Oracle9i Database Migration
Release 1 (9.0.1)

Part Number A90191-02
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Preface

This manual guides you through the process of planning and executing migrations, upgrades, and downgrades on the Oracle database system. In addition, this manual provides information about compatibility, about upgrading applications to the current release of Oracle, and about important changes in the current release, such as initialization parameter changes and data dictionary changes.

Oracle9i Database Migration contains information that describes the features and functionality of the Oracle9i (also known as the standard edition) and the Oracle9i Enterprise Edition products. Oracle9i and the Oracle9i Enterprise Edition have the same basic features. However, several advanced features are available only with the Enterprise Edition, and some of these are optional. For example, to use application failover, you must have the Enterprise Edition with the Oracle9i Real Application Clusters option.

See Also:

Oracle9i Database New Features for information about the differences between Oracle9i and the Oracle9i Enterprise Edition and the features and options that are available to you.  

This preface contains these topics:

Audience

Oracle9i Database Migration is intended for database administrators (DBAs), application developers, security administrators, system operators, and anyone who plans or executes migration, upgrade, or downgrade operations on Oracle databases.

To use this document, you need to be familiar with the following:

Organization

This document contains:

Chapter 1, "Introduction"

This chapter contains definitions for terms used throughout this manual. This chapter also provides information about running different versions and releases of Oracle on the same computer system.

Chapter 2, "Overview of Migration"

This chapter summarizes migration procedures and the responsibilities of database administrators and application developers.

Chapter 3, "Preparing to Migrate"

This chapter describes the steps to complete before migrating a database.

Chapter 4, "Migrating from Oracle7 Using the Migration Utility"

This chapter provides step-by-step instructions for using the Migration utility to migrate an Oracle7 database to Oracle9i.

Chapter 5, "Migrating from Oracle7 Using the Oracle Data Migration Assistant"

This chapter provides step-by-step instructions for using the Oracle Data Migration Assistant to migrate an Oracle7 database to Oracle9i.

Chapter 6, "Migrating Using Export/Import"

This chapter describes how to migrate a version 6 or Oracle7 database to Oracle9i using the Export and Import utilities.

Chapter 7, "Upgrading from an Older Release of Oracle to the New Oracle9i Release"

This chapter provides step-by-step instructions for performing the following actions:

Chapter 8, "After Migrating or Upgrading the Database"

This chapter describes the actions to complete after migrating or upgrading the database to the new Oracle9i release.

Chapter 9, "Compatibility and Interoperability"

This chapter contains information about compatibility and interoperability between different releases of Oracle, including detailed information about the COMPATIBLE initialization parameter. This chapter also lists the Oracle9i features that require a 9.0.0 or higher compatibility level and discusses specific issues relating to compatibility and interoperability.

Chapter 10, "Upgrading Your Applications"

This chapter provides general information about upgrading Oracle7 applications and tools for use with Oracle9i.

Chapter 11, "Migrating from Server Manager to SQL*Plus"

This chapter describes modifying your Server Manager line mode scripts for use with SQL*Plus.

Chapter 12, "Migration Issues for Physical Rowids"

This chapter covers issues associated with ROWIDs in release 8.0 and higher, including specific information about migrating columns containing ROWIDs to release 8.0 and higher.

Chapter 13, "Downgrading to Release 8.1"

This chapter provides instructions for downgrading a database from Oracle9i to release 8.1.

Chapter 14, "Removing Incompatibilities Before Downgrading to Release 8.1"

This chapter provides instructions for removing incompatibilities before downgrading to release 8.1.

Chapter 15, "Downgrading to an Older Release of Oracle"

This chapter provides instructions for downgrading a database from Oracle9i to Oracle7 or release 8.0.

Appendix A, "Troubleshooting Migration Problems"

This appendix describes common migration problems and the actions required to correct these problems. In addition, this appendix lists the messages displayed by the Migration utility, and includes an explanation of each message. If the message is an error message, then this appendix discusses probable causes of the error, and suggests corrective action for the error.

Appendix B, "Changes to Initialization Parameters"

This appendix lists initialization parameters that are important for migration. Specifically, this appendix describes initialization parameters that have been added, renamed, or obsoleted in version 8 and Oracle9i. In addition, this appendix describes compatibility issues relating to specific initialization parameters.

Appendix C, "Changes to Static Data Dictionary Views"

This appendix lists static data dictionary views that have been added, changed, or obsoleted in version 8 and Oracle9i. This appendix also lists static data dictionary views with added columns, dropped columns, and renamed columns. In addition, this appendix lists columns in static data dictionary views that may return NULLs in release 8.1 but did not return NULLs in release 8.0 and earlier.

Appendix D, "Changes to Dynamic Performance Views"

This appendix lists dynamic performance views (V$ views) that have been added, changed, or obsoleted in version 8 and Oracle9i. This appendix also lists dynamic performance views with added columns and dropped columns.

Appendix E, "New Internal Datatypes and SQL Functions"

This appendix lists new internal datatypes and SQL functions.

Appendix F, "Migration and Compatibility for Oracle Net Services"

This appendix discusses considerations for migrating SQL*Net from Oracle7 to Oracle9i. This appendix also discusses considerations for upgrading SQL*Net or Oracle Net from version 8 to Oracle9i.

Appendix G, "Migration and Compatibility for Replication Environments"

This appendix provides step-by-step instructions for migrating an Oracle replication system on an Oracle7 database to Oracle9i. This appendix also discusses compatibility issues between different versions of Oracle replication.

Related Documentation

For more information, see these Oracle resources:

Many of the examples in this book use the sample schemas of the seed database, which is installed by default when you install Oracle. Refer to Oracle9i Sample Schemas for information on how these schemas were created and how you can use them yourself.

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Conventions

This section describes the conventions used in the text and code examples of this documentation set. It describes:

Conventions in Text

We use various conventions in text to help you more quickly identify special terms. The following table describes those conventions and provides examples of their use.

Convention  Meaning  Example 

Bold 

Bold typeface indicates terms that are defined in the text or terms that appear in a glossary, or both. 

When you specify this clause, you create an index-organized table.  

Italics 

Italic typeface indicates book titles or emphasis. 

Oracle9i Database Concepts

Ensure that the recovery catalog and target database do not reside on the same disk. 

UPPERCASE monospace (fixed-width font) 

Uppercase monospace typeface indicates elements supplied by the system. Such elements include parameters, privileges, datatypes, RMAN keywords, SQL keywords, SQL*Plus or utility commands, packages and methods, as well as system-supplied column names, database objects and structures, usernames, and roles. 

You can specify this clause only for a NUMBER column.

You can back up the database by using the BACKUP command.

Query the TABLE_NAME column in the USER_TABLES data dictionary view.

Use the DBMS_STATS.GENERATE_STATS procedure. 

lowercase monospace (fixed-width font) 

Lowercase monospace typeface indicates executables, filenames, directory names, and sample user-supplied elements. Such elements include computer and database names, net service names, and connect identifiers, as well as user-supplied database objects and structures, column names, packages and classes, usernames and roles, program units, and parameter values.

Note: Some programmatic elements use a mixture of UPPERCASE and lowercase. Enter these elements as shown. 

Enter sqlplus to open SQL*Plus.

The password is specified in the orapwd file.

Back up the datafiles and control files in the /disk1/oracle/dbs directory.

The department_id, department_name, and location_id columns are in the hr.departments table.

Set the QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED initialization parameter to true.

Connect as oe user.

The JRepUtil class implements these methods. 

lowercase monospace (fixed-width font) italic 

Lowercase monospace italic font represents placeholders or variables. 

You can specify the parallel_clause.

Run Uold_release.SQL where old_release refers to the release you installed prior to upgrading. 

Conventions in Code Examples

Code examples illustrate SQL, PL/SQL, SQL*Plus, or other command-line statements. They are displayed in a monospace (fixed-width) font and separated from normal text as shown in this example:

SELECT username FROM dba_users WHERE username = 'MIGRATE';

The following table describes typographic conventions used in code examples and provides examples of their use.

Convention  Meaning  Example 

[ ] 

Brackets enclose one or more optional items. Do not enter the brackets. 

DECIMAL (digits [ , precision ]) 

{ } 

Braces enclose two or more items, one of which is required. Do not enter the braces. 

{ENABLE | DISABLE} 

A vertical bar represents a choice of two or more options within brackets or braces. Enter one of the options. Do not enter the vertical bar. 

{ENABLE | DISABLE}

[COMPRESS | NOCOMPRESS] 

... 

Horizontal ellipsis points indicate either:

  • That we have omitted parts of the code that are not directly related to the example

  • That you can repeat a portion of the code

 

CREATE TABLE ... AS subquery;

SELECT col1, col2, ... , coln FROM employees; 

.

.

Vertical ellipsis points indicate that we have omitted several lines of code not directly related to the example. 

 

Other notation 

You must enter symbols other than brackets, braces, vertical bars, and ellipsis points as shown. 

acctbal NUMBER(11,2);

acct CONSTANT NUMBER(4) := 3; 

Italics 

Italicized text indicates placeholders or variables for which you must supply particular values. 

CONNECT SYSTEM/system_password

DB_NAME = database_name 

UPPERCASE 

Uppercase typeface indicates elements supplied by the system. We show these terms in uppercase in order to distinguish them from terms you define. Unless terms appear in brackets, enter them in the order and with the spelling shown. However, because these terms are not case sensitive, you can enter them in lowercase. 

SELECT last_name, employee_id FROM employees;

SELECT * FROM USER_TABLES;

DROP TABLE hr.employees; 

lowercase 

Lowercase typeface indicates programmatic elements that you supply. For example, lowercase indicates names of tables, columns, or files.

Note: Some programmatic elements use a mixture of UPPERCASE and lowercase. Enter these elements as shown. 

SELECT last_name, employee_id FROM employees;

sqlplus hr/hr

CREATE USER mjones IDENTIFIED BY ty3MU9; 

Documentation Accessibility

Oracle's goal is to make our products, services, and supporting documentation accessible to the disabled community with good usability. To that end, our documentation includes features that make information available to users of assistive technology. This documentation is available in HTML format, and contains markup to facilitate access by the disabled community. Standards will continue to evolve over time, and Oracle is actively engaged with other market-leading technology vendors to address technical obstacles so that our documentation can be accessible to all of our customers. For additional information, visit the Oracle Accessibility Program Web site at

http://www.oracle.com/accessibility/

JAWS, a Windows screen reader, may not always correctly read the code examples in this document. The conventions for writing code require that closing braces should appear on an otherwise empty line; however, JAWS may not always read a line of text that consists solely of a bracket or brace.


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