Oracle8 Backup and Recovery Guide
Release 8.0

A58396-01

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A

ABORT option
SHUTDOWN command, 12-10, 12-22, 12-26, 12-52
ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-38
active online redo log
loss of group, 12-50
ALERT file, 2-18, 12-3, 12-25, 12-29, 12-34
allocate channel command, 8-10, 8-28, 8-36
type disk operand, 8-10
allocate channel for delete command, 8-7, 9-8
ALTER DATABASE command
ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE option, 12-38
BACKUP CONTROLFILE option, 2-23
BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE option, 11-10, 12-53
CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP option, 12-37
CLEAR LOGFILE option, 12-48
CREATE DATAFILE option, 12-13, 12-39
CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE option, 12-36
DATAFILE ONLINE option, 12-28, 12-32
MOUNT STANDBY DATABASE option, 12-37, 12-43
NORESETLOGS option, 11-11, 12-25, 12-29, 12-34, 12-53
OPEN NORESETLOGS option, 12-17
OPEN option, 12-52
OPEN RESETLOGS option, 8-4, 12-10, 12-25, 12-29, 12-34
RECOVER AUTOMATIC LOGFILE option, 12-7
RECOVER clause, 12-4
RECOVER LOGFILE option, 12-6
RECOVER...FROM parameter, 12-5
RESETLOGS option, 11-11, 12-3
ALTER SYSTEM command
ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT option, 12-36, 12-38
ALTER TABLESPACE command
BEGIN BACKUP option
marking the beginning, 11-6
minimizing time between begin and end, 11-8
BEGIN/END BACKUP option, 8-8
END BACKUP option
marking the end, 11-6
minimizing time between begin and end, 11-8
OFFLINE option, 11-9
ONLINE option
bringing tablespaces back online, 11-9
Apply Recovery Archives dialog box, 12-23
Enterprise Manager, 12-3
ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT option
ALTER SYSTEM command, 12-36, 12-38
archived logs
backing up, 9-3
archived redo log, 1-7, 2-13 to 2-15
applying during recovery, 12-4, 12-6
deleting after recovery, 12-14
duplexing, 2-15
errors during recovery, 12-8
location during recovery, 12-4
loss of, 12-51
preserving log sequence number, 12-24, 12-28, 12-33
resetting log sequence number, 12-24, 12-28, 12-33
restoring to disk, 12-14
time-based recovery, 12-51
tracking, 7-27
archivelog
copies, listing, 8-12
deleting, 8-6
deleting record of, 8-6
marking as available, 8-7
marking as unavailable, 8-7
registering, 8-2
ARCHIVELOG mode
backup options, 3-5
datafile loss in, 12-46
definition, 2-16
distributed database backups, 3-6
overview, 1-7
strategies for backups in, 3-8
archiver process (ARCH), 2-17 to 2-18
archiving online redo log files, 2-14
archiving
automatic, 2-17
manual, 2-18
modes
database, 2-16 to 2-19
automatic archiving, 2-17
auxiliary sets, 10-3
naming datafiles in tablespaces, 10-10
available operand
change command, 8-7

B

backup
after structural changes to database, 3-3
after using RESETLOGS option, 3-5
archived log, 9-3
ARCHIVELOG mode in, 3-8
backup sets, 7-10
checking datafile backup status, 11-7
choosing method, 5-1 to 5-7
consistent whole database, 2-22
constraints, 7-25
control file, 2-24, 9-3, 11-10
creating a strategy, 3-7
cumulative incremental, 7-13, 7-16
database, 9-2
datafile, 2-24
DB_VERIFY utility, 11-4
definition, 1-2, 4-4
distributed databases, 3-6
Enterprise Backup Utility used for, 5-3
Export utility and, 2-28, 3-6
Export utility used for, 5-3
frequency, 3-2
full, 7-12
generating reports for, 8-12
guidelines for, 3-2
image copies, 7-10, 7-17
importance of, 1-2
inconsistent whole database, 2-23
incremental, 7-12, 9-6
definition, 4-4
Recovery Manager, 8-22
individual datafiles, 9-3
keeping, 3-4, 9-7
listing files needed, 11-2
logical
definition, 2-28
marking end, 11-6
NOARCHIVELOG mode, in, 3-7, 9-2
noncumulative incremental, 7-14
of online redo logs, 3-9
of recovery catalog, 6-6
operating system, 5-2
Parallel Server Environment, 9-5
planning before database creation, 3-2
privileges for control files, 11-10
procedures for, 11-2 to 11-14
offline datafiles, 11-8
offline tablespaces, 11-8
online datafiles, 11-5
online tablespaces, 11-5
Recovery Manager types, 7-10
Recovery Manager, user tags for, 7-24
restoring whole database backup, 12-9
scenario, Recovery Manager, 8-27
specification list, 8-24
specifying device, 8-10
tablespace, 3-3, 9-2, 9-3, 11-8
test strategies, 3-7
to disk, 5-4
to disk, using Recovery Manager, 8-10
to sequential media, 5-5
types of, 2-21 to 2-25, 11-2 to 11-14
using stored scripts, 8-19
whole database, 2-21, 11-3 to 11-4
Recovery Manager, 8-22
backup command, 8-21
format operand, 8-20
setmaxcorrupt clause, 9-7
skip inaccessible option, 9-7
skip offline option, 9-2, 9-7
skip read only option, 9-2
tag operand, 8-23
backup constraints, 7-25
backup control files
snapshot, 7-9
BACKUP CONTROLFILE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 2-23
BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO option
ALTER DATABASE command, 11-2
BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 11-2, 11-10, 12-53
backup file
user-created
cataloging, 8-8
backup methods, 5-1 to 5-7
backup object list, 8-24
backup piece
deleting, 8-6
deleting record of, 8-6
marking as available, 8-7
marking as unavailable, 8-7
naming, 8-20
backup pieces, 7-11
backup sets, 7-10
backup pieces, 7-11
compression, 7-11
deleting multi-piece, 9-8
full, 7-12
incremental, 7-12
limiting number of files, 8-20
listing, 8-12, 8-17, 8-18
multiplexed, 7-22
organizing, 8-21
backup specification list, 8-24
Begin Online Tablespace Backup dialog, 11-6
BEGIN/END option
ALTER TABLESPACE command, 8-8
bitmap indexes
and TSPITR, 10-5, 13-5

C

cancel-based recovery, 4-7
procedures, 12-22
catalog command, 8-2, 8-8
catrman.sql script, 6-5
catrman.sql script, 8-3
CE CodeExInd, xix
change command, 8-6
available operand, 8-7
delete operand, 8-7
unavailable operand, 8-7
uncatalog operand, 8-7
change-based recovery, 12-31 to 12-35
coordinated in distributed database system, 12-2
changed-based recovery, 4-7
change...delete command, 8-8
channel control, 7-19, 8-9
allocating channel, 8-9
channels
allocating, 7-19
checkpoint, 2-5 to 2-9
after a time interval, 2-6
at log switches, 2-6
checkpoint process (CKPT), 2-8
control files and, 2-20
database, 2-6
datafile, 2-6
definnition, 4-4
events during, 2-8
fast, 2-8
forcing, 2-6
incremental, 2-7
normal, 2-8
online redo log files and, 2-5
overview, 2-5
performance effect of, 2-5
shutting down an instance and, 2-6
taking a tablespace offline and, 2-6
types of, 2-6
CLEAR LOGFILE GROUP option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-37
CLEAR LOGFILE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-48
clone databases, 10-3
converted filenames, 10-13
exporting, 13-15
opening, 13-15
preparing for TSPITR, 13-13
preparing parameter files for, 13-12
recovering, 13-14
using datafile copy for TSPITR, 10-11
closed database
recovery, 12-3
cold backups
whole database backups, 11-3
command file for Recovery Manager, 6-10
commands
backup, 7-3
categories of, 7-3
LIST, 7-23
recovery catelog maintenance, 7-3
REPORT, 7-23
REPORT DELETABLE, 7-23
REPORT NEED BACKUP, 7-23
REPORT UNRECOVERABLE, 7-23
restore, 7-3
stored script maintenance, 7-3
commands, Recovery Manager
allocate channel, 8-10, 8-28, 8-36
allocate channel for delete, 9-8
backup, 8-21
catalog, 8-2, 8-8
change, 8-6, 8-7
change...delete, 8-8
copy, 2-27, 8-28
delete script, 8-19
execute script, 8-19
list, 8-12, 9-11
list backupset, 8-18
list copy, 8-18
list incarnation of database, 8-4
print script, 8-19
register database, 8-3
release channel, 8-11
replace script, 8-19
replicate, 8-31
report, 9-12
report deletable, 8-15
report need backup, 8-13
report need backup days, 8-14
report schema, 8-16
report unrecoverable, 8-14
reset database, 8-4
reset database to incarnation, 8-4
restore, 9-10
resync catalog from backup controlfile, 8-9
set newname, 8-32, 8-35
setlimit channel, 8-11
switch, 8-35
committing transactions
writing redo log buffer and, 2-2
COMPATIBLE initialization parameter, 12-41
complete export, 11-14
complete recovery
procedures for, 12-15
consistent whole database backups, 2-22
constraints
backup, 7-25
restore, 7-26
control file, 1-4, 2-19 to 2-20
archived redo log information in, 2-15
backing up, 9-3, 11-2, 11-10
changes recorded, 2-20
checkpoint information, 2-20
contents, 1-4, 2-19
CONTROL_FILES parameter
for primary and standby databases, 12-40
definition, 1-4, 4-3
during incomplete recovery, 12-22, 12-31
during time-based recovery, 12-26
finding filenames, 11-2
inconsistency with data dictionary, 12-25, 12-30
log sequence numbers and, 2-5
loss of, 12-51, 12-52
media recovery and, 2-15
mirrored, loss of, 12-52
multiplexed, 2-20
privileges to backup, 11-10
purpose, 1-4
restore destination, 8-31
standby database, 12-36
control file backup
definition, 2-24
CONTROL_FILES initialization parameter, 8-31, 12-52
coordinated, time-based, distributed database recovery, 12-2
copy command, 8-28
corrupt datafile blocks
records in control file, 8-21
setting maximum for backup, 9-7
corruption detection, 7-18
CREATE CONTROLFILE command
DATAFILE clause, 12-53
standby database, effect on, 12-40
CREATE DATAFILE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-13, 12-39
CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-36
creating
standby database, 12-36
cumulative export, 11-14
cumulative incremental backup, 7-13

D

data dictionary
inconsistencies with control file, 12-25, 12-30
views, 11-5
database
altering physical structure
standby database, impact on, 12-39
archiving modes, 2-16 to 2-19
backing up, 9-2
using Recovery Manager, 8-20
closed
recovery, 12-3
db identifier, 8-3
disaster recovery planning, 12-35 to 12-44
files
listing for backup, 11-2
incarnations
listing, 8-13
incremental backup
Recovery Manager, 8-22
modes
NOARCHIVELOG, 2-16
physical structure, 1-4 to 1-7, ?? to 4-5, ?? to 6-13
point-in-time recovery, 9-10
recovery
after control file damage, 12-52
procedures, 12-1 to 12-54
recovery after using RESETLOGS option, 3-10
registering in recovery catalog, 8-2, 8-3
resynchronizing with recovery catalog, 8-4
shutdown for backups, 9-2
standby, 12-35 to 12-44
activating, 12-38
creating, 12-35
maintaining, 12-36
startup
recovery during, 12-4
whole database backup, 11-3 to 11-4
Recovery Manager, 8-22
database buffers
checkpoints and, 2-5
database option
list command, 8-17
DATABASE parameter
RECOVER command, 12-3
database structures
archived redo logs, 1-7
control files, 1-4
datafiles, 1-5
online redo log, 1-5
physical, 1-4 to 1-7, ?? to 4-5, ?? to 6-13
redo log files, 1-5
rollback segment, 1-6
database writer process (DBWR)
checkpoints and, 2-5
datafile, 1-5
adding to primary database
effect on standby database, 12-39
backing up, 2-24, 2-27, 9-3
offline, 11-8
online, 11-5
using Recovery Manager, 8-20
backup needed, listing, 8-14, 8-15
backup sets
listing, 8-17
backups, listing, 8-12
checking backup status, 11-7
converting name for standby use, 12-37
copies to be deleted, listing, 8-15
copies, listing, 8-12, 8-18
copying, 2-27
advantages, 8-28
to disk, 9-5
deleting copy of, 8-6
deleting record of, 8-6
listing, 8-16
for backup, 11-2
loss of, 12-45
marking copy as available, 8-7
marking copy as unavailable, 8-7
missing after recovery, 12-25, 12-30
named in control files, 2-19
overview, 1-5
recovery
guidelines, 8-36
without backup, 12-13
recovery creation, 12-13
registering, 8-2
renaming
effect on standby database, 12-39
restore destination, 8-31
restoring, 8-30
guidelines, 8-32
when database is open, 9-8
switching, 8-35
unrecoverable, listing, 8-14
usage, 1-6
viewing
backup status, 11-7
files needing recovery, 12-12
DATAFILE clause
CREATE CONTROLFILE command, 12-53
DATAFILE ONLINE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-28, 12-32
datafile option
list command, 8-17
DATAFILE parameter
RECOVER command, 12-4
days option
report command, 8-15
db identifier, 8-3
DB_BLOCK_MAX_DIRTY_TARGET, 2-7
DB_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT initialization parameter, 12-37
for primary and standby databases, 12-40
DB_NAME initialization parameter, 2-20
DB_VERIFY utility, 11-4
DBA_DATA_FILES view, 11-5
delete operand
change command, 8-7
delete script command, 8-19
deleting
file records using Recovery Manager, 8-7
files using Recovery Manager, 8-7
recovery catalog record, 8-7
stored scripts, 8-19
device_type_list option
list backupset command, 8-18
report command, 8-13
devices
backup, finding, 9-2
disaster recovery
planning for, 12-35 to 12-44
disk failure, 1-4
distributed database
change-based recovery, 12-2
coordinated time-based recovery, 12-2
media recovery and snapshots, 12-3
recovery in, 12-2
taking backups, 3-6
distributed database system
recovery, 12-2
duplexing
archived redo log, 2-15
duplexing archived redo log, 2-15

E

End Online Tablespace Backup dialog, 11-6
Enterprise Backup Utility, 5-3
Enterprise Manager
Apply Recovery Archives dialog box, 12-3, 12-23
applying log files, 12-6
RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL TIME statement, 12-28
SET AUTORECOVERY ON statement, 12-6
Shutdown Database dialog box, 12-22, 12-26, 12-52
Shutdown Abort mode, 12-10
STARTUP command
RECOVER option, 12-4
Startup Database dialog box, 12-27
Enterprise Manager Startup dialog box, 12-23
environment variables
NLS_DATE_FORMAT, 6-11
NLS_LANG, 6-11
errors
archiver process, 2-18
execute script command, 8-19
Export utility, 2-28, 5-3
backups and, 2-28, 3-6
exports, types of, 11-14
read consistency and, 11-13
using for backup, 11-13
exports
complete, 11-14
cumulative, 11-14
incremental, 11-14
modes, 11-13

F

failure
archiving redo log files, 2-18
disk, 1-4
during checkpoints, 2-8
hardware, 1-3
instance, 1-3
media, 1-4, 12-45
multiplexed online redo logs and, 2-9
process, 1-3
statement, 1-3
system, 1-3
user error, 1-3
file recovery, 1-5
file_name_pattern option
list command, 8-18
filenames
listing for backup, 11-2
files
marking as unavailable, 8-7
format operand
backup command, 8-20
fractured block detection, 7-26
from backup operand
restore command, 8-33
from copy operand
restore command, 8-33
from/until time option
list command, 8-18
full backup, 7-12

G

group, redo log
archived redo log, 12-47
online redo log, 12-47

H

hardware failure, 1-3

I

I/O device
releasing in Recovery Manager, 8-11
I/O errors
effect on backup, 8-20
image copies, 7-17
cataloging, 7-27
user created, 7-18
Import utility, 11-13
database recovery and, 11-14
procedure for using, 11-14
inactive online redo log
loss of, 12-48
incomplete recovery
change-based, 12-31 to 12-35
procedures for, 12-21 to 12-35
time-based, 12-26 to 12-30
inconsistent whole database backups
definition, 2-23
incremental backup, 7-12, 9-6
Recovery Manager, 8-22
incremental export, 11-14
incremental option
report command, 8-14
initialization parameters
COMPATIBLE, 12-41
CONTROL_FILES, 8-31, 12-52
for primary and standby databases, 12-40
DB_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT, 12-37
for primary and standby databases, 12-40
DB_NAME, 2-20
for primary and standby databases, 12-40
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST, 12-5, 12-23, 12-28
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT, 12-5
LOG_ARCHIVE_START, 2-18
LOG_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL, 2-6
LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT, 2-6
LOG_CHECKPOINTS_TO_ALERT, 2-9
LOG_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT, 12-37
PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS, 12-11
RECOVERY_PARALLELISM, 12-11
init.ora file, 8-35
installing
recovery catalog, 8-2
instance
failures in, 1-3
recovery during startup, 12-4
integrity checking, 7-26
interrupting media recovery, 12-9

L

list backupset command, 8-18
device_type_list option, 8-18
LIST command, 7-23
list command, 8-12, 9-11
database option, 8-17
datafile option, 8-17
file_name_pattern option, 8-18
from/until time option, 8-18
list_object_list option, 8-17
list_operand option, 8-18
list_qualifier option, 8-18
redundancy option, 8-15, 8-16
tablespace option, 8-17
tag option, 8-18
list copy command, 8-18
list incarnation of database command, 8-4
list_object_list option
list command, 8-17
list_operand option
list command, 8-17, 8-18
list_qualifier option
list command, 8-18
log files
converting name for standby use, 12-37
log sequence number
control files and, 2-5
multiplexed redo logs and, 2-10
preserving after recovery, 12-24, 12-25, 12-28, 12-29, 12-33
requested during recovery, 12-4
resetting after recovery, 12-25, 12-29
resetting to 1, 12-24, 12-28, 12-33
log switch record
recovery catalog, 8-6
log switches
description, 2-5
log sequence numbers, 2-5
mirrored redo log files and, 2-10
log writer process (LGWR)
archiver process (ARCH) and, 2-14
manual archiving and, 2-18
multiplexed redo log files and, 2-10
online redo logs available for use, 2-3
trace files and, 2-11
writing to online redo log files, 2-2, 2-3
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST initialization parameter, 12-5, 12-23, 12-28
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT initialization parameter, 12-5
LOG_ARCHIVE_START initialization parameter, 2-18
LOG_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL parameter, 2-6
LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT parameter, 2-6
LOG_CHECKPOINTS_TO_ALERT initialization parameter, 2-9
LOG_FILE_STANDBY_NAME_CONVERT initialization parameter, 12-37
logical backup
definition, 2-28
LOGSOURCE parameter
SET command, 12-5
loss of inactive log group, 12-48

M

manual archiving, 2-18
media failure, 1-4
archived redo log file loss, 12-51
complete recovery procedures, 12-15 to 12-21
control file loss, 12-51, 12-52
datafile loss, 12-45
description, 12-45
NOARCHIVELOG mode, 12-9
online redo log group loss, 12-47
online redo log loss, 12-46
recovery
distributed databases, 12-2
recovery procedures
examples, 12-45 to 12-54
Media Management Library (MML), 5-6
media recovery, 4-7
applying archived redo logs, 12-4
at instance startup, 12-4
cancel-based, 12-21
change-based, 12-21, 12-31 to 12-35
commands, 12-11 to 12-12
completion of, 12-17, 12-19, 12-21
deciding which files need recovery, 12-12
distributed database
coordinated time-based, 12-2
error messages, 12-8
errors with redo log files, 12-8
from NOARCHIVELOG mode, 12-9
interrupting, 12-9
lost files
lost archived redo log files, 12-51
lost control files, 12-51
lost datafiles, 12-45
lost mirrored control files, 12-52
NOARCHIVELOG mode, 12-9
online redo log files, 12-46
open database-offline tablespace, 12-17
preparing for, 12-11 to 12-15
procedures for complete, 12-15 to 12-21
procedures for incomplete, 12-21 to 12-35
requirements of incomplete, 12-24, 12-28, 12-33
restoring
archived redo log files, 12-14
damaged files, 12-13
whole database backups, 12-9
resuming after interruption, 12-9
snapshots and, 12-3
starting, 12-15
successfully applied redo logs, 12-8
SYSTEM tablespace, 12-17
time-based, 12-21
time-based incomplete, 12-26 to 12-30
undamaged tablespaces online, 12-17
using Recovery Manager, 8-35
mirrored control file
loss of, 12-52
mirrored online redo log, 2-10
loss of, 12-47
loss of member, 12-47
mode
ARCHIVELOG, 1-7, 2-16
NOARCHIVELOG, 1-7, 2-16
recovery from failure, 12-9
MOUNT option
STARTUP command, 12-23, 12-27
MOUNT STANDBY DATABASE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-37, 12-43
multiplexed
control files, 2-20
redo log files, 2-9
multiplexed backup sets, 7-22

N

NLS_DATE_FORMAT environment variable, 6-11, 9-4, 9-10
NLS_LANG environment variable, 6-11, 9-4, 9-10
NOARCHIVELOG mode
backing up, 9-2
backup options, 3-5
datafile loss in, 12-45
definition, 2-16
disadvantages, 12-9
distributed database backups, 3-6
overview, 1-7
recovery from, 12-9
strategies for backups in, 3-7
noncumulative incremental backup, 7-14
nonpartitioned global indexes
and TSPITR, 10-5, 13-5
NORESETLOGS option, 12-24 to 12-25, ?? to 12-26
ALTER DATABASE COMMAND
backing up control file, 11-11
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-53

O

object list
recover command, 8-38
objects owned by SYS
and TSPITR, 10-4, 13-4
offline backups, 3-2
OFFLINE option
ALTER TABLESPACE command, 11-9
online backups, 3-2
ONLINE option
ALTER TABLESPACE command, 11-9
online redo log, 1-5, 2-2 to 2-13, 12-48
active group, 12-47
applying during recovery, 12-4
archived group, 12-47
current group, 12-47
inactive group, 12-47
listing log files for backup, 11-2
loss of
recovery, 12-46 to 12-50
loss of active group, 12-50
loss of all members, 12-47
loss of group, 12-47
loss of mirrored members, 12-47
multiple group loss, 12-50
multiplexed, 1-5
overview, 1-5
preserving log sequence number, 12-24, 12-33
resetting
effect of, 12-24 to 12-25
procedures, 12-24 to 12-26
resetting log sequence number, 12-24, 12-33
status of members, 12-47
online redo logs
backing up, 3-9
clearing, 12-37
OPEN DATABASE
RESETLOGS option, 3-10
open database backup
fractured block detection during, 7-26
OPEN option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-52
OPEN RESETLOGS option
ALTER DATABASE command, 8-4, 12-10, 12-25, 12-29, 12-34
operating system backup, 5-2
ORA-01578 error message, 12-43
Oracle Enterprise Manager, 5-3
Oracle8 utilities
Recovery Manager, 7-2
OS utilities, 9-7

P

PARALLEL clause
RECOVER command, 12-11
parallel recovery, 12-11
Parallel Server
backups and, 9-5
threads of online redo log, 2-13
PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS initialization parameter, 12-11
parallelization, 7-20
factors affecting degree of, 7-20
partitioned tables
and dropped partitions, 13-21
and split partitions, 13-25
and TSPITR, 10-5, 13-4
performing partial TSPITR, 13-16
password file
connecting to Recovery Manager with, 6-8
connecting to Recovery Manager without, 6-7
using with Recovery Manager, 6-6
performance
checkpoint effect, 2-5
physical database structures, 1-4 to 1-7, ?? to 4-5, ?? to 6-13
point-in-time recovery
database, 4-6, 9-10
tablespace, 4-6
preface
Send Us Your Comments, xv
primary database
preparing for use, 13-16
primary databases
preparing for TSPITR, 13-12
print script command, 8-19
privileges
backing up
control files, 11-10
process failure, 1-3

Q

querying
recovery catalog, 9-12

R

read consistency
Export utility and, 11-13
read-only tablespaces
backing up, 9-2
effect on recovery, 12-44
recovering, 12-44
RECOVER AUTOMATIC LOGFILE option
ALTER DATABASE command, 12-7
RECOVER clause
ALTER DATABASE, 12-4
RECOVER command
DATABASE parameter, 12-3
DATAFILE parameter, 12-4
PARALLEL clause, 12-11
TABLESPACE parameter, 12-4
unrecoverable objects and standby databases, 12-43
recover command, 8-35, 8-38
Recovery Manager, 4-2
RECOVER DATABASE command, 12-52
RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL CANCEL statement, 12-23
RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL CHANGE statement, 12-32
RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL TIME statement, 12-28
RECOVER FROM...STANDBY DATABASE command, 12-37, 12-43
RECOVER option
STARTUP command, 12-4
recovered tablespaces
backing up, 13-16
RECOVER...FROM parameter
ALTER DATABASE comman, 12-5
recovery, 9-8
after control file damage, 12-52
after using RESETLOGS option, 3-10
applying redo logs during, 12-4
cancel-based, 4-7
procedures, 12-22
change-based, 4-7, 12-31 to 12-35
closed database, 12-3
commands, 12-11 to 12-12
Recovery Manager, 8-37
database startup, during, 12-4
datafile
guidelines for, 8-36
without backup, 12-13
distributed database, 12-2
with snapshots, 12-3
dropped table, 12-54
from media failure
examples, 12-45 to 12-54
Import utility, 11-14
interrupting, 12-9
lost control file, 12-51
media, 4-7, 12-1
complete, 4-7
control files and, 2-15
disabled, 2-16
enabled, 2-16
incomplete, 4-7
offline tablespaces in open database, 12-4
parallel processes for, 12-11
PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS parameter, 12-11
planning, 4-1 to 4-7
point-in-time, 4-6
database, 9-10
preparing for, 12-11 to 12-15
privileges required, 12-15
procedures for complete, 12-15 to 12-21
procedures for incomplete, 12-21 to 12-35
read-only tablespaces, 12-44
recover command, 9-8
restarting, 12-9
roll forward phase, 12-4
setting number of processes to use, 12-11
SQL commands for, 12-4
strategies, 4-1 to 4-7
testing, 4-6
time-based, 4-7, 12-26 to 12-30
types
distributed database system and, 12-2
unrecoverable objects and, 12-43 to 12-44
using Import utility, 11-14
when database is open, 9-8
recovery catalog, 6-2 to 6-6, 7-5, 8-2 to 8-9
backup, 6-6
complex queries using report, 9-12
connecting to Recovery Manager with, 6-8
connecting to Recovery Manager without, 6-7
definition, 4-4
deleting record, 8-7
installing, 8-2
log switch record, 8-6
operating without, 7-7
querying, 8-12, 9-11
recovery of lost or damaged, 8-9
registering databases, 8-2, 8-3
resynchronizing, 6-6, 8-4
schema, 6-2
setting up, 6-5
space requirements for, 6-3
updating, 8-4
after schema changes, 8-5
Recovery Manager, 5-2, 8-19
backup
fractured block detection, 7-26
scenario, 8-27
backup types, 7-10
command file, 6-10
commands
allocate channel, 8-10, 8-28, 8-36
allocate channel for delete, 8-7, 9-8
backup, 8-21, 9-7
catalog, 8-2, 8-8
change, 8-6, 8-7
change...delete, 8-8
copy, 8-28
delete script, 8-19
execute script, 8-19
list, 8-12, 9-11
list backupset, 8-18
list copy, 8-18
list incarnation of database, 8-4
print script, 8-19
recover, 8-35, 9-8
register database, 8-3
release channel, 8-11
replace script, 8-19
replicate, 8-31
report deletable, 8-15
report need backup, 8-13
report need backup days, 8-14
report schema, 8-16
report unrecoverable, 8-14
reset database, 8-4
reset database to incarnation, 8-4
restore, 9-8
resync catalog from backup controlfile, 8-9
set newname, 8-32, 8-35
setlimit channel, 8-11
switch, 8-35
connecting with password file, 6-8
connecting with recovery catalog, 6-8
connecting without password file, 6-7
connecting without recovery catalog, 6-7
connection options, 6-7
copying datafiles with, 9-5
deleting file records, 8-7
deleting files, 8-7
deleting recovery catalog record, 8-7
fractured block detection in, 7-26
general connect, 6-7
interactive use of, 6-9
introduction, 7-2
recover command, 4-2
recovery catalog, 4-4
recovery catalog required, 8-2
recovery commands, 8-37
registering databases, 8-3
resetting database information, 8-4
running commands, 6-9 to 6-11
sample scripts, 6-11
scenarios, 9-1 to 9-12
setting time parameters, 6-11
stored scripts, 6-10, 7-9
types of backups, 8-22
user tags for backups, 7-24
recovery sets, 10-3
containing whole tables, 10-4
copying to primary database, 13-15
importing into primary database, 13-15
RECOVERY_PARALLELISM initialization parameter, 12-11
redo entries
content of, 2-2
redo log
definition, 4-3
listing log files for backup, 11-2
redo log buffers
writing of, 2-2
redo log files, 1-5
"fuzzy" data in backups and, 3-9
active (current), 2-4
archived
advantages of, 2-13
automatic, 2-17
contents of, 2-15
control files and, 2-15
errors in archiving, 2-18
log switches and, 2-5
manually, 2-18
mechanics of archiving, 2-14
archived logs, 1-7
available for use, 2-3
contents of, 2-2
distributed transaction information in, 2-3
files named in control file, 2-19
groups, 2-10
inactive, 2-4
log sequence numbers of, 2-5
log switches, 2-5
log writer process, 2-3
manual archiving, 2-18
members, 2-10
mirrored
archiver process (ARCH) and, 2-14
if all inaccessible, 2-11
if some inaccessible, 2-10
log switches and, 2-10
multiplexed, 2-9
diagrammed, 2-10
purpose of, 1-5
naming, 12-5
online, 2-2
after checkpoint failure, 2-8
recovery use of, 2-2
requirement of two, 2-3
threads of, 2-13
overview, 1-5
redo entries, 2-2
redo record
definition, 4-3
redundancy option
list command, 8-15, 8-16
register database command, 8-2, 8-3
registering
archivelog, 8-2
datafile, 8-2
release channel command, 8-11
replace script command, 8-19
replicate command, 8-31
REPORT command, 7-23
report command, 9-12
days option, 8-15
device_type_list option, 8-13
incremental option, 8-14
report_object_list option, 8-13
using for complex recovery catalog queries, 9-12
REPORT DELETABLE command, 7-23
report deletable command, 8-15
report generation, 7-23
REPORT NEED BACKUP command, 7-23
report need backup command, 8-13
report need backup days command, 8-14
report schema command, 8-16
REPORT UNRECOVERABLE command, 7-23
report unrecoverable command, 8-14
report_object_list option
report command, 8-13
reports
generating, 8-12
reset database command, 8-4
reset database to incarnation command, 8-4
RESETLOGS option, 12-3, 12-24 to 12-26
ALTER DATABASE command
backing up control file, 11-11
database backups after using, 3-5
OPEN DATABASE, 3-10
recovery of database after using, 3-10
restore command, 9-8, 9-10, ?? to 9-11, ?? to 9-11
from backup operand, 8-33
from copy operand, 8-33
restore constraints, 7-26
restore destination
control file, 8-31
datafile, 8-31
restore specification, 8-34
list, 8-34
restoring, 9-8
backup file selection, 8-30
datafile
guidelines, 8-32
when database is open, 9-8
whole database backups, 12-9
restoring datafiles, 8-30
resuming recovery after interruption, 12-9
resync catalog from backup controlfile command, 8-9
resynchronizing recovery catalog, 6-6
rollback segment, 1-6
definition, 4-3
rollback segments
and TSPITR, 10-4
rolling forward, 1-5

S

scenarios
Recovery Manager, 9-1 to 9-12
schema changes
updating recovery catalog, 8-5
scripts
catrman.sql, 8-3
scripts, stored
creating, 8-19
deleting, 8-19
printing, 8-19
Send Us Your Comments
boilerplate, xv
sequence change number(SCN)
format, 12-32
sequential media
backups to, 5-5
SET AUTORECOVERY ON statement, 12-6
SET command
LOGSOURCE parameter, 12-5
set newname command, 8-30, 8-32, 8-35
Set Tablespace Offline dialog, 11-9
Set Tablespace Online dialog, 11-9
set until limit
setlimit channel command, 8-30, 8-36
setlimit channel command, 8-11
set until limit, 8-30, 8-36
setmaxcorrupt clause
backup command, 9-7
setsize parameter, 8-24
shutdown
checkpoints and, 2-6
SHUTDOWN command
ABORT option, 12-10, 12-22, 12-26, 12-52
Shutdown Database dialog box
Abort mode, 12-22, 12-26
Enterprise Manager, 12-52
Shutdown Abort mode, 12-10
skip inaccessible option
backup command, 9-7
skip offline option
backup command, 9-2, 9-7
skip read only option
backup command, 9-2
skipping tablespaces during backup, 9-2
snapshot control file, 7-9
snapshot tables
and TSPITR, 10-5, 13-4
snapshots
distributed database recovery and, 12-3
media recovery and, 12-3
SQL commands
applying log files, 12-6
for recovering tablepace, 12-6
recovery using, 4-2, 12-4
standby database, 12-35 to 12-44
activating, 12-38
control file for, 12-36
creating, 12-35, 12-36
effect of altering primary database, 12-39
maintaining, 12-36
mounting, 12-38
starting a database
recovery during, 12-4
STARTUP command
MOUNT option, 12-23, 12-27
RECOVER option, 12-4
Startup Database dialog box, 12-27
statement failure, 1-3
stored scripts, 7-9, 8-19
creating, 8-19
deleting, 8-19
printing, 8-19
Recovery Manager, 6-10
switch command, 8-35
system change number (SCN)
definition, 4-3
use in distributed recovery, 12-3
when determined, 2-2
system failure, 1-3
SYSTEM tablespace
media failure in ARCHIVELOG mode, 12-46
recovery of, 12-17
system time, changing
effect on recovery, 12-21

T

table
dropped
recovery, 12-54
tablespace option
list command, 8-17
TABLESPACE parameter
RECOVER command, 12-4
tablespace point-in-time recovery
and recovery sets containing whole tables, 10-4
introduction, 10-2, 13-2
limitations, 10-4, 13-4
performing, 10-9, 13-1 to ??, 13-7, ?? to 13-30
planning for, 10-3, 10-7, 13-3
requirements, 13-6
restrictions, 10-6, 13-5
tuning considerations, 10-10, 13-28
backup control files, 13-29
recovery set location, 13-28
tablespaces
backing up, 9-2, 9-3
backing up after TSPITR, 10-10
backing up offline, 11-8
backing up online, 11-5
backing up several online, 11-8
backups and checkpoints, 2-6
frequency of backups, 3-3
listing backup sets including datafiles from, 8-17
read-only
backing up, 9-2
effect on recovery, 12-44
recovering offline in open database, 12-4
restoring
when database is open, 9-8
skipping during backup, 9-2
tag operand
backup command, 8-23
list command, 8-18
threads
online redo log, 2-13
time format
RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL TIME statement, 12-28
time parameters, setting for Recovery Manager use, 6-11
time-based recovery, 4-7, 12-26 to 12-30
archived redo log, 12-51
coordinated in distributed database, 12-2
trace file
ARCH, 2-18
control file backups to, 11-10
log writer process and, 2-11
transactions
committing
writing redo log buffers and, 2-2
rollback, 1-6
uncommitted, 1-6
TS_PITR_CHECK view, 10-4, 13-4
TSPITR. See tablespace point-in-time recovery.
type disk operand
allocate channel command, 8-10

U

unavailable operand
change command, 8-7
uncatalog operand
change command, 8-7
unrecoverable objects
and RECOVER operation, 12-43
recovery and, 12-43 to 12-44
user errors
database failure and, 1-3
recovery from, 12-53
user tags, 7-24
user-created backup file
cataloging, 8-8
USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE parameter, 12-23, 12-32
utilities
OS, using to make copies, 9-7
Recovery Manager, 7-2

V

V$BACKUP, 11-7
V$BACKUP_CORRUPTION, 8-21
V$BACKUP_DEVICE, 9-2
V$DATAFILE, 12-4, 12-28, 12-32
listing files for backup, 11-2
V$DATAFILE_HEADER, 9-9
V$LOGFILE, 12-47
listing files for backup, 11-2
V$LONGOPS, 8-21
V$RECOVER_FILE, 12-12
views
data dictionary, 11-5
DBA_DATA_FILES, 11-5
V$BACKUP, 11-7
V$BACKUP_CORRUPTION, 8-21
V$DATAFILE, 11-2, 12-4, 12-28, 12-32
V$LOGFILE, 11-2, 12-47
V$LONGOPS, 8-21
V$RECOVERFILE, 12-12

W

warning
archiving mode for first backup, 3-8
consistency and Export backups, 11-13
whole database backups, 11-3 to 11-4
consistent, 2-22
definition, 2-21
inconsistent, 2-23
restoring from, 12-9


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