| Oracle® Application Server Installation Guide 10g (10.1.4.0.1) for HP-UX Itanium Part Number B32100-01 |
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View PDF |
| Oracle® Application Server Installation Guide 10g (10.1.4.0.1) for HP-UX Itanium Part Number B32100-01 |
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View PDF |
Before installing Oracle Application Server, ensure that your computer meets the requirements described in this chapter.
Table 2-1 Sections in This Chapter
| Section | Highlights |
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Describes how to find the most current requirements for Oracle Application Server 10g (10.1.4.0.1). |
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Section 2.2, "System Requirements" |
Lists requirements such as supported processor speed, memory, disk space, and swap space. |
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Section 2.3, "Software Requirements" |
Lists requirements such as supported operating systems, operating system patches, software packages, and Linux x86-64 certification informations. |
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Section 2.4, "Kernel Parameters" |
Lists required values for kernel parameters. |
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Describes how to configure components to use ports other than the default ports. |
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Section 2.6, "Operating System Groups" |
Describes why the operating system user who installs Oracle Application Server should belong to certain operating system groups. |
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Section 2.7, "Operating System User" |
Describes why you should create an operating system user to install Oracle Application Server. |
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Section 2.8, "Environment Variables" |
Describes how to set or unset environment variables required for installation. |
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Section 2.9, "The /etc/hosts File" |
Describes how the installer uses the information in the |
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Section 2.10, "Network Topics" |
Describes network issues such as installing Oracle Application Server on a remote computer, using a remote CD-ROM/DVD-ROM drive, or installing from a hard disk. |
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Section 2.11, "Prerequisite Checks Performed by the Installer" |
Lists the items checked by the installer, such as length of the Oracle home name and whether or not the Oracle home directory already contains another Oracle product. |
The Oracle Application Server 10g (10.1.4.0.1) hardware and software requirements included in this guide were accurate at the time this manual was released to manufacturing. For the most up-to-date information about hardware and software requirements, refer to OracleMetaLink:
http://metalink.oracle.com/
After logging into OracleMetaLink, click Certify. From the resulting Web page, you can view the latest certifications by product, platform, and product availability.
Table 2-2 lists the system requirements for running Oracle Application Server. The installer checks many of these requirements at the start of the installation process and warns you if any of them is not met. To save time, you can manually check only the ones that are not checked by the installer. Refer to Table 2-2 to see which requirements are not checked by the installer.
You can also run the system checks performed by the installer without doing an installation, by running the runInstaller command as shown. The runInstaller command is on the Oracle Application Server CD-ROM (Disk 1) or DVD-ROM (in the application_server directory).
prompt> mount_point/1014disk1/runInstaller -executeSysPrereqs
DVD-ROM:
prompt> mount_point/application_server/runInstaller -executeSysPrereqs
The results are displayed on the screen as well as written to a log file. For more information on the types of checks performed, see Section 2.11, "Prerequisite Checks Performed by the Installer".
Table 2-2 System Requirements
| Item | Requirement |
|---|---|
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HP-UX 11i Version 2 (11.23) Itanium or higher See Section 2.3, "Software Requirements" for a list of required patches. Checked by Installer: Yes |
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You can install Oracle Application Server on a computer that is connected to a network, or on a "standalone" computer (not connected to the network). If you are installing Oracle Application Server on a standalone computer, you can connect the computer to a network after installation. You have to perform some configuration tasks when you connect it to the network; see theOracle Application Server Administrator's Guide for details. Checked by Installer: No |
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The computer's IP address must be static. Oracle Application Server does not support HP-UX systems using DHCP. Oracle Application Server supports DHCP computers on Linux and Microsoft Windows. Checked by Installer: No |
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Ensure that your hostnames are not longer than 255 characters. Checked by Installer: No |
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64-bit HP-UX Itanium processor To determine the processor type, run the following command: prompt> /usr/bin/getconf KERNEL_BITS
Checked by Installer: No |
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400 MHz or faster Checked by Installer: Yes |
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The memory requirements provided for the various installation types represents enough physical memory to install and run Oracle Application Server. However, for most production sites, you should configure at least 1 GB of physical memory. For sites with substantial traffic, increasing the amount of memory further may improve your performance. For Java applications, you should either increase the maximum heap allocated to the OC4J processes, or configure additional OC4J processes to utilize this memory. See the Oracle Application Server Performance Guide for details. To determine the optimal amount of memory for your installation, the best practice is to load test your site. Resource requirements can vary substantially for different applications and different usage patterns. In addition, some operating system utilities for monitoring memory can overstate memory usage (partially due to the representation of shared memory). The preferred method for determining memory requirements is to monitor the improvement in performance resulting from the addition of physical memory in your load test. Refer to your platform vendor documentation for information on how to configure memory and processor resources for testing purposes. OracleAS Infrastructure:
Oracle Identity Federation: 512 MB Note:
To determine the amount of memory, enter the following command: # /usr/sbin/dmesg | grep "Physical"
Checked by Installer: Yes |
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OracleAS Infrastructure:
Oracle Identity Federation: 2.3 GB The installer may display inaccurate disk space requirement figures. Refer to the figures listed above for disk space requirements. To determine the amount of free disk space, use the prompt> bdf dir Replace dir with the Oracle home directory or with the parent directory if the Oracle home directory does not exist yet. For example, if you plan to install Oracle Application Server in Checked by Installer: No |
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400 MB To determine the amount of free disk space in the prompt> bdf /tmp
If the Checked by Installer: Yes |
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1.5 GB of available swap space To determine the amount of available swap space, use the following command: prompt> # /usr/sbin/swapinfo -a
If necessary, see your operating system documentation for information onhow to configure additional swap space. Checked by Installer: Yes |
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Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g is supported on the following browsers:
For the most current list of supported browsers, check the OracleMetaLink site ( Checked by Installer: No. However, if you access Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g using a non-supported browser, you will get a warning message. |
If you are performing the installation from the console or X Windows, then add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/xdm file:
session required pam_limits.so
If you need to reduce memory consumption:
Configure only the components that you need.
After installation, start up only the components that you need. See the Oracle Application Server Administrator's Guide for details.
Run Application Server Control only when you need to administer an instance. In most cases, you do not need Application Server Control running all the time.
If you are running multiple Oracle Application Server instances on one computer, each Application Server Control can consume a lot of memory. Running Application Server Control only when you need it can free up memory for other components.
Configure Application Server Control so that it can manage multiple instances. See the Oracle Application Server Administrator's Guide for details.
Check that the software listed in Table 2-3 is installed on the system. The procedure that follows the table describes how to ensure the correct software is installed on the system.
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Note: Oracle Application Server 10g (10.1.4.0.1) is certified with the following Operating System specific software. For the most current list of supported Operating System specific software, for example JDK version, Operating System version, check OracleMetaLink (http://metalink.oracle.com). |
Table 2-3 Software Requirements for HP-UX 11i version 2 Itanium Systems
| Item | Requirement |
|---|---|
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Operating System |
HP-UX 11i Version 2 (11.23) Itanium or higher |
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Patches for 11.11 (or higher versions) |
The following patches are required by JDK 1.4.2.05 or higher. JDK 1.4.2.05 is installed with this release. Refer to the HP Support site for a list of all JDK patches.
The following patches are required if ANSI C and C++ are installed on the system:
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To ensure that the system meets these requirements, follow these steps:
To determine which version of HP-UX Itanium is installed, enter the following command:
# uname -a HP-UX hostname B.11.23 U ia64 1221911087 unlimited-user license
In this example, the version of HP-UX Itanium 11i is 11.23.
To determine whether the bundle is installed, enter the following command:
# /usr/sbin/swlist | grep BUNDLE
If the bundle is not installed, download it from the following Web site and install it:
http://www.software.hp.com/SUPPORT_PLUS/qpk.html
To determine whether a bundle or product is installed, enter the following command:
# /usr/sbin/swlist -l product | more
If a required product is not installed, you must install it. See your operating system or software documentation for information about installing products.
To determine whether a patch is installed, enter a command similar to the following:
# /usr/sbin/swlist -l patch | grep PHKL_29198
Alternatively, to list all installed patches, enter the following command:
# /usr/sbin/swlist -l patch | more
If a required patch is not installed, download it from the following URL and install it:
The computers on which you plan to install OracleAS Metadata Repository require their kernel parameters to be set to the minimum values listed in the following sections:
Verify that the kernel parameters shown in the following table are set either to the formula shown, or to values greater than or equal to the recommended value shown. The procedures following the table describe how to verify and set the values.
| Parameter | Recommended Formula or Value |
|---|---|
| ksi_alloc_max | (nproc*8) |
| max_thread_proc | 3000 |
| maxdsiz | 2063835136 (2 GB) |
| maxdsiz_64bit | 2147483648 (2 GB) |
| maxfiles | 2048 |
| maxfiles_lim | 2048 |
| maxssiz | 134217728 (128 MB) |
| maxssiz_64bit | 1073741824 (1 GB) |
| maxuprc | ((nproc*9)/10) |
| msgmap | (2+msgmni) |
| msgmni | 4096 |
| msgseg | 32767 |
| msgtql | 4096 |
| ncsize | (ninode+1024) |
| nfile | (15*nproc+2048) |
| nflocks | 4096 |
| ninode | (8*nproc+2048) |
| nkthread | (((nproc*7)/4)+16) |
| nproc | 4096 |
| semmni | 4096 |
| semmns | (semmni*2) |
| semmnu | (nproc-4) |
| semvmx | 32767 |
| shmmax | The size of physical memory or 0X40000000 (1073741824), whichever is greater.
Note: To avoid performance degradation, the value should be greater than or equal to the size of the SGA. |
| shmmni | 512 |
| shmseg | 120 |
| tcp_conn_request_max | 2048 |
| vps_ceiling | 64 |
To view the current value specified for these kernel parameters, and to change them if necessary, follow these steps:
Optionally, set the DISPLAY environment variable to specify the display of the local system:
Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
$ DISPLAY=localhost:0.0 ; export DISPLAY
C shell:
$ setenv DISPLAY localhost:0.0
Start System Administration Manager (SAM):
# /usr/sbin/sam
Choose the Kernel Configuration area, then choose the Configurable Parameters area.
Check the value or formula specified for each of these parameters and, if necessary, modify that value or formula.
If necessary, see the SAM online help for more information on completing this step.
Exit from SAM.
If you modified the value specified for any parameter, reboot the system:
# /sbin/shutdown -r now
If necessary, when the system restarts, log in and switch user to root.
Many Oracle Application Server components, such as Oracle HTTP Server, OracleAS Web Cache, and Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g, use ports. You can have the installer assign default port numbers, or use port numbers that you specify.
Why the Default Port for Oracle HTTP Server Is Port 7777 and Not Port 80
By default, the installer configures Oracle HTTP Server to use port 7777, not port 80. Port 7777 is the default port because on UNIX, components that use port numbers lower than 1024 require additional steps to be done as the root user before the components can run. Because the installer does not have root access, it has to use a port greater than 1024.
If you want Oracle HTTP Server to use a different port, such as port 80, use the "static ports" feature, which enables you to specify port numbers for components. Although you can change the port number after installation, it is easier to set the port number during installation.
To check if a port is being used, you can run the netstat command as follows:
prompt> netstat -an | grep portnum
If you want to use the default port numbers for components, you do not have to do anything. See Appendix C, "Default Port Numbers" for a list of the default port numbers and ranges. Make sure that at least one port is available in the port range for each component. If the installer is unable to find a free port in the range, the installation will fail.
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Note:
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To instruct the installer to assign custom port numbers for components:
Create a file containing the component names and port numbers. Section 2.5.3.1, "Format of the staticports.ini File" describes the file format. This file is typically called the staticports.ini file, but you can name it anything you want.
In the installer, on the Specify Port Configuration Options screen, select Manual and enter the full path to the staticports.ini file.
If you do not specify the full path to the file, the installer will not be able to find the file. The installer will then assign default ports for all the components, and it will do this without displaying any warning.
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Difference from Previous Release: In 10g (9.0.4), you used command-line options to specify the staticports.ini file. In this release, you specify the file in the new Specify Port Configuration Options screen. |
The staticports.ini file has the following format. Replace port_num with the port number that you want to use for the component.
# J2EE and HTTP Server Oracle HTTP Server port = port_num Oracle HTTP Server Listen port = port_num Oracle HTTP Server SSL port = port_num Oracle HTTP Server Listen (SSL) port = port_num Oracle HTTP Server Diagnostic port = port_num Java Object Cache port = port_num DCM Discovery port = port_num Oracle Notification Server Request port = port_num Oracle Notification Server Local port = port_num Oracle Notification Server Remote port = port_num Application Server Control port = port_num Application Server Control RMI port = port_num Oracle Management Agent port = port_num Log Loader port = port_num ASG port = port_num # Infrastructure Oracle Internet Directory port = port_num Oracle Internet Directory (SSL) port = port_num Oracle Certificate Authority SSL Server Authentication port = port_num Oracle Certificate Authority SSL Mutual Authentication port = port_num
The easiest way to create the file is to use the staticports.ini file on the CD-ROM (Disk 1) or DVD-ROM as a template:
Copy the staticports.ini file from the CD-ROM or DVD-ROM to your hard disk.
Edit the local copy (the file on the hard disk) to include the desired port numbers.
You do not need to specify port numbers for all components in the staticports.ini file. If a component is not listed in the file, the installer uses the default port number for that component.
Note that the staticports.ini may contain ports for components that are not included in 10g (10.1.4.0.1).
You cannot change the port used by the OracleAS Metadata Repository (port 1521) during installation, but you can do so after installation. See the Oracle Application Server Administrator's Guide for details.
The following example sets the Application Server Control port and some OracleAS Web Cache ports. For components not specified, the installer will assign the default port numbers.
Application Server Control port = 2000 Oracle Internet Directory port = 2001 Oracle Internet Directory (SSL) port = 2002
When installation is complete, you can check the ORACLE_HOME/install/portlist.ini file to see the assigned ports.
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Notes on Choosing Port Numbers:
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The installer verifies that the ports specified in the file are available by checking memory. This means that it can only detect ports that are being used by running processes. It does not look in configuration files to determine which ports an application is using.
If the installer detects that a specified port is not available, it displays an alert. The installer will not assign a port that is not available. To fix this:
Edit the staticports.ini file to specify a different port, or shut down the application that is using the port.
Click Retry. The installer re-reads the staticports.ini file and verifies the entries in the file again.
Using portlist.ini as the staticports.ini File
The staticports.ini file uses the same format as the ORACLE_HOME/install/portlist.ini file, which is created after an Oracle Application Server installation. If you have installed Oracle Application Server and you want to use the same port numbers in another installation, you can use the portlist.ini file from the first installation as the staticports.ini file for subsequent installations.
However, note this difference: in staticports.ini, the line "Oracle Management Agent port" corresponds to "Enterprise Manager Agent port" in portlist.ini.
Check your staticports.ini file carefully because a mistake can cause the installer to use default ports without displaying any warning. Here are some things that you should check:
If you specify the same port for more than one component, the installer will use the specified port for the first component, but for the other components, it will use the components' default ports. The installer does not warn you if you have specified the same port for multiple components.
If you specify different ports for one component on multiple lines, the installer assigns the default port for the component. The installer does not warn you if you have specified different ports for one component.
If you specify the same port for one component on multiple lines, the installer assigns the default port for the component. The installer does not warn you if you have specified the same port on multiple lines.
If you have syntax errors in the staticports.ini file (for example, if you omitted the = character for a line), the installer ignores the line. For the components specified on such lines, the installer assigns the default ports. The installer does not display a warning for lines with syntax errors.
If you misspell a component name, the installer assigns the default port for the component. Names of components in the file are case sensitive. The installer does not display a warning for lines with unrecognized names.
If you specify a non-numeric value for the port number, the installer ignores the line and assigns the default port number for the component. It does this without displaying any warning.
If you specify a relative path to the staticports.ini file (for example, "./staticports.ini" or just "staticports.ini"), the installer will not find the file. The installer continues without displaying a warning and it will assign default ports to all components. You must specify a full path to the staticports.ini file.
The installer configures port 1521 for the OracleAS Metadata Repository listener (version 10.1.0.3). This port cannot be changed through the staticports.ini file.
If port 1521 on your computer is already in use by an existing application, such as Oracle database listener or some other application, you might have to take some action before running the installer. See the following sections for details.
Section 2.5.4.1, "If Port 1521 Is In Use by an Existing Oracle Database"
Section 2.5.4.2, "If Port 1521 Is In Use by Some Other Application"
If you are installing a new database for the OracleAS Metadata Repository on a computer that is already running an Oracle database, ensure that the listeners for both databases do not conflict.
You might be able to use the same listener for both the existing database and the OracleAS Metadata Repository database. You have to consider the version of the existing listener as well as the port number. Table 2-5 shows scenarios and outcomes.
You can change the OracleAS Metadata Repository listener to use a different port after installation. See the Oracle Application Server Administrator's Guide for details.
Table 2-5 Scenarios and Outcomes if You Have an Existing Database on the Computer Where You Want to Install the OracleAS Metadata Repository
| Version of the Existing Listener | Existing Listener Uses Port 1521 | Existing Listener Uses a Port Other Than 1521 |
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Earlier than 10.1.0.2 |
You need two listeners: one for the existing database and one for the OracleAS Metadata Repository. |
You need two listeners: one for the existing database and one for the OracleAS Metadata Repository. See Section 2.5.4.1.3, "Scenario 3: Existing Listener Uses a Port Other Than 1521". |
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10.1.0.2 or later |
The existing listener supports both the existing database and the OracleAS Metadata Repository. |
You need two listeners: one for the existing database and one for the OracleAS Metadata Repository. See Section 2.5.4.1.3, "Scenario 3: Existing Listener Uses a Port Other Than 1521". |
To check the listener version, run the following command:
prompt> $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl VERSION
where ORACLE_HOME is the home directory for your database.
You can also use the same command to check the listener port.
Here is an example of the command's output:
bin/lsnrctl VERSION
LSNRCTL for HPUX: Version 10.1.0.5 - Production on 23-SEP-2005 19:15:32
Copyright (c) 1991, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=plhpxm11.us.oracle.com)(PORT=1521)))
TNSLSNR for HPUX: Version 10.1.0.5 - Production
TNS for HPUX: Version 10.1.0.4.0 - Production
Unix Domain Socket IPC NT Protocol Adaptor for HPUX: Version 10.1.0.4.0 - Production
Oracle Bequeath NT Protocol Adapter for HPUX: Version 10.1.0.4.0 - Production
TCP/IP NT Protocol Adapter for HPUX: Version 10.1.0.4.0 - Production,,
The command completed successfully
Listeners earlier than version 10.1.0.2 are not compatible with the OracleAS Metadata Repository from this Oracle Application Server release. What you need to do is to install the OracleAS Metadata Repository, which installs a version 10.1.0.3 listener. You can then use this new listener to service your existing database and the OracleAS Metadata Repository database.
Stop the existing listener before you install the OracleAS Metadata Repository.
prompt> $ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop
ORACLE_HOME is the home directory for your existing database.
If you do not stop the existing listener, the installation will fail.
Install the OracleAS Metadata Repository.
See any of the procedures that install an OracleAS Metadata Repository in Chapter 4, "Installing OracleAS Infrastructure" (for example, Section 4.20, "Installing OracleAS Infrastructure" or Section 4.21, "Installing OracleAS Infrastructure Against an Existing Oracle Internet Directory").
Update the configuration file of the new listener, as necessary. The name of the listener configuration file is listener.ora, located in the ORACLE_HOME/network/admin directory.
Check network address entries in the existing listener's configuration file.
If the existing listener's configuration file contains only the following network addresses:
TCP Port 1521
IPC key EXTPROC
you do not have to edit the OracleAS Metadata Repository listener's configuration file for network addresses.
If the configuration file contains other network addresses, you need to add them to the OracleAS Metadata Repository listener's configuration file.
Check SID_DESC entries in the existing listener's configuration file.
If the existing listener's configuration file contains SID_DESC entries for the existing database, you need to add these entries to the OracleAS Metadata Repository listener's configuration file.
Do not start the existing listener (version earlier than 10.1.0.2). Now that the new listener supports both databases, you do not need to run the existing listener any more.
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Note: Step c above is very important. You only need to run one listener (the new listener) to support both databases. |
The existing listener will support both the existing database and the OracleAS Metadata Repository. The installer will perform this configuration automatically.
The listener can be running during installation.
You will end up running two listeners: one for the existing database and one for the OracleAS Metadata Repository, regardless of the version of the existing listener.
The existing listener can be running during installation, because it is not using port 1521.
If you have some other application listening on port 1521, you need to reconfigure it to listen on a different port. If that is not possible, shut it down while you install the OracleAS Metadata Repository. After installation, you can reconfigure the OracleAS Metadata Repository to use a port other than 1521. See the Oracle Application Server Administrator's Guide for instructions on how to do this.
You need to create operating system groups in these situations:
If you plan to install Oracle Application Server on a computer that does not have Oracle products, create a group to own the "inventory" directory. Refer to Section 2.6.1, "Create a Group for the Inventory Directory".
If you plan to install the OracleAS Metadata Repository in a new database (that is, one created by the installer), create groups for database administrators. Refer to Section 2.6.2, "Create Groups for Database Administrators".
To create the oinstall group enter the following command:
# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
For more information about operating system users and groups, see your operating system documentation or contact your system administrator.
If you plan to install Oracle Application Server on a computer that does not have Oracle products, create a group to own the inventory directory. The installer writes its files in the inventory directory to keep track of the Oracle products installed on the computer.
This guide uses the name oinstall for this operating system group.
By having a separate group for the inventory directory, you allow different users to install Oracle products on the computer. Users need write permission for the inventory directory. They can achieve this by belonging to the oinstall group.
For the first time installation of any Oracle product on a computer, the installer displays a screen where you enter a group name for the inventory directory, and a screen where you enter the location of the inventory directory.
The default name of the inventory directory is oraInventory.
If you are unsure if there is already an inventory directory on the computer, look in the /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc file. This file lists the location of the inventory directory and the group who owns it. If the file does not exist, the computer does not have Oracle products installed on it.
This section applies only if you plan to install the OracleAS Metadata Repository in a new database created by the installer.
When the database is not mounted and database authentication is unavailable, the database uses operating system groups to determine user privileges. The database recognizes these groups and privileges:
Table 2-6 Privileges for the OSDBA and OSOPER Groups
| Group | Description |
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OSDBA |
This is the database administrator group. Users in this group are granted SYSDBA privileges. |
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OSOPER |
Users in this group are granted SYSOPER privileges, which comprise privileges required for basic maintenance. These include database startup and shutdown, and other privileges required for database operation. SYSOPER privileges are a subset of SYSDBA privileges. |
You need to create operating system groups for these groups.
If you want an operating system group called dba to have SYSDBA privileges:
Create the dba group.
Ensure that the user running the installer is a member of the dba group.
If you want a different operating system group to have SYSDBA privileges, or if you want to associate SYSDBA and SYSOPER privileges with different groups, ensure the user running the installer does not belong to the dba group.
If the user running the installer does not belong to the dba group, the installer displays a screen where you can enter the names of groups to have the database administrator privileges. The screen has two fields: one for the OSDBA group and one for the OSOPER group (refer to Table 2-6). You can enter the same operating system group for both fields.
Create an operating system user to install and upgrade Oracle products. This guide refers to this user as the oracle user. The oracle user running the installer must have write permission for these directories:
the Oracle home directory, which contains files for the product you are installing
the inventory directory, which is used by the installer for all Oracle products
If the computer contains other Oracle products, you might already have a user for this purpose. Look in the /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc file. This file lists the location of the inventory directory and the group who owns it. If the file does not exist, the computer does not have Oracle products installed on it.
If you do not already have a user for installing Oracle products, create a user with the following properties:
Table 2-7 Properties of the Operating System User Who Runs the Installer
| Item | Description |
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Login name |
You can use any name for the user. This guide refers to the user as the |
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Group identifier |
The primary group of the You can use any name for the group. This guide uses the name |
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Home directory |
The home directory for the |
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Login shell |
The default login shell can be the C, Bourne, or Korn shell. |
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Note: Use theoracle user only for installing and running Oracle products. Do not use root as the oracle user. |
To create the oracle user:
Enter a command similar to the following:
# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba[,oper] oracle
In this command:
The -g option specifies the primary group, which must be the Oracle Inventory group, for example oinstall
The -G option specifies the secondary groups, which must include the OSDBA group and if required, the OSOPER group, for example dba or dba,oper
Set the password of the oracle user:
# passwd oracle
To check which groups an operating system user belongs to, run the groups command with the name of the user. For example:
prompt> groups oracle
For more information about operating system users and groups, see your operating system documentation or contact your system administrator.
The operating system user who will be installing Oracle Application Server needs to set (or unset) the following environment variables.
Table 2-8 summarizes whether you set or unset an environment variable.
Table 2-8 Environment Variable Summary
| Environment variable | Set or Unset |
|---|---|
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Must not be set. |
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PATH, CLASSPATH, and LD_LIBRARY_PATH |
Must not contain references to directories in any Oracle home directories |
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Set it to the monitor where you want the installer window to appear. |
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Optional. If unset, defaults to |
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Must not be set. |
Here are some tips when working with environment variables:
If you set environment variables in the .profile file, they might not be read. To ensure environment variables are set to the correct values, check their values in the shell where you will be running the installer.
To check the value of environment variables, use the env command. This displays all the currently defined environment variables and their values.
% env
If you use the su command to switch users (for example, switching from the root user to the oracle user), check the environment variables when you are the new user because the environment variables might not be passed to the new user. This can happen even if you run su with the - parameter (su - user).
# /* root user */ # su - oracle % env
Edit your PATH, CLASSPATH, and LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variables so that they do not reference any Oracle home directories.
Set the DISPLAY environment variable to point to the X server that will display the installer. The format of the DISPLAY environment variable is:
hostname:display_number.screen_number
Example (C shell):
% setenv DISPLAY test.mydomain.com:0.0
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
$ DISPLAY=test.mydomain.com:0.0; export DISPLAY
You can test the display by running the xclock program:
$ /bin/x11/xclock
Oracle Application Server requires a running X server during installation only. The frame buffer X server installed with your operating system requires that you remain logged in and have the frame buffer running during installation. If you do not wish to do this, then you must use a virtual frame buffer, such as X Virtual Frame Buffer (XVFB) or Virtual Network Computing (VNC).
Visit Oracle Technology Network (http://www.oracle.com/technology) for information about obtaining and installing XVFB or other virtual frame buffer solutions. Search OTN for "frame buffer".
The installer uses a temporary directory for swap space. The installer checks for the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables to locate the temporary directory. If this environment variable does not exist, the installer uses the /tmp directory.
If you want the installer to use a temporary directory other than /tmp, set the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables to the full path of an alternate directory. The oracle user must have right permission for this directory and the directory must meet the requirements listed in Table 2-2.
Example (C shell):
% setenv TMP /tmp2 % setenv TMPDIR /tmp2
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
$ TMP=/tmp2; export TMP $ TMPDIR=/tmp2; export TMPDIR
If you do not set this environment variable, and the default directory does not have enough space, then the installer displays an error message that says the environment variable is not set. You can either set the environment variable to point to a different directory or free up enough space in the default directory. In either case, you have to restart the installation.
This section describes two requirements:
The TNS_ADMIN environment variable must not be set. If set, it can cause errors during installation. Section F.3.14, "Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) Failures" shows such an error.
The /etc and the /var/opt/oracle directories must not contain a tnsnames.ora file.
These requirements are necessary to prevent conflicts between the Net configuration files for different Oracle products.
If you need to set TNS_ADMIN or if you have the tnsnames.ora file in /etc or /var/opt/oracle, do the following steps before installing Oracle Application Server.
If you have the tnsnames.ora file in /etc or /var/opt/oracle, move the file from these directories to a different directory. Alternatively, you can rename the file.
Make sure the TNS_ADMIN environment variable is not set.
Example (C shell):
% unsetenv TNS_ADMIN
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
$ unset TNS_ADMIN
After installation, you can merge the contents of the newly created tnsnames.ora file with your existing tnsnames.ora file.
Although the contents of the /etc/hosts file affect these items:
the installer provides alternative methods for you to enter the values that you want without editing the hosts file. See the following subsections for details.
The installer reads the hosts file to construct the location of the default Oracle Identity Management realm. It displays this location in the "Specify Namespace in Internet Directory" screen.
The hosts file should use the following format:
ip_address fully_qualified_hostname short_hostname
Example:
123.45.67.89 primaryHost.mydomain.com primaryHost
In the preceding example, the location of the default Oracle Identity Management realm would look like "dc=mydomain,dc=com".
If the file uses a different format, the installer displays an incorrect value in the screen. For example, if the hosts file contains:
123.45.67.89 primaryHost primaryHost.mydomain.com <--- incorrect format
the installer would display "dc=primaryHost,dc=com" as the default Oracle Identity Management realm. This is probably not the value that you want for the default Oracle Identity Management realm.
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Tip: If you need thehosts file to use a different format, you can edit the file to use the required format, perform the installation, then revert the file back to its original format after installation.
If you are unable, or unwilling, to edit the |
If you are installing OracleAS Single Sign-On, and your hosts file contains only the hostname of your computer, without the domain name, then you will only be able to sign on to the Single Sign-On server using the hostname by itself (without the domain name).
If you want to require a domain name when connecting to the Single Sign-On server, you can edit the hosts file to include the domain name. If you do not want to edit the file, you can use the OUI_HOSTNAME command-line parameter to the installer to override the value in hosts. For example:
prompt> mount_point/1014disk1/runInstaller OUI_HOSTNAME=myserver.mydomain.com
Typically, the computer on which you want to install Oracle Application Server is connected to the network, has local storage to contain the Oracle Application Server installation, has a display monitor, and has a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive.
This section describes how to install Oracle Application Server on computers that do not meet the typical scenario. It covers the following cases:
Section 2.10.1, "Installing on Multihomed (Multi-IP) Computers"
Section 2.10.2, "Copying CD-ROMs or DVD-ROM to Hard Drive, and Installing from the Hard Drive"
Section 2.10.3, "Installing from a Remote CD-ROM or DVD-ROM Drive"
Section 2.10.6, "Running Multiple Instances from One Installation"
You can install Oracle Database on a multihomed computer. A multihomed computer is associated with multiple IP addresses. This is typically achieved by having multiple network cards on the computer. Each IP address is associated with a hostname; additionally, you can set up aliases for the hostname. By default, Oracle Universal Installer uses the OUI_HOSTNAME environment variable setting to find the hostname. If OUI_HOSTNAME is not set and you are installing on a computer that has multiple network cards, Oracle Universal Installer determines the hostname by using the first name in the /etc/hosts file.
Clients must be able to access the computer using this hostname (or using aliases for this hostname). To check, ping the hostname from the client computers using the short name (hostname only) and the full name (hostname and domain name). Both must work.
Instead of installing from the Oracle Application Server CD-ROMs or DVD-ROM, you can copy the contents of the CD-ROMs or DVD-ROM to a hard drive and install from there. This might be easier if you plan to install many instances of Oracle Application Server on your network, or if the computers where you want to install Oracle Application Server do not have CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drives.
(You can install from remote CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drives; see Section 2.10.3, "Installing from a Remote CD-ROM or DVD-ROM Drive".)
When you install from the hard drive, the installer does not prompt you to swap CD-ROMs. It can find all the files if they are in the proper locations (see Figure 2-1).
Space Requirement
Ensure that the hard drive contains enough space to hold the contents of the CD-ROMs or the application_server directory on the DVD-ROM. Each CD-ROM contains approximately 650 MB. This means that if you are copying three CD-ROMs, you need approximately 1.9 GB of disk space.
On the DVD-ROM, the application_server directory is approximately 1.6 GB.
This space is in addition to the space required for installing Oracle Application Server (listed in Table 2-2).
To Copy the CD-ROMs:
Create a directory structure on your hard drive as shown in Figure 2-1.
You need to create a parent directory (called OracleAS_10g in the example, but you can name it anything you like), and, under the parent directory, create subdirectories called Disk1, Disk2, and so on. The names of the subdirectories must be DiskN, where N is the CD-ROM number.
Figure 2-1 Directory Structure for Copying CD-ROMs to Disk
Copy the contents of each CD-ROM into the corresponding directory.
prompt> cp -pr /cdrom_mount_point/10.1.4disk1/* /path/to/hard/drive/Disk1/ prompt> cp -pr /cdrom_mount_point/10.1.4disk2/* /path/to/hard/drive/Disk2/ ... Repeat for each CD-ROM.
To run the installer from the copied files, invoke the runInstaller executable from the Disk1 directory. Run it from the computer that will be running Oracle Application Server.
prompt> /path/to/hard/drive/Disk1/runInstaller
To Copy the application_server Directory from the DVD-ROM
(optional) Create a directory to contain the application_server directory.
Copy the application_server directory from the DVD-ROM to your hard disk.
prompt> cp -pr /dvd_mount_point/application_server /path/to/hard/drive
To run the installer from the copied files, invoke the runInstaller executable from the computer that will be running Oracle Application Server:
prompt> /path/to/hard/drive/application_server/runInstaller
If the computer where you want to install Oracle Application Server does not have a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive, you can perform the installation from a remote CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive.
You can run the installer on a remote computer ("remote_computer"), but have the installer screens display on your local computer ("local_computer"). The installer will install Oracle Application Server on the remote computer.
Allow remote_computer to display on local_computer. You need to run this command on the local computer's console.
local_computer> xhost +remote_computer
If you do not run xhost, you might get an Xlib error similar to "Failed to connect to server", "Connection refused by server," or "Can't open display" when starting the installer.
On local_computer, perform a remote login (using telnet or rlogin) to remote_computer. Log in as the oracle user, as described in Section 2.7, "Operating System User". Ensure that the user has set the environment variables correctly, as described in Section 2.8, "Environment Variables".
local_computer> rlogin -l oracle remote_computer.mydomain.com - OR - local_computer> telnet remote_computer.mydomain.com
Set the DISPLAY environment variable on remote_computer to point to local_computer.
Example (C shell):
remote_computer> setenv DISPLAY local_computer.mydomain.com:0.0
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
remote_computer> DISPLAY=local_computer.mydomain.com:0.0; export DISPLAY
Run the installer. See Section 3.15, "Starting theOracle Universal Installer".
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Note: You can use a PC X emulator to run the installer if it supports a PseudoColor color model or PseudoColor visual. Set the PC X emulator to use a PseudoColor visual, and then start the installer. Refer to the X emulator documentation for instructions on how to change the color model or visual settings. |
You can run the installer on a remote computer ("remote_computer"), but have the installer screens display on your local computer ("local_computer"). The installer will install Oracle Application Server on the remote computer.
Allow remote_computer to display on local_computer. You need to run this command on the local computer's console.
local_computer> xhost +remote_computer
If you do not run xhost, you might get an Xlib error similar to "Failed to connect to server", "Connection refused by server," or "Can't open display" when starting the installer.
On local_computer, perform a remote login (using telnet or rlogin) to remote_computer. Log in as the oracle user, as described in Section 2.7, "Operating System User". Ensure that the user has set the environment variables correctly, as described in Section 2.8, "Environment Variables".
local_computer> rlogin -l oracle remote_computer.mydomain.com - OR - local_computer> telnet remote_computer.mydomain.com
Set the DISPLAY environment variable on remote_computer to point to local_computer.
Example (C shell):
remote_computer> setenv DISPLAY local_computer.mydomain.com:0.0
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
remote_computer> DISPLAY=local_computer.mydomain.com:0.0; export DISPLAY
Run the installer. See Section 3.15, "Starting theOracle Universal Installer".
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Note: You can use a PC X emulator to run the installer if it supports a PseudoColor color model or PseudoColor visual. Set the PC X emulator to use a PseudoColor visual, and then start the installer. Refer to the X emulator documentation for instructions on how to change the color model or visual settings. |
To run Oracle Application Server on NFS systems, you have to use a certified NFS-mounted storage system.
Currently Oracle Application Server is certified to run on these NFS systems:
The NetApp system should be exported to at least the remote install user and remote root user. You can do this using exportfs command:
prompt> exportfs -i /vol/vol1
Before installing, verify that the NFS mount setuid permission is set to suid. The nosuid option will cause the install to fail.
To check the latest certification list for any updates, visit Oracle Technology Network (http://www.oracle.com/technology).
Oracle Application Server components are intended to be run only on the computer where they are installed. You cannot run the components on remote computers, even though the computers can access the files through NFS.
Figure 2-2 Run Oracle Application Server Only on the Computer Where It Is Installed
Table 2-9 lists the checks performed by the installer:
Table 2-9 Prerequisite Checks Performed by the Installer
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
|
Operating system version |
See Table 2-3 for supported versions. |
|
Operating system patches |
See Section 2.3, "Software Requirements" for a list of required patches. |
|
Operating system kernel parameters |
See Section 2.4, "Kernel Parameters" for a list of required kernel parameters. |
|
Memory |
See Table 2-2 for recommended values. |
|
Swap space |
See Table 2-2 for recommended values. |
|
TMP space |
See Table 2-2 for recommended values. |
|
Instance name |
The installer checks that the computer on which you are installing Oracle Application Server does not already have an instance of the same name. |
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Oracle home directory name |
The installer checks that the Oracle home directory name does not contain any spaces. |
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Path to Oracle home directory |
The installer checks that the path to the Oracle home directory is not longer than 127 characters. |
|
Oracle home directory contents |
The installer checks that the Oracle home directory does not contain any files that might interfere with the installation. |
|
Oracle home directory |
You should install Oracle Application Server in a new directory. Here are some examples of installations that are not allowed:
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Port 1521 |
The installer displays a warning if port 1521 is in use by any application, including database listeners of any version. You need to stop the application that is using port 1521, then click OK in the warning dialog. If it is a database listener that is using port 1521, you might be able to use it for the metadata repository database. See Section 2.5.4, "If Port 1521 Is in Use" for details. If it is another application that is using port 1521, you need to stop it or configure it to use a different port. Alternatively, you can change the database listener to use a port other than 1521, but you can do this only after installation. See the Oracle Application Server Administrator's Guide for details. |
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Static port conflicts |
The installer checks the ports listed in the |
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Monitor |
The installer checks that the monitor is configured to display at least 256 colors. |
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Display permission |
The installer checks that the user has permissions to display on the monitor specified by the DISPLAY environment variable. |
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DISPLAY environment variable |
The installer checks that the DISPLAY environment variable is set. |
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TNS_ADMIN environment variable |
The TNS_ADMIN environment variable must not be set. There must not be a |
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DBCA_RAW_CONFIG environment variable |
If you are installing the OracleAS Infrastructure in a Real Application Clusters environment, you need to set this environment variable to point to a file that describes the locations of your raw partitions. |
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Cluster file system |
The installer checks that you are not installing Oracle Application Server in a cluster file system (CFS). |
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Oracle Enterprise Manager directories are writable |
The installer runs this check only if you are expanding a middle tier or if you arereinstalling Oracle Application Server in the same Oracle home. The installerchecks that these directories are writable by the operating system user running theinstaller:
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Oracle Enterprise Manager files exist |
The installer runs this check only if you are expanding a middle tier or if you arereinstalling Oracle Application Server in the same Oracle home. The installerchecks that these files exist:
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