This figure shows the networking stack vertically, as follows (from top to bottom): Client Application, OCI, Two-Task Common, Oracle Net, Oracle Protocols, Network Specific Protocols, and then the connection to the Network. It shows Oracle Advanced Security horizontally, next to Oracle Net. Oracle Advanced Security encompasses three areas: Encryption (including DES, RSA, and 3DES); Authentication (including Kerberos, RADIUS, and CyberSafe); and Data Integrity (including MD5 and SHA).