owner" of other keyword-value pairs. This format is not required, but it does make the files much easier to read and understand.

Even if you do not choose to indent your files in this way, you must indent a wrapped line by at least one space, or it will be misread as a new parameter. The following layout is acceptable:

(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)
  (HOST=max.world)(PORT=1521))

The following layout is not acceptable:

(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)
(HOST=max.world)(PORT=1521))

B.1.1 Further Syntax Rules for Configuration Files

The following rules apply to the syntax of configuration files:

B.1.2 Network Character Set

The network character set for keyword values consists of the following characters. Connect descriptors must be made up of single-byte characters.

A-Z, a-z

0-9

( ) < > / \

, . : ; ' " = - _

$ + * # & ! % ? @

Within this character set, the following symbols are reserved:

( ) = \ " ' #

Reserved symbols are used as delimiters, not as part of a keyword or a value unless the keyword or value is quoted. Either single or double quotes can be used to enclose a value containing reserved symbols. To include a quote within a value that is surrounded by quotes, use different quote types. The backslash (\) is used as an escape character.

A specific example of the use of reserved symbols is a numeric DECnet object within an address. An OBJECT can be a name such as ABC or #123. These would be entered in the form:

(OBJECT=ABC)

or

(OBJECT=\#123)

Because the "#" sign is a reserved symbol, the character must be preceded by a backslash.

The following characters may be used within a connect descriptor, but not in a keyword or value:

<space> <tab> <CR> <newline>

B.1.3 Service Name Character Set

The listener name, service name, and Oracle Connection Manager names are limited to the following character set:

[a...z] [A...Z] [0...9] _

The first character must be an alphabetical character. The number of characters allowed is platform specific. In general, up to 64 characters is acceptable. A database service name must match the global database name defined by the database administrator, which consists of a database name (originally limited to eight characters), and the database domain. Service names and global database names are not case sensitive.

B.2 Profile Parameters (SQLNET.ORA)

The following parameters are available in a profile. Profiles are stored in a configuration file called SQLNET.ORA.

AUTOMATIC_IPC    

Purpose:  

Forces the session to use or not use IPC addresses on your node.  

Default Value:  

OFF

 

Available Values:  

  • ON - If an IPC address can be used, do so.
  • OFF - Do not use any IPC addresses to connect to
 

Example:  

automatic_ipc=off
 

BEQUEATH_DETACH  

Purpose:  

Turn on/off signal handling in Net8 on UNIX systems.  

Default Value:  

NO which leaves signal handling on.  

Available Values:  

  • YES - Turns off signal handling
  • NO - Leaves signal handling on
 

Example:  

bequeath_detach=yes
 

DAEMON.TRACE_DIRECTORY  

Purpose:  

Controls the destination directory of the Oracle Enterprise Manager daemon trace file.  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE_HOME/network/trace  

Example:  

daemon.trace_directory=/oracle/traces
 

DAEMON.TRACE_LEVEL  

Purpose:  

Turns tracing on/off to a certain specified level for the Oracle Enterprise Manager daemon.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Available Values  

  • OFF - No trace output
  • USER - User trace information
  • ADMIN - Administration trace information
  • SUPPORT - WorldWide Customer Support trace information
 

Example:  

daemon.trace_level=user
 

DAEMON.TRACE_MASK  

Purpose:  

Specifies that only the Oracle Enterprise Manager daemon trace entries are logged into the trace file.  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE_HOME/network/trace  

Example:  

daemon.trace_mask=(106)
 

DISABLE_OOB  

Purpose:  

Disables out of band breaks.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Usage Notes:  

Disable out of band breaks if the underlying transport protocol does not support the feature.  

Example:  

disable_oob=off
 

LOG_DIRECTORY_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Controls the directory for where the log file is written.  

Default Value:  

Current directory where executable is started from.  

Example:  

log_directory_client=/oracle/network/log
 

LOG_DIRECTORY_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Controls the directory for where the log file is written.  

Default Value:  

Current directory where executable is started from.  

Example:  

log_directory_server=/oracle/network/log
 

LOG_FILE_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Controls the log output filename for an Oracle client.  

Default Value:  

SQLNET.LOG  

Example:  

log_file_client=client
 

LOG_FILE_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Controls the log output filename for an Oracle server.  

Default Value:  

SQLNET.LOG  

Example:  

log_file_server=svr
 

NAMES.DCE.PREFIX  

Purpose:  

Specifies the DCE cell name (prefix) to use for name lookup.  

Default Value:  

/.:/subsys/oracle/names  

Example:  

names.dce.prefix=/.:/subsys/oracle/names
 

NAMES.DEFAULT_DOMAIN  

Purpose:  

Indicates the domain from which the client most often requests names. When this parameter is set, the default domain name will be automatically appended to any unqualified service name. Any name which contains an unescaped dot (`.') will not have the default domain appended. Simple names may be qualified with a trailing dot (for example, `rootserver.').  

Default Value:  

NULL  

Example:  

names.default_domain = <valid domain name>
 

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH  

Purpose:  

Indicates the order of the Names services, such as TNSNAMES or Oracle Names, that will be used for client name requests.  

Default Value:  

TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME  

Values  

  • TNSNAMES
  • ONAMES
  • HOSTNAME
  • DCE
  • NIS
  • NOVELL
 

Example:  

names.directory_path = (tnsnames, onames)
 

NAMES.INITIAL_RETRY_TIMEOUT  

Purpose:  

Determines how long a client will wait for a response from a Names Server before reiterating the request to the next server in the preferred servers list.  

Default Value:  

15 (Operating System Dependent)  

Minimum Value  

1  

Maximum Value  

600  

Example:  

names.initial_retry_timeout=20
 

NAMES.MAX_OPEN_CONNECTIONS  

Purpose:  

Determines how many connections an Oracle Names client may have open at one time.  

Default Value:  

10  

Minimum Value:  

3  

Maximum Value:  

64  

Example:  

names.max_open_connections=3
 

NAMES.MESSAGE_POOL_START_SIZE  

Purpose:  

Determines the initial number of messages allocated in the client's message pool which are used for forwarded message requests.  

Default Value:  

10  

Minimum Value:  

3  

Maximum Value:  

256  

Example:  

names.message_pool_start_size=10
 

NAMES.NDS.NAME_CONTEXT  

Purpose:  

Specifies the default NDS name context in which to look for the name to be resolved  

Default Value:  

operating system specific  

Example:  

names.nds.name_context=<nds name>
 

NAMES.NIS.META_MAP  

Purpose:  

Specifies the file to be used to map NIS attributes to an NIS mapname.  

Default Value:  

sqlnet.maps  

Example:  

names.nis.meta_map=sqlnet.maps
 

NAMES.PREFERRED_SERVERS  

Purpose:  

Indicates the name, addresses, and order of Names Servers that will be used for a client's name requests.  

Default Value:  

None  

Example:  

names.preferred_servers= (address list=
  (address=(protocol=ipc)(key=n23))
  (address=(protocol=tcp)(host-nineva)(key=1383))
  (address=(protocol=tcp)(host=cicada)(key=1575)))
 

NAMES.REQUEST_RETRIES  

Purpose:  

Specifies the number of times the client should try each server in the list of preferred servers before allowing the operation to fail.  

Default Value:  

1  

Minimum Value:  

1  

Maximum Value:  

5  

Example:  

names.request_retries=5
 

NAMESCTL.INTERNAL_ENCRYPT_PASSWORD  

Purpose:  

If set to TRUE, NAMESCTL will not encrypt the password when it is sent to the Names Server. This enables unencrypted passwords to be set in names.ora: names.server_password.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Values  

TRUE or FALE  

Example:  

namesctl.internal_encrypt_password = true
 

NAMESCTL.NO_INITIAL_SERVER  

Purpose:  

If set to TRUE, NAMESCTL suppresses any error messages when unable to connect to a default Names Server.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Values  

TRUE or FALSE  

Example:  

namesctl.no_initial_server = true
 

NAMESCTL.INTERNAL_USE  

Purpose  

If set to TRUE, NAMESCTL enables a set of internal undocumented commands. All internal commands are preceded by an underscore in order to distinguish them as internal.  

NAMESCTL.NOCONFIRM  

Purpose:  

Indicates whether sensitive commands (STOP, RELOAD, RSTART) should be prompted with a confirmation when running the NAMESCTL utility.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Values  

OFF or ON  

Example:  

namesctl.noconfirm = on
 

NAMESCTL.SERVER_PASSWORD  

Purpose:  

Indicates the value that matches configured password in the Names Server. This eliminates the need to type the password each time you use the NAMESCTL utility.  

Example:  

namesctl.server_password=secret
 

NAMESCTL.TRACE_LEVEL  

Purpose:  

Indicates the level at which the NAMESCTL program should be traced.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Values:  

OFF, USER, ADMIN, SUPPORT  

Example:  

namesctl.trace_level=admin
 

NAMESCTL.TRACE_FILE  

Purpose:  

Indicates the file in which the NAMESCTL trace output is placed.  

Default Value:  

namesctl_PID.trc  

Example:  

namesctl.trace_file=nmsctl
 

NAMESCTL.TRACE_DIRECTORY  

Purpose:  

Indicates the directory where trace output from the NAMESCTL utility is placed.  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE_HOME/network/trace  

Example:  

namesctl.trace_directory=/oracle/trace
 

NAMESCTL.TRACE_UNIQUE  

Purpose:  

Indicates whether a process identifier is appended to the name of each trace file generated, so that several can co-exist.  

Default Value:  

ON  

Values:  

OFF or ON  

Example:  

namesctl.trace_unique = on
 

OSS.SOURCE.MY_WALLET  

Purpose:  

Defines the method for retrieving and storing the credentials for this Net8 client.  

Example:  

oss.source.my_wallet = (source=
 (method=oracle) 
 (method_data=/oss/wallet))
 

OSS.SOURCE.LOCATION  

Purpose:  

Defines the method for retrieving encrypted private keys.  

Example:  

oss.source.location= 
(source= 
 (method=oracle) 
 (method_data=
    (sqlnet_address=oss)))
 

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES  

Purpose:  

Enables one or more authentication services. If authentication has been installed, it is recommended that this parameter be set to either NONE or to one of the authentication adapters.  

Available Values:  

NONE - the database will use the username and password to log in

ALL - Enables all authentication adapters to be used.

BEQ - always used in conjunction with one or more of the following items:

KERBEROS5 - use the Kerberos adaptor

SECURID - use SecurID

CYBERSAFE - use Cybersafe

IDENTIX - use Identix

DCEGSSAPI - use DCE GSSAPI  

Example:  

sqlnet.authentication_services =(beq, kerberos5, cybersafe)
 

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_KERBEROS5_SERVICE  

Purpose:  

Defines the name of the service used to obtain a Kerberos service ticket  

Example:  

sqlnet.authentication_kerberos5_service= oracle
 

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_GSSAPI_SERVICE  

Purpose:  

Defines the CyberSAFE service principal  

SQLNET.CLIENT_REGISTRATION  

Purpose:  

Sets a unique identifier for this client machine. This identifier will be passed to the listener with any connection request and will be included in the Audit Trail. The identifier can be any alphanumeric string up to 128 characters long.  

Example:  

sqlnet.client_registration unique_id
 

SQLNET.CRYPTO_CHECKSUM_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Specifies the desired checksum behavior when this client is connecting to a server  

Default Value:  

ACCEPTED

 

Available Values:  

  • ACCEPTED
  • REJECTED
  • REQUESTED
  • REQUIRED
 

Example:  

sqlnet.crypto_checksum_client=accepted
 

SQLNET.CRYPTO_CHECKSUM_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Specifies the desired checksum behavior when a client is connecting to this server  

Default Value:  

ACCEPTED  

Available Values:  

  • ACCEPTED
  • REJECTED
  • REQUESTED
  • REQUIRED
 

Example:  

sqlnet.crypto_checksum_server=accepted
 

SQLNET.CRYPTO_CHECKSUM_TYPES_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Specifies a list of crypto-checksum algorithms this client is allowed to use  

Default Value:  

MD5  

Available Values:  

MD5 - RSA Data Security's MD5 algorithm  

Example:  

sqlnet.crypto_checksum_types_client=(md5)
 

SQLNET.CRYPTO_CHECKSUM_TYPES_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Specifies a list of crypto-checksum algorithms this server is allowed to use  

Default Value:  

MD5  

Available Values:  

MD5 - RSA Data Security's MD5 algorithm  

Example:  

sqlnet.crypto_checksum_types_server=(md5)
 

SQLNET.CRYPTO_SEED  

Purpose:  

Specifies the characters used when generating cryptographic keys. The more random the characters are, the stronger the keys are. This is required whenever encryption or checksumming is turned on.  

Example:  

sqlnet.crypto_seed = 
"4fhfguweotcadsfdsafjkdsfqp5f201p45mxskdl"
 

SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Specifies the desired behavior when this client is connecting to a server  

Default Value:  

ACCEPTED  

Available Values:  

  • ACCEPTED
  • REJECTED
  • REQUESTED
  • REQUIRED
 

Example:  

sqlnet.encryption_client=accepted
 

SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Specifies the desired behavior when a client is connecting to this server  

Default Value:  

ACCEPTED  

Available Values:  

  • ACCEPTED
  • REJECTED
  • REQUESTED
  • REQUIRED
 

Example:  

sqlnet.encryption_server=accepted
 

SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_TYPES_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Specifies a list of encryption algorithms this client is allowed to use  

Default Value:  

All algorithms are used if none are specified.  

Available Values:  

One or more of the following:

RC4_40 - RSA RC4 (40 bit key size) Domestic & International

RC4_56 - RSA RC4 (56 bit key size) Domestic only

RC4_128 - RSA RC4 (128 bit key size) Domestic only

DES - Standard DES (56 bit key size) Domestic only

DES40 - (40 bit key size) Domestic & International  

Example:  

sqlnet.encryption_types_client=(rc4_40)
 

SQLNET.ENCRYPTION_TYPES_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Specifies a list of encryption algorithms this server is allowed to use when acting as a server  

Default Value:  

All algorithms are used if none are specified.  

Available Values:  

RC4_40 - RSA RC4 (40 bit key size) Domestic & International

RC4_56 - RSA RC4 (56 bit key size) Domestic only

RC4_128 - RSA RC4 (128 bit key size) Domestic only

DES - Standard DES (56 bit key size) Domestic only

DES40 - (40 bit key size) Domestic & International  

Example:  

sqlnet.encryption_types_server=(rc4_40, des, ...)
 

SQLNET.EXPIRE_TIME  

Purpose:  

Determines time interval to send a probe to verify the session is alive  

Default Value:  

NONE  

Minimum Value:  

0 minutes  

Recommended Value:  

10 minutes  

Example:  

sqlnet.expire_time=10
 

SQLNET.IDENTIX_FINGERPRINT_DATABASE  

Purpose:  

Specifies the service name or alias for the authentication fingerprint database  

Example:  

sqlnet.identix_fingerprint_database = service_name
 

SQLNET.IDENTIX_FINGERPRINT_DATABASE_USER  

Purpose:  

Specifies the well known user name for the fingerprint database  

Example:  

sqlnet.identix_fingerprint_database_user = username
 

SQLNET.IDENTIX_FINGERPRINT_DATABASE_PASSWORD  

Purpose:  

Specifies the well known password for the fingerprint database  

Example:  

sqlnet.identix_fingerprint_database_password = password
 

SQLNET.IDENTIX_FINGERPRINT_METHOD  

Purpose:  

Specifies the method name for the fingerprint database. The method name must be ORACLE  

Example:  

sqlnet.identix_fingerprint_method = oracle
 

SQLNET.KERBEROS5_CC_NAME  

Purpose:  

Specifies the complete pathname to the Kerberos credentials cache file.  

Example:  

sqlnet.kerberos5_cc_name= /usr/tmp/krbcache
 

SQLNET.KERBEROS5_CLOCKSKEW  

Purpose:  

Specifies how many seconds can pass before a Kerberos credential is considered out of date.  

Default Value  

300  

Example:  

sqlnet.kerberos5_clockskew = 1200
 

SQLNET.KERBEROS5_CONF  

Purpose:  

Specifies the complete pathname to the Kerberos configuration file, which contains the realm for the default KDC and maps realms to KDC hosts.  

Default  

/krb5/krb.conf  

Example:  

sqlnet.kerberos5_conf = /krb5/krb.conf
 

SQLNET.KERBEROS5_KEYTAB  

Purpose:  

Specifies the complete pathname to the Kerberos principal/secret key mapping file, which is used to extract keys and decrypt incoming authentication information.  

Default  

/etc/v5srvtab  

Example:  

sqlnet.kerberos5_keytab = /etc/v5srvtab
 

SQLNET.KERBEROS5_REALMS  

Purpose:  

Specifies the complete pathname to the Kerberos realm translation file, which provides a mapping from a host name or domain name to a realm.  

Default  

/krb5/krb.realms  

Example:  

sqlnet.kerberos5_realms= /krb5/krb.realms
 

TNSPING.TRACE_DIRECTORY  

Purpose:  

Controls the destination directory of the trace file.  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE_HOME/network/trace  

Example:  

tnsping.trace_directory=/oracle/traces
 

TNSPING.TRACE_LEVEL  

Purpose:  

Turns tracing on/off to a certain specified level.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Available Values  

  • OFF - No trace output
  • USER - User trace information
  • ADMIN - Administration trace information
  • SUPPORT - WorldWide Customer Support trace information
 

Example:  

tnsping.trace_level=sdmin
 

TRACE_DIRECTORY_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Controls the destination directory of the trace file.  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE_HOME/network/trace  

Example:  

trace_directory_client=/oracle/traces
 

TRACE_DIRECTORY_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Controls the destination directory of the trace file.  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE_HOME/network/trace  

Example:  

trace_directory_server=/oracle/traces
 

TRACE_FILE_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Controls the name of the client trace file.  

Default Value:  

SQLNET.TRC  

Example:  

trace_file_client=cli
 

TRACE_FILE_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Controls the name of the server trace file.  

Default Value:  

SVR_PID.TRC  

Example:  

trace_file_server=svr
 

TRACE_LEVEL_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Turns tracing on/off to a certain specified level.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Available Values  

  • OFF - No trace output
  • USER - User trace information
  • ADMIN - Administration trace information
  • SUPPORT - WorldWide Customer Support trace information
 

Example:  

trace_level_client=user
 

TRACE_LEVEL_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Turns tracing on/off to a certain specified level.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Available Values  

  • OFF - No trace output
  • USER - User trace information
  • ADMIN - Administration trace information
  • SUPPORT - WorldWide Customer Support trace information
 

Example:  

trace_level_server=admin
 

TRACE_UNIQUE_CLIENT  

Purpose:  

Used to make each client trace file have a unique name to prevent each trace file from being overwritten with the next occurrence of the client. The PID is attached to the end of the filename.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Example:  

trace_unique_client=on
 

USE_CMAN  

Purpose:  

Forces all sessions to go through Oracle Connection Manager to get to the server.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Values:  

TRUE or FALSE  

Example:  

use_cman=true
 

USE_DEDICATED_SERVER  

Purpose:  

Forces the listener to spawn a dedicated server process for sessions from this client.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Values:  

  • ON - spawn dedicated server processes
  • OFF - hand off to existing server processes
 

Example:  

use_dedicated_server=on
 

B.3 Local Naming Parameters (TNSNAMES.ORA)

The following name-value pairs are available in a local names configuration file. Local naming configurations are stored in a file called TNSNAMES.ORA.

DESCRIPTION  

Purpose:  

Beginning of a definition of a database listening address.  

Example:  

service name= (description =
  (address = ...)
  (connect_data=(sid=db1))
 

SOURCE_ROUTE  

Purpose:  

Creates a source route of addresses through all Connection Managers to the destination database.  

Values:  

YES or NO  

Example:  

(description =
  (address_list =
    (address = ...)
    (address = ...)
  )
  (connect_data=(sid=db1))
  (source_route = yes))
 

B.4 Listener Parameters (LISTENER.ORA)

The following parameters are available in the network listener configuration film (LISTENER.ORA).

CONNECT_TIMEOUT_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Sets the number of seconds that the listener waits to get a valid database query after the session has started.  

Default  

10  

Comment:  

If value is set to 0, it will wait forever.  

LISTENER_address  

Purpose:  

Defines the listening addresses for the listener.  

Default Value:  

(address_list=
  (address=(protocol=tcp)(host=<host>)(port=1521))
  (address=(protocol=ipc)(key=pnpkey)))
 

Example:  

listener_name = (address_list=
 (address=(address)(address=(address))
 (address=(address)(address=(address))
 )
 

LOG_DIRECTORY_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Controls the directory for where the log file is written.  

Default Value:  

Current directory where executable is started from.  

Example:  

log_directory_listener=/oracle/traces
 

LOG_FILE_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Specifies the filename where the log information is written  

Default Value:  

listener_name.log  

Example:  

log_file_listener=lsnr
 

LOGGING_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Logging is always on unless you provide this parameter and turn logging off.  

Default Value:  

ON  

Available Values  

ON or OFF  

Example:  

logging_listener=off
 

PASSWORDS_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Specifies a password to perform certain DBA tasks against the listener using LSNRCTL.  

Default Value:  

NULL  

Example:  

passwords_listener=(super32, sly51)
 

SAVE_CONFIG_ON_STOP_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Any changes made by the LSNRCTL SET command is made permanent if parameter is TRUE.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Values:  

ON or OFF  

Example:  

save_config_on_stop_listener=true
 

SERVICE_LIST_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Defines the service served by the listener. This is the same as the SID_LIST, made more generic for non-database servers.  

Default Value:  

NULL  

Usage Notes:  

The one difference between SERVICE_LIST and SID_LIST is that it cannot be used for prespawned services.  

Example:  

service_list_listener_name = 
  (service_list= (service=
    (global_dbname=global_database_name)  
    (service_name=service_name)
    (operating_system_specific=db_location) [(service=...)
)
 

SID_LIST_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Defines the SID of the databases served by the listener.  

Example:  

sid_list_listener_name = 
  (sid_list= (sid_desc=
    (global_dbname=global_database_name)
    (sid_name=sid)
    (operating_system_specific=db_location) 
    [(prespawn_max=99) (prespawn_list= 
         (prespawn_desc= (protocol=tcp)
            (pool_size=10)(timeout=2))
         (prespawn_desc=...))]
  [(sid_desc=...)]
)
 

STARTUP_WAIT_TIME_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Sets the number of seconds that the listener sleeps before responding to the first LSNRCTL STATUS command. This assures that a listener with a slow protocol will have time to start up before responding to a status request.  

Default Value:  

0

 

Example:  

startup_wait_time_listener=2
 

TRACE_DIRECTORY_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Controls the destination directory of the trace file.  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE_HOME/network/trace  

Example:  

trace_directory_listener=/oracle/traces
 

TRACE_FILE_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Controls the name of the listener trace file.  

Default Value:  

LISTENER_NAME.TRC  

Example:  

trace_file_listener=lsnr
 

TRACE_LEVEL_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Turns tracing on/off to a certain specified level.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Available Values  

  • OFF - No trace output
  • USER - User trace information
  • ADMIN - Administration trace information
  • SUPPORT - WorldWide Customer Support trace information
 

Example:  

trace_level_listener=admin
 

USE_PLUG_AND_PLAY_listener_name  

Purpose:  

Instructs the listener to register with a well-known Names Server. Will continue to look for a well-known Names Server until one is found.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Available Values  

ON or OFF  

Usage Notes  

If no well-known Names Server exists in the environment, this parameter should be set to OFF.  

Example:  

use_plug_and_play=on
 

B.5 Oracle Names Parameters (NAMES.ORA)

The following parameters are available in an Oracle Names configuration file (NAMES.ORA).

NAMES.ADDRESSES  

Purpose:  

Describes the address on which the Names Server listens. Any valid TNS address is allowed.  

Default Value:  

names.addresses =  
  (address=(protocol=tcp)(host=oranamesrvr0)(port=1575)
 

NAMES.ADMIN_REGION  

Purpose:  

Describes the data source for an administrative region. This parameter defines a database as a repository for information, instead of relying on replication of data between Names Server caches.  

Default Value:  

NULL  

Example:  

names.admin_region=
   (region=(name=local_region.world)
   (type=rosdb)
   (userid=names)
   (password=names)
   (description=
     (address_list=
       (address=(protocol=tcp)
       (host=nineva)(port=1575)
      )
   )
   (connect_data=
        (sid=em)
        )
    )
   (version=34619392)
   (refresh=14400)
   (retry=600)
   (expire=259200)
 

NAMES.AUTHORITY_REQUIRED  

Purpose:  

Determines whether system queries require Authoritative answers.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Example:  

names.authority_required=true
 

NAMES.AUTO_REFRESH_EXPIRE  

Purpose:  

Specifies the amount of time in seconds the Names Server caches other region's database server addresses which have been obtained through "NAMES.HINTS". At the end of this interval, the Names Server issues a query to the other region database servers to refresh the address.  

Default Value:  

600 seconds  

Acceptable Values:  

60-1209600 seconds  

Example:  

names.auto_refresh_expire=1200000
 

NAMES.AUTO_REFRESH_RETRY  

Purpose:  

Specifies the interval in seconds that the Names Server will retry when the auto refresh query fails.  

Default Value:  

180  

Minimum Value:  

60  

Maximum Value  

3600  

Example:  

names.auto_refresh_retry=180
 

NAMES.CACHE_CHECKPOINT_FILE  

Purpose:  

Specifies the name of the operating system file to which the Names Server writes its checkpoint file. See the Oracle operating system-specific manual for your platform for filename restrictions.  

Default Value:  

ckpcch.ora  

Example:  

names.cache_checkpoint_file = filename
 

NAMES.CACHE_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL  

Purpose:  

Indicates the interval at which a Names Server writes a checkpoint of its stored data to the checkpoint file. Each Names Server can periodically write its cached data to a file to protect against startup failures.  

Default Value:  

0 (disabled)  

Minimum Value:  

10  

Maximum Value:  

259200 (3 days)  

Example:  

names.cache_checkpoint_interval = seconds
 

NAMES.CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_FILE  

Purpose:  

Name of the file used to checkpoint configuration settings.  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE_HOME/NETWORK/NAMES/CKPCFG.ORA  

Example:  

names.config_checkpoint_file=cache.ckp
 

NAMES.DEFAULT_FORWARDERS  

Purpose:  

Address list of other Names Servers which are used to forward queries.  

Example:  

names.default_forwarders= (forwarder_list=
  (forwarder=(name=rootserv1.world)(address=(protocol=tcp)
      (port=4200)(host=roothost))))
 

NAMES.DEFAULT_FORWARDERS_ONLY  

Purpose:  

When TRUE the Names Server forwards queries only to those Names Servers listed as default forwarders.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Usage Notes:  

If set to FALSE, Names Servers listed as default forwarders will be called before Names Servers specified in the cache.  

NAMES.DOMAIN_HINTS  

Purpose:  

Lists the names, addresses and domains of all servers in one or more foreign regions. Enables the Names Server to know about other regions' servers. This includes at least the "root" region for all servers who are not in the root region. Other regions may be provided as optimization requires.  

Example:  

names.domain_hints=
 (hint_desc=(hint_list=
   (hint=(name=rootserv1.world)
     (address=(protocol=tcp)(host=nineva)(port=4200)
     )
   )
 )
 

NAMES.DOMAINS  

Purpose:  

List of domains in the server's local region, as well as the default time to live (TTL) for data in those domains.  

Example:  

names.domains=
 (domain_list=
    (domain=(name=)(min_ttl=86400))
    (domain=(name=world)(min_ttl=8640))
  )
 

NAMES.DOMAINS_DNS_ALIGNED  

Purpose:  

The Names Server will use the local default DNS domain as its default domain, if there are no domains set in names.domains, and if this parameter is not set to FALSE.  

Default Value:  

TRUE  

Example:  

names.domains_dns_aligned=false
 

NAMES.FORWARDING_AVAILABLE  

Purpose:  

The server forwards operations to foreign regions if set to TRUE.  

Default Value  

TRUE  

Example:  

names.forwarding_available=false
 

NAMES.FORWARDING_DESIRED  

Purpose:  

If set to true, then this server will forward queries.  

Default Value:  

TRUE  

Example:  

names.forwarding_desired=true
 

NAMES.LOG_DIRECTORY  

Purpose:  

Indicates the name of the directory where the log file for Names Server operational events are written. For the default name of this file on your system, refer to the Oracle operating system-specific manual for your platform.  

Default Value:  

platform specific  

Example:  

names.log_directory = complete_directory_name
 

NAMES.LOG_FILE  

Purpose:  

Indicates the name of the output file to which Names Server operational events are written. The file name extension is always.log. Do not enter an extension for this parameter.  

Default Value:  

names  

Example:  

names.log_file = filename
 

NAMES.LOG_STATS_INTERVAL  

Purpose:  

Specifies the number of seconds between statistical entries in log file.  

Default Value:  

0 (0 = OFF)  

Minimum Value:  

10 (least possible ON value)  

Maximum Value:  

none  

Example:  

names.log_stats_interval = seconds
 

NAMES.LOG_UNIQUE  

Purpose:  

If set to true, then the log filename will be unique and not overwrite existing log files.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Example:  

names.log_unique=true
 

NAMES.MAX_OPEN_CONNECTIONS  

Purpose:  

Specifies the number of connections that the Names Server can have open at any given time. The value is generated as the value 10 or the sum of one connection for listening, five for clients, plus one for each foreign domain defined in the local administrative region, whichever is greater.

The calculated value is acceptable for most installations.  

Default Value:  

Calculated based on entered data  

Minimum Value:  

2  

Maximum Value:  

64  

Example:  

names.max_open_connections = number
 

NAMES.MAX_REFORWARDS  

Purpose:  

The maximum number of times the server attempts to forward an operation.  

Default Value:  

2  

Minimum Value:  

1  

Maximum Value:  

15  

Example:  

names.max_reforwards=2
 

NAMES.MESSAGE_POOL_START_SIZE  

Purpose:  

Determines the initial number of messages allocated in the server's message pool which are used for incoming or outgoing forwarded messages.  

Default Value:  

10  

Minimum Value:  

3  

Maximum Value:  

256  

Example:  

names.message_pool_start_size=10
 

NAMES.NO_MODIFY_REQUESTS  

Purpose:  

If set to true, the server refuses any operations which modify the data in its region.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Example:  

names.no_modify_requests=true
 

NAMES.NO_REGION_DATABASE  

Purpose:  

If set to true, the server won't look for a region database.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Example:  

names.no_region_database=true
 

NAMES.PASSWORD  

Purpose:  

The Names Server may require a user password (if set) in the namesctl session in order to do `sensitive' operations, such as STOP, RESTART, RELOAD.  

Default Value:  

None  

Example:  

names.password=625926683431aa55
 

NAMES.REGION_CHECKPOINT_FILE  

Purpose:  

Specifies the name of the file used to checkpoint region data (for example, domain addresses, database addresses of Names Servers in the local region)  

Default Value:  

$ORACLE/HOME/network/names/ckpreg.ora  

Example:  

names.region_checkpoint_file=oracle/home/network/names/
ckpreg.ora
 

NAMES.RESET_STATS_INTERVAL  

Purpose:  

Specifies the number of seconds during which the statistics collected by the Names Servers should accumulate. At the frequency specified, they are reset to zero. The default value of 0 means never reset statistics.  

Default Value:  

0 (never reset)  

Minimum Value:  

10  

Maximum Value:  

none  

Example:  

names.reset_stats_interval = seconds
 

NAMES.SERVER_NAME  

Purpose:  

Each Names Server is uniquely identified by a name. All configuration references to a particular Names Server use this name.  

Default Value:  

ONAMES_hostname  

Example:  

names.server_name = valid_string
 

NAMES.TRACE_DIRECTORY  

Purpose:  

Indicates the name of the directory to which trace files from a Names Server trace session are written.  

Default Value:  

platform specific  

Example:  

names.trace_directory = complete_directory_name
 

NAMES.TRACE_FILE  

Purpose:  

Indicates the name of the output file from a Names Server trace session. The filename extension is always.trc.  

Default Value:  

names  

Example:  

names.trace_file = filename
 

NAMES.TRACE_FUNC  

Purpose:  

Enables internal mechanism to control tracing by function name.  

Default Value:  

FALSE  

Example:  

names.trace_func = false
 

NAMES.TRACE_LEVEL  

Purpose:  

Indicates the level at which the Names Server is to be traced.  

Default Value:  

OFF  

Available Values  

  • OFF - No trace output
  • USER - User trace information
  • ADMIN - Administration trace information
  • SUPPORT - WorldWide Customer Support trace information
 

Example:  

names.trace_level = admin
 

NAMES.TRACE_UNIQUE  

Purpose:  

indicates whether each trace file has a unique name, allowing multiple trace files to coexist. If the value is set to ON, a process identifier is appended to the name of each trace file generated.  

Default Value:  

ON  

Example:  

names.trace_unique = on
 

B.6 Oracle Connection Manager Parameters (CMAN.ORA)

The following parameters are available in an Oracle Connection Manager configuration file (CMAN.ORA).

CMAN  

Purpose:  

Specifies listening addresses for Oracle Connection Manager.  

Default Value:  

cman = (address=(protocol=tcp)(host=anyhost)(port=1600))
 

Example:  

cman=
   (address_list=
       (address= ...)
      [(address = ...)] 
    )
 

CMAN_PROFILE  

Purpose:  

Sets parameters related to the running of Oracle Connection Manager.  

Default Value:  

  • MAXIMUM_RELAYS = 8
  • LOG_LEVEL = 0
  • TRACING = NO
  • TRACE_DIRECTORY = <pathname>
  • RELAY_STATISTICS = NO
  • SHOW_TNS_INFO = NO
  • USE_ASYNC_CALL = YES
  • AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL = 0
  • MAXIMUM_CONNECT_DATA = 1024
  • ANSWER_TIMEOUT = 0
 

Available Values:  

  • MAXIMUM_RELAYS = [0-10240]
  • LOG_LEVEL = [0-4]
  • TRACING = [YES, NO]
  • TRACE_DIRECTORY = <pathname>
  • RELAY_STATISTICS = [YES,NO]
  • SHOW_TNS_INFO = [YES, NO]
  • USE_ASYNC_CALL = [YES, NO]
  • AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL = [0, 1]
  • MAXIMUM_CONNECT_DATA = [257-4096]
  • ANSWER_TIMEOUT = [0 to n]
 

Usage Notes:  

  • MAXIMUM_RELAYS = determines the maximum number of concurrent connections allowed.
  • LOG_LEVEL = determines the level of logging performed by the Connection Manager.
  • TRACING = enables tracing on the Connection Manager.
  • TRACE_DIRECTORY = indicates the location where trace information specific to the Connection Manager is written.
  • RELAY_STATISTICS = instructs the Connection Manager to maintain statistics pertaining to relay I/O activities such as number of IN bytes, number of OUT bytes, number of IN packets, number of out packets.
  • SHOW_TNS_INFO = instructs the Connection Manager to include TNS events in the log file.
  • USE_ASYNC_CALL = instructs the Conenction Manager to use all asynchronous functions while in the answering, accepting, or calling phase of establishing a connection.

    NOTE: CMAN supports out-of-band breaks, it will forward it on to the server.

  • AUTHENTICATION_LEVEL instructs the Connection Manager to reject connect requests that are not using Secure Network Services. Secure Network Services is part of the Advanced Networking Option.
 

Example:  

cman_profile =
   (parameter_list= 
      (maximum_relays=512)
      (log_level=1)
      (tracing=yes)
      (relay_statistics=yes)
      (show_tns_info=yes) (use_async_call=yes)             
      (authentication_level=0)
   )
 

CMAN_RULES  

Purpose:  

Sets the rules for the network access control portion of Oracle Connection Manager.  

Values:  

  • SRC - Source host name or IP address (in dot notation) of session request
  • DST - Destination server host name or IP address (in dot notation)
  • SRV - Database server SID
  • ACT - Accept or Reject incoming requests with the previous characteristics.
 

Usage Notes  

The wildcard for host name is the single character `x'. In the case of an IP address (d.d.d.d), you may wild card the individual d's with an `x'.  

Example:  

cman_rules=
  (rules_list=
      (rule=(src=hostname)(dst=hostname)(srv=sid)
      (act=accept)) 
      [(rule= ...)] 
   )
 

B.7 Protocol-specific Parameters (PROTOCOL.ORA)

The following parameters in the PROTOCOL.ORA configuration file are applicable to Net8.

protocol.EXCLUDED_NODES  

Purpose:  

Defines which nodes do not have validnode checking.  

Example:  

tcp.excluded_nodes= (hostname or tcp_address, ...)
 

protocol.INVITED_NODES  

Purpose:  

Defines which nodes have validnode checking.  

Example:  

tcp.invited_nodes= (hostname or tcp_address, ...)
 

protocol.VALIDNODE_CHECKING  

Purpose:  

Restricts session access of clients to destinations with enabling host privilege.  

Default Value:  

NO  

Values:  

  • YES
  • NO
 

Example:  

tcp.validnode_checking = yes
 




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