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Oracle Solaris Studio 12.2: C++ User's Guide |
3. Using the C++ Compiler Options
6. Creating and Using Templates
6.1.1 Function Template Declaration
6.1.2 Function Template Definition
6.2.1 Class Template Declaration
6.2.2 Class Template Definition
6.2.3 Class Template Member Definitions
6.2.3.1 Function Member Definitions
6.2.3.2 Static Data Member Definitions
6.3.1 Implicit Template Instantiation
6.3.2 Explicit Template Instantiation
6.3.2.1 Explicit Instantiation of Template Functions
6.3.2.2 Explicit Instantiation of Template Classes
6.3.2.3 Explicit Instantiation of Template Class Function Members
6.3.2.4 Explicit Instantiation of Template Class Static Data Members
6.5 Default Template Parameters
6.6.1 Template Specialization Declaration
6.6.2 Template Specialization Definition
6.6.3 Template Specialization Use and Instantiation
6.7.1 Nonlocal Name Resolution and Instantiation
6.7.2 Local Types as Template Arguments
6.7.3 Friend Declarations of Template Functions
6.7.4 Using Qualified Names Within Template Definitions
6.7.6 Referencing Static Variables and Static Functions
6.7.7 Building Multiple Programs Using Templates in the Same Directory
9. Improving Program Performance
10. Building Multithreaded Programs
12. Using The C++ Standard Library
13. Using the Classic iostream Library
You can use templates in a nested manner. This is particularly useful when defining generic functions over generic data structures, as in the standard C++ library. For example, a template sort function may be declared over a template array class:
template <class Elem> void sort(Array<Elem>);
and defined as:
template <class Elem> void sort(Array<Elem> store)
{int num_elems = store.GetSize();
for (int i = 0; i < num_elems-1; i++)
for (int j = i+1; j < num_elems; j++)
if (store[j-1] > store[j])
{Elem temp = store[j];
store[j] = store[j-1];
store[j-1] = temp;}}
The preceding example defines a sort function over the predeclared Array class template objects. The next example shows the actual use of the sort function.
Array<int> int_array(100); // construct an array of ints sort(int_array); // sort it
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