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Oracle9i Backup and Recovery Concepts
Release 2 (9.2)

Part Number A96519-01
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Index

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  L  M  N  O  P  R  S  T  U  V  W 


A

ABORT option
SHUTDOWN statement, 2-8
aborting an instance, 1-7
ALTER DATABASE statement
BACKUP CONTROLFILE clause, 2-11
ALTER SYSTEM statement
ARCHIVE ALL option
using to archive online redo logs, 2-10
dynamic parameters
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES, 1-14
archived redo logs, 1-10, 1-12
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE ALL statement, 2-10
backups, 2-7
enabling, 1-12
manual archiving, 1-14
ARCHIVELOG mode, 1-12
archiver process (ARCn) and, 1-12
backup strategies when using, 4-5
defined, 1-12
distributed databases, 4-10
strategies for backups in, 4-5
archiver process (ARCn)
example, 1-12
not used for manual archiving, 1-15
trace file, 1-14
archiving
after inconsistent closed backups, 2-10
after online backups, 2-10
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE ALL statement, 2-10
manual, 1-14
archiving modes, 1-11
automatic undo management mode, 3-6
avoiding dangerous backup techniques, 4-10

B

backup and recovery
definition, 1-2
backup and recovery solutions, 1-15
BACKUP command, 2-12
BACKUP CONTROLFILE clause
ALTER DATABASE statement, 2-11
backup methods, 1-16
comparison, 1-16
feature comparison, 1-16
backup mode, 2-11
backups
after OPEN RESETLOGS option, 4-8
after structural changes to database, 4-7
archived redo log, 2-7
ARCHIVELOG mode in, 4-5
choosing a strategy, 4-4 to  4-11
consistent
whole database, 2-8
control file, 2-6
datafile, 2-6
definition, 1-2
distributed databases, 4-9
ARCHIVELOG mode, 4-10
NOARCHIVELOG mode, 4-10
Export utility, 4-10
frequency, 4-6
golden rule, 4-2
guidelines, 4-2 to  4-13
distributed database constraints, 4-9
Export utility, 4-10
frequency, 4-6
often-used tablespaces, 4-7
storing old backups, 4-9
structural changes, 4-7
testing strategies, 4-13
unrecoverable objects, 4-8
whole database backups after OPEN RESETLOGS, 4-8
inconsistent
closed database, 2-9
in NOARCHIVELOG mode, 2-9
whole database, 2-9
logical, 2-2
definition, 1-2
methods
feature comparison, 1-16
NOARCHIVELOG mode, in, 4-5
offline, 4-6
offline datafiles, 2-12
offline tablespaces, 2-12
online, 4-6
online datafiles, 2-11
online redo logs, 4-10
online tablespaces, 2-11
physical, 2-2
definition, 1-2
planning before database creation, 4-2
records of, 4-12
Recovery Manager, 2-12
storing, 4-9
tablespace, 4-7
techniques to avoid, 4-10
test strategies, 4-13
user-managed, 2-13
whole database, 2-3

C

cache recovery
definition, 1-7
checkpoints
advancing, Glossary-1
closed backups, 2-9
cold backups, 2-9
complete recovery, 3-7
definition, 3-7
consistent backups
whole database, 2-8
control files
backups, 2-6
overview, 1-11
crash recovery, 1-3
after instance failure, 1-3
definition, 1-3
instance failure, 1-3
overview, 3-2
read-only tablespaces, 1-6

D

data structures
involved in recovery, 1-9
database structures
redo log files, 1-9
database writer process (DBWn)
media failure, 1-6
trace file, 1-6
databases
closing
aborting the instance, 1-7
incarnations, 3-8
modes of archiving, 1-11
structures
redo log files, 1-9
datafiles
backing up, 2-6
offline backups, 2-12
online backups, 2-11
read-only
recovery, 1-6
dead transactions, 1-7
disk failures, 1-4
distributed databases
backups, 4-9
taking backups, 4-9

E

Export utility
backups, 4-10

F

failures
archiving redo log files, 1-14
database buffers and, 3-5
described, 1-4
instance, 1-7
recovery from, 1-3
media, 1-4
network, 1-9
safeguards provided, 1-9
statement and process, 1-8
See also recovery
fast-start
rollback on demand, 3-6

G

golden rule
of backup and recovery, 4-2
guidelines
backups
distributed database constraints, 4-9
Export utility, 4-10
frequency, 4-6
often-used tablespaces, 4-7
storing old backups, 4-9
structural changes, 4-7
testing strategies, 4-13
unrecoverable operations, 4-8
whole database backups after OPEN RESETLOGS, 4-8

H

hardware configuration
keeping records of, 4-12
hot backups
inconsistent whole database backups, 2-9

I

incarnations
of databases, 3-8
incomplete media recovery
definition, 3-8
incomplete recovery, 3-8
inconsistent backups
whole database
definition, 2-9
initialization parameters
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES, 1-13
LOG_ARCHIVE_START, 1-13
instance failures, 1-7
instance recovery, 1-3
definition, 1-3
instance failure, 1-3
overview, 3-2
read-only tablespaces, 1-6
instances
aborting, 1-7
failure in, 1-7
recovery of, 1-3

L

log entries, 3-5
log writer process (LGWR)
archiving modes, 1-11
manual archiving and, 1-14
LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES parameter
automatic archiving, 1-13
LOG_ARCHIVE_START initialization parameter, 1-13
LOG_ARCHIVE_START parameter, 1-13
logical backups, 1-2
overview, 2-2

M

manual undo management mode, 3-6
media failures
overview, 1-4
media recovery
basic concepts, 1-2
complete, 3-7
definition, 1-2
incomplete, 3-8
definition, 3-8
methods, 3-9
options, 3-9
overview, 3-3, 3-7
using Recovery Manager, 3-9
using SQL*Plus, 3-10
modes
archive log, 1-11
multiplexing
recovery and, 1-5

N

network failures, 1-9
networks
failures of, 1-9
NOARCHIVELOG mode, 1-11
distributed database backups, 4-10
inconsistent closed backups in, 2-10
strategies for backups in, 4-5

O

offline backups, 4-6
online backups, 4-6
online redo logs, 1-9
archiving, 1-12
backing up, 4-10
media failure, 1-5
multiplexed, 1-5
unintentional restore of, 4-11

P

performing backups after unrecoverable operations, 4-8
physical backups, 1-2
overview, 2-2
physical database structures
redo log files, 1-9
point of recoverability
recovery window, Glossary-32
process failures, 1-8
process monitor process (PMON)
network failure, 1-9
process failure, 1-8
processes
failure in, 1-8
user
manual archiving by, 1-15

R

recovery
basic concepts, 1-2
basic steps, 3-6
complete, 3-7
crash, 3-2
crash recovery, 1-3
read-only tablespaces, 1-6
data structures used in, 1-9
database buffers and, 3-5
dead transactions, 1-7
failures requiring, 1-4
incomplete, 3-8
instance, 3-2
instance recovery, 1-3
instance failure, 1-3
read-only tablespaces, 1-6
media, 3-3
media recovery
enabled or disabled, 1-11
methods, 3-9
overview of, 3-5
process recovery, 1-8
rolling back transactions, 3-6
rolling forward, 3-5
statement failure, 1-8
tablespace
point-in-time, 3-8
transaction, 3-6
types, 3-2, 3-9
using Recovery Manager, 3-9
using SQL*Plus, 3-10
Recovery Manager
backups, 2-12
redo logs, 1-9, 3-5
"fuzzy" data in backups and, 4-6
archived, 1-12
errors in archiving, 1-14
manually, 1-14
archiving modes, 1-11
committed data, 3-5
entries, 3-5
rolling forward, 3-5
instance failure, 1-7
rolling forward and, 3-5
uncommitted data, 3-5
redo records
how Oracle applies, 3-4
RESETLOGS option
ALTER DATABASE statement
database backups after using, 4-8
restoring
backups
of online redo logs, 4-11
rollback segments, 1-10
overview of, 1-10
parallel recovery, 3-6
partly available, 1-7
use of in recovery, 3-6
rolling back, 3-6
definition, 1-4
rolling forward
definition, 1-4
rolling forward during recovery, 3-5

S

SHUTDOWN ABORT statement
consistent whole database backups, 2-8
crash recovery required, 1-7
software configuration
keeping records of, 4-12
SQL statements
failure in, 1-8
startup
recovery during, 1-3
STARTUP FORCE statement
crash recovery required, 1-7
strategies
backup, 4-4 to  4-11
ARCHIVELOG mode, 4-5
NOARCHIVELOG mode, 4-5
structures
physical
redo log files, 1-9
system monitor process (SMON)
instance recovery, 1-7
rolling back transactions, 3-7
SYSTEM tablespace
media failure, 1-6

T

tablespace point-in-time recovery, 3-8
tablespaces
backing up, 4-7
frequency, 4-7
offline backups, 2-12
online backups, 2-11
recovery, 3-8
testing
backup strategies, 4-13
trace files
ARCn trace file, 1-14
DBWn trace file, 1-6
transaction recovery, 3-6
definition, 1-7
transactions
dead, 1-7
recovery, 1-7

U

undo blocks, 1-10
undo tablespaces, 1-10
unrecoverable operations
performing backups after, 4-8
user errors, 1-6
user processes
manual archiving by, 1-15
user-managed backups, 2-13

V

V$RECOVER_FILE view, 3-9
determining which files to recover, 4-14

W

warning
archiving mode for first backup, 4-5
whole database backups
consistent, 2-8
using SHUTDOWN ABORT statement, 2-8
definition, 2-3
inconsistent, 2-9

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