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Oracle® Enterprise Manager Administration
10
g
Release 5 (10.2.0.5)
Part Number E14586-03
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Contents
List of Examples
List of Figures
List of Tables
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Related Documents
Conventions
Part I Basic Administration
1
Monitoring
Systems Monitoring: Breadth and Depth
Monitoring Basics
Out-of-Box Monitoring
Metric Thresholds
Alerts
Notifications
Customizing Notifications
Corrective Actions
Blackouts
Monitoring Templates
User-Defined Metrics
Accessing Monitoring Information
2
Setting Up Enterprise Manager
Grid Control Setup
Roles
Administrators
Super Administrator Account
Administrator Account
Notification Methods
Patching Setup
Blackouts
Registration Passwords
Management Pack Access
Monitoring Templates
Corrective Action Library
Management Plug-ins
Client System Analyzer in Grid Control
Grid Control Preferences
General
Preferred Credentials
Notification
Notification Rules
Notification Schedule
Target Subtabs
3
Enterprise Manager Security
About Oracle Enterprise Manager Security
Enterprise Manager Authentication
Repository-Based Authentication
Single Sign-On Based Authentication
Configuring Enterprise Manager to Use the Single Sign-On Logon Page
Registering HTTP Port With Single Sign On Server
Configuring Enterprise Manager to Use Single Sign-On with the osso.conf File
Registering Single Sign-On Users as Enterprise Manager Administrators
Grid Control as a Single Sign-On Partner Application
Bypassing the Single Sign-On Logon Page
Enterprise User Security Based Authentication
Registering Enterprise Users as Enterprise Manager Users
Enterprise Manager Authorization
Classes of Users
Leveraging Oracle Application Server Security Services
Privileges and Roles
Granting Privileges
Configuring Security for Grid Control
About Enterprise Manager Framework Security
Overview of the Steps Required to Enable Enterprise Manager Framework Security
Enabling Security for the Oracle Management Service
Checking the Security Status
Enabling Security for the Oracle Management Agent
Enabling Security with Multiple Management Service Installations
Restricting HTTP Access to the Management Service
Managing Agent Registration Passwords
Using the Grid Control Console to Manage Agent Registration Passwords
Using emctl to Add a New Agent Registration Password
Enabling Security with a Server Load Balancer
Enabling Security for the Management Repository Database
About Oracle Advanced Security and the sqlnet.ora Configuration File
Configuring the Management Service to Connect to a Secure Management Repository Database
Enabling Oracle Advanced Security for the Management Repository
Enabling Security for a Management Agent Monitoring a Secure Management Repository or Database
Configuring Third Party Certificates
Configuring Third Party Certificate for HTTPS Upload Virtual Host
Configuring Third Party Certificate for HTTPS Apache Virtual Host
Configuring Security for the Database Control
Accessing Managed Targets
Credential Subsystem
Managing Credentials Using EMCLI
Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) Support for Hosts
Configuring PAM for RHEL4 Users
Configuring PAM for AIX Users
Sudo and PowerBroker Support
Creating a Privilege Delegation Setting
Cryptographic Support
Configuring the emkey
Generating the emkey
emctl Commands
emctl status emkey
emctl config emkey -repos
emctl config emkey -emkeyfile
emctl config emkey -emkey
emctl config emkey -remove_from_repos
emctl config emkey -copy_to_repos
Install and Upgrade Scenarios
Installing the Management Repository
Installing the First Oracle Management Service
Installing Additional Oracle Management Service
Upgrading from 10.1 to 10.2
Recreating the Management Repository
Setting Up the Auditing System for Enterprise Manager
Configuring the Enterprise Manager Audit System
Enabling and Disabling Auditing Using emcli Commands
Enabling and Disabling Auditing Using PL/SQL
Configuring the Audit Data Export Service
Searching the Audit Data
Operation Codes
Additional Security Considerations
Changing the SYSMAN and MGMT_VIEW Passwords
Changing the SYSMAN User Password
Changing the MGMT_VIEW User Password
Responding to Browser-Specific Security Certificate Alerts
Responding to the Internet Explorer Security Alert Dialog Box
Responding to the Netscape Navigator New Site Certificate Dialog Box
Preventing the Display of the Internet Explorer Security Information Dialog Box
Configuring Beacons to Monitor Web Applications Over HTTPS
Using ORACLE _HOME Credentials
Patching Oracle Homes When the User is Locked
Cloning Oracle Homes
4
Notifications
Setting Up Notifications
Setting Up a Mail Server for Notifications
Setting Up Repeat Notifications
Setting Up E-mail for Yourself
Defining E-mail Addresses
Setting Up a Notification Schedule
Subscribe to Receive E-mail for Notification Rules
Setting Up E-mail for Other Administrators
E-mail Customization
E-mail Customization Reference
Extending Notification Beyond E-mail
Custom Notification Methods Using Scripts and SNMP Traps
Adding a Notification Method based on an OS Command or Script
Adding a Notification Method Based on a PL/SQL Procedure
Adding a Notification Method Based on an SNMP Trap
Passing Corrective Action Status Change Information
Passing Corrective Action Execution Status to an OS Command or Script
Passing Corrective Action Execution Status to a PLSQL Procedure
Passing Job Execution Status Information
Passing Job Execution Status to a PLSQL Procedure
Passing Job Execution Status to an OS Command or Script
Passing User-Defined Target Properties to Notification Methods
Assigning Methods to Rules
Assigning Rules to Methods
Notification Coverage
Management Information Base (MIB)
About MIBs
Reading the MIB Variable Descriptions
Variable Name
MIB Definition
Troubleshooting Notifications
General Setup
Notification System Errors
Notification System Trace Messages
E-mail Errors
OS Command Errors
SNMP Trap Errors
PL/SQL Errors
5
User-Defined Metrics
Extending Monitoring Capability
Creating OS-Based User-Defined Metrics
Create Your OS Monitoring Script
Code to check the status of monitored objects
Code to return script results to Enterprise Manager
Script Runtime Environment
Register the Script as a User-Defined Metric
OS-Based User-Defined Metric Example
Creating a SQL-Based User-Defined Metric
SQL-Based User-Defined Metric Examples
Example 1: Query Returning Tablespace Name and Percent Used
Example 2: Query Returning Segment Name/Type and Extent Count
Example 3: Embed a Long SQL statement in a PL/SQL Routine
Notifications, Corrective Actions, and Monitoring Templates
Getting Notifications for User-Defined Metrics
Setting Corrective Actions for User-Defined Metrics
Deploying User-Defined Metrics Across Many Targets Using Monitoring Templates
Deleting User-Defined Metrics Across Many Targets Using Monitoring Templates
Changing User-Defined Metric Credentials
6
Group Management
Introduction to Groups
Managing Groups
Group Home Page
Group Charts Page
Group Administration Page
Group Members Page
System Dashboard
Out-of-Box Reports
Redundancy Groups
7
Job System
What Is a Job?
What Are Job Executions and Job Runs?
Differences Between Job Executions and Job Runs
Using and Defining Jobs
Analyzing Job Activity
Jobs and Groups
Sharing Job Responsibilities
Job Library
Job Notifications
Multitask Jobs
8
Starting and Stopping Enterprise Manager Components
Controlling the Oracle Management Agent
Starting, Stopping, and Checking the Status of the Management Agent on UNIX
Starting and Stopping the Management Agent on Windows
Checking the Status of the Management Agent on Windows
Controlling the Oracle Management Service
Controlling the Management Service on UNIX
Using OPMN to Start and Stop the Management Service
Using emctl to Start, Stop, and Check the Status of the Oracle Management Service
Starting and Stopping Oracle Application Server Web Cache
Controlling the Management Service on Windows
Controlling the Application Server Control
Starting and Stopping the Application Server Control on UNIX
Starting and Stopping the Application Server Control on Windows
Controlling the Database Control on UNIX
Starting the Database Control on UNIX
Stopping the Database Control on UNIX
Starting and Stopping the Database Control on Windows
Guidelines for Starting Multiple Enterprise Manager Components on a Single Host
Starting and Stopping Oracle Enterprise Manager 10
g
Grid Control
Starting Grid Control and All Its Components
Stopping Grid Control and All Its Components
Additional Management Agent Commands
Uploading and Reloading Data to the Management Repository
Specifying New Target Monitoring Credentials
Using the Grid Control console to Modify the Monitoring Credentials
Using the Enterprise Manager Command Line to Modify the Monitoring Credentials
Listing the Targets on a Managed Host
Controlling Blackouts
Changing the Management Agent Time Zone
Reevaluating Metric Collections
emctl Commands
Using emctl.log File
9
Backup, Recovery, and Disaster Recovery
Backup and Recovery of Enterprise Manager
Repository Backup and Recovery
Repository Backup
Repository Recovery
Recovery Scenarios
Full Recovery on the Same Host
Incomplete Recovery on the Same Host
Full Recovery on a Different Host
Incomplete Recovery on a Different Host
OMS Backup and Recovery
Backing Up the OMS
Recovering the OMS
OMS Recovery Scenarios
Single OMS with No Server Load Balancer (SLB). OMS Restored on the same Host
Single OMS, No SLB, OMS Restored on a Different Host
Multiple OMS, Server Load Balancer configured, OMS restored on the same host
Multiple OMS, Server Load Balancer configured, OMS restored on a different host
Agent Backup and Recovery
Backing Up Agents
Recovering Agents
Agent Recovery Scenarios
Agent reinstall, same port.
Agent restore from filesystem backup
Recovering from a Compound OMS-Repository Failure
Collapsed configuration, recovery on the same host, incomplete recovery of repository
Distributed configuration, Multi-OMS with SLB, recovery on different hosts, incomplete recovery of repository
EMCTL High Availability Commands
10
Information Publisher
About Information Publisher
Out-of-Box Report Definitions
Custom Reports
Creating Custom Reports
Report Parameters
Report Elements
Scheduling Reports
Flexible Schedules
Storing and Purging Report Copies
E-mailing Reports
Sharing Reports
11
Sizing Your Enterprise Manager Deployment
Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control Architecture Overview
Enterprise Manager Grid Control Sizing and Performance Methodology
Step 1: Choosing a Starting Platform Grid Control Deployment
Network Topology Considerations
Step 2: Periodically Evaluate the Vital Signs of Your Site
Step 3: Use DBA and Enterprise Manager Tasks To Eliminate Bottlenecks Through Housekeeping
Online Weekly Tasks
Offline Monthly Tasks
Step 4: Eliminate Bottlenecks Through Tuning
High CPU Utilization
Loader Vital Signs
Rollup Vital Signs
Job, Notification, and Alert Vital Signs
I/O Vital Signs
The Oracle Enterprise Manager Performance Page
Step 5: Extrapolating Linearly Into the Future for Sizing Requirements
Oracle Enterprise Manager Backup, Recovery, and Disaster Recovery Considerations
Best Practices for Backup
Best Practices for Recovery
Recovering the Management Repository
Recovering the Oracle Management Service
Recovering the Oracle Management Agent
Best Practice for Disaster Recovery (DR)
Management Repository
Oracle Management Service
Management Agent
12
Maintaining and Troubleshooting the Management Repository
Management Repository Deployment Guidelines
Management Repository Data Retention Policies
Management Repository Default Aggregation and Purging Policies
Management Repository Default Aggregation and Purging Policies for Other Management Data
Modifying the Default Aggregation and Purging Policies
Modifying Data Retention Policies When Targets Are Deleted
How to Modify the Retention Period of Job History
Changing the SYSMAN Password
Overview of the MGMT_VIEW User
Dropping and Recreating the Management Repository
Dropping the Management Repository
Recreating the Management Repository
Using the RepManager Script to Create the Management Repository
Using a Connect Descriptor to Identify the Management Repository Database
Troubleshooting Management Repository Creation Errors
Package Body Does Not Exist Error While Creating the Management Repository
Server Connection Hung Error While Creating the Management Repository
General Troubleshooting Techniques for Creating the Management Repository
Cross Platform Enterprise Manager Repository Migration
Common Prerequisites
Methodologies
Cross Platform Transportable Tablespaces
Data Pump
Export/Import
Post Migration Verification
Improving the Login Performance of the Console Home Page
Part II Advanced Topics
13
Managing Compliance
Compliance Overview
Compliance Management
Accessing Compliance Management Pages in Grid Control
Investigating Compliance Violations
Assessing Security
Viewing Compliance Evaluation Results
Compliance Violations Reports
Setting Up Compliance Evaluations
Scheduling an Evaluation
Out-of-Box Policies and Policy Groups
Customizing Policies
Defining Corrective Actions
Using Templates for Monitoring
Policy Groups
Secure Configuration for Oracle Database
Secure Configuration for Oracle Real Application Cluster
Secure Configuration for Oracle Listener
14
Configuring Services
Summary of Service Management Tasks
Setting up the System
Creating a Service
Configuring a Service
Availability Definition
Performance Metrics
Usage Metrics
Business Metrics
Service Tests and Beacons
Configuring the Beacons
Configuring Windows Beacons for Web Transaction (Browser) Playback
Root Cause Analysis Configuration
Getting the Most From Root Cause Analysis
Recording Web Transactions
Monitoring Settings
Configuring Aggregate Services
Configuring End-User Performance Monitoring
Configuring End-User Performance Monitoring Using Oracle HTTP Server Based on Apache 2.0 or Apache HTTP Server 2.0
Setting up the Third Party Apache Server
Configuring End-User Performance Monitoring Using Oracle Application Server Web Cache
Configuring Oracle Application Server Web Cache 10.1.2
Configuring Oracle Application Server Web Cache 9.0.4
Configuring End-User Performance Monitoring Using Earlier Versions of Oracle Application Server Web Cache
Configuring End-User Performance Monitoring Using Standalone Oracle Application Server Web Cache
Configuring End-User Performance Monitoring for Web Page Extensions
Configuring End-User Performance Monitoring for Web Pages Having the Same URI
Starting and Stopping End-User Performance Monitoring
Verifying and Troubleshooting End-User Performance Monitoring
Enabling End-User Performance Monitoring for Third-Party Application Servers
Managing Forms Applications
Recording and Monitoring Forms Transactions
Setting the Permissions of the .java.policy File
Using a Trusted Enterprise Manager Certificate
Adding a Forms Certificate to the Enterprise Manager Agent
Configuring the Forms Server
Installing the Transaction Recorder to Record and Play Back Forms Transactions
Monitoring the End-User Performance of Forms Applications
Configuring the Forms Server for End-User Performance Monitoring
Configuring the OracleAS Web Cache
Configuring the Oracle HTTP Server / Apache HTTP Server
Starting and Stopping End-User Performance Monitoring
Configuring OC4J for Request Performance Diagnostics
Selecting OC4J Targets for Request Performance Diagnostics
Configuring Interactive Transaction Tracing
Configuring OC4J Tracing for Request Performance Data
Additional Configuration for Monitoring UIX Applications
Setting Up Monitoring Templates
Configuring Service Tests and Beacons
Configuring Service Levels
Defining Service Level Rules
Viewing Service Level Details
Configuring a Service Using the Command Line Interface
Troubleshooting Service Tests
Verifying and Troubleshooting Forms Transactions
Troubleshooting Forms Transaction Playback
Troubleshooting Forms Transaction Recording
Troubleshooting End-User Performance of Forms Transactions
Verifying and Troubleshooting Web Transactions
15
Extending Enterprise Manager
Benefits of Extending Enterprise Manager
Developing Management Plug-ins
About the Oracle Management Agent
Designing your Management Plug-in
Developing Your Management Plug-in
Validating the Plug-in
Packaging the Plug-in
Deploying the Management Plug-in
Management Plug-in User Interface
Enhancing Default Target Home Pages with Real-Time Reports
Index
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