A method of classifying items in decreasing order of importance, such as annual dollar volume or your company's transaction history.
Acceptable Early Days
An item attribute the planning process uses to decide when to suggest rescheduling orders for the item to an earlier date. The planning process only suggests rescheduling orders for the item if the order is due to be received into inventory before the acceptable early date. This attribute is used when it is more economical to build and carry excess inventory for a short time than it is to reschedule the order. This attribute applies to discretely planned items only. The attribute for repetitively planned items is Overrun Percentage
Acceptable Rate Decrease
An item attribute the planning process uses to decide how much to decrease current daily rates for the item inside the planning time fence. The planning process does not suggest a new daily rate less than the current daily rate minus the acceptable rate decrease amount. If you do not define a value for this attribute, the planning process assumes that there is no lower limit to the new daily rate it can suggest for the item inside the planning time fence. If you set this attribute to zero, the planning process assumes it cannot suggest any rate less than the current daily rate inside the planning time fence. Inventory defaults the value of this attribute to zero. This attribute lets you minimize short term disruption to shop floor schedules by restricting short term rate change suggestions. This attribute applies to repetitively planned items only.
Acceptable Rate Increase
An item attribute the planning process uses to decide how much to increase current daily rates for the item inside the planning time fence. The planning process does not suggest a new daily rate that is greater than the current daily rate plus the acceptable rate increase amount. If you do not define a value for this attribute, the planning process assumes there is no upper limit to the new daily rate that it can suggest for the item inside the planning time fence. If you set this attribute to zero, the planning process assumes it cannot suggest any rate greater than the current daily rate inside the planning time fence. Inventory defaults the value of this attribute to zero. This attribute lets you minimize short term disruption to shop floor schedules by restricting short term rate change suggestions and applies to repetitively planned items only.
acceptance
Supplier acknowledgement of a purchase order that indicates that the supplier agreed to and accepted the terms of the purchase order.
accepted quantity
The quantity of inventory items received from a customer, based on a return authorization for which you credit the customer. See alsoreceived quantity.
account
See: accounting flexfield
account alias
An easily recognized name or label representing an account charged on miscellaneous transactions. You may view, report, and reserve against an account alias.
accounting flexfield
A feature used to define your account coding for accounting distributions. For example, this structure can correspond to your company, budget account, and project account numbers. For simplicity, Inventory and Oracle Manufacturing use the term account to refer to the accounting flexfield.
accounting flexfield limit
The maximum amount you authorize an employee to approve for a particular range of accounting flexfields.
accounting period
The fiscal period a company uses to report financial results, such as a calendar month or fiscal period.
accumulate available
An option used to calculate ATP information where available quantity of an item is carried from one ATP period to the next.
actual demand
The demand from actual sales orders, not including forecasted demand.
actual material shortage
Available quantity is less than demand quantity when receiving material.
actual shortage
An actual shortage exists when available quantity is less than demand quantity. Checks for actual shortages occur when inventory is incremented. Alerts and notifications are generated only for actual shortages.
adjustment tolerance
Determines when Inventory does not make a cycle count adjustment. Inventory does not make an adjustment if your physical count differs from the on-hand inventory quantity by less than the specified tolerance. You define adjustment tolerance when you define an item.
alert
A specific condition defined in Oracle Alert that checks your database and performs actions based on the information it finds there.
alert action
In Oracle Quality, an electronic mail message, operating system script, SQL script, or concurrent program request that is invoked when specified action rule conditions are met.
alert input
A parameter that determines the exact definition of an alert condition. You can set the input to different values depending upon when and to whom you are sending the alert. For example, an alert testing for users to change their passwords uses the number of days between password changes as an input. Oracle Alert does not require inputs when you define an alert.
alert output
A value that changes based on the outcome at the time Oracle Alert checks the alert condition. Oracle Alert uses outputs in the message sent to the alert recipient, although you do not have to display all outputs in the alert message.
alternate unit of measure
All other units of measure defined for an item, excluding the primary unit of measure.
annual carrying cost
Cost of carrying inventory, defined as a percent of the dollar value of inventory per year.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute which establishes national standards for the United States. The parent organization for X12 and also serves as the North American representative to ISO (International Standards Organization).
approved suppliers list (ASL)
A list where you can set up your Approved Suppliers, Sites, and Items.
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A standard file format used for transmission and storage. ASCII is a seven-bit code with an eighth bit used for parity.
assemble-to-order (ATO)
An environment where you open a final assembly order to assemble items that customers order. Assemble-to-order is also an item attribute that you can apply to standard, model, and option class items.
assemble-to-order (ATO) item
An item you make in response to a customer order.
assemble-to-order (ATO) model
A configuration you make in response to a customer order that includes optional items.
assignment hierarchy
You can assign sourcing rules and bills of distribution to a single item in an inventory organization, all items in an inventory organization, categories of items in an inventory organization, a site, and an organization. These assignments have an order of precedence relative to one another.
assembly
An item that has a bill of material. You can purchase or manufacture an assembly item. See alsoassemble-to-order, bill of material.
assembly completion pull transaction
A material transaction where you backflush components from inventory to work in process as you complete the operation where the component is consumed. Seeoperation completion pull transaction.
assembly completion transaction
A material transaction where you receive assemblies into inventory from a job or schedule upon completion of the manufacture of the assembly.
assembly move completion transaction
A move transaction that completes assemblies into inventory.
assembly scrap transaction
A move transaction where you charge a scrap account as you move assemblies into a Scrap intra-operation step. This reduces the value of your discrete job.
assembly UOM item
A purchasing item associated with an outside resource that you purchase using the assembly's unit of measure. The assembly's unit of measure should be the same as the purchasing item's unit of measure.
asset item
Anything you make, purchase, or sell including components, subassemblies, finished products, or supplies which carries a cost and is valued in your asset subinventories.
asset subinventory
Subdivision of an organization, representing either a physical area or a logical grouping of items, such as a storeroom where quantity balances are maintained for all items and values are maintained for asset items.
assigned units
The number of resource units assigned to work at an operation in a routing. For example, if you have 10 units of machine resource available at a department, you can assign up to 10 of these units to an operation in a routing. The more units you assign, the less elapsed time Work in Process schedules for the operation.
assignment set
A group of sourcing rules and/or bills of distribution and a description of the items and/or organizations whose replenishment they control.
available-to-promise
(ATP) Ability to promise product for customer orders based on uncommitted inventory, planned production, and material.
available to promise quantity
See: available to promise (ATP)
available-to-promise rule
A set of Yes/No options for various entities that the user enters in Oracle Inventory. The combination of the various entities are used to define what is considered supply and demand when calculating available to promise quantity.
Available To Reserve (ATR)
The quantity of on-hand stock available for reservation. It is the current on-hand stock less any reserved stock.
Available To Transact (ATT)
Quantity on hand less all reservations for the item which may be transferred within or out of inventory.
average costing
A costing method which can be used to cost transactions in both inventory onlyandmanufacturing(inventory and work in process) environments. As you perform transactions, the system uses the transaction price or cost and automatically recalculates the average unit cost of your items.
average cost variance
A variance account used to hold amounts generated when on-hand inventory quantity is negative and the unit cost of a subsequent receipt is different from the current unit cost.
B
base model
The model item from which a configuration item was created.
base unit
The unit of measure to which you convert all units of measure within one class. The base unit is the smallest or most commonly used unit of measure in the class. For example, millimeter is the base unit in the Length class. You define your base unit of measure when you create your unit class.
batch sources
A source you define in Oracle Receivables to identify where your invoicing activity originates. The batch source also controls invoice defaults and invoice numbering. Also known as invoice batch sources.
bill of lading
A carrier's contract and receipt of goods transported from one location to another.
bill of material
A list of component items associated with a parent item and information about how each item relates to the parent item. Oracle Manufacturing supports standard, model, option class, and planning bills. The item information on a bill depends on the item type and bill type. The most common type of bill is a standard bill of material. A standard bill of material lists the components associated with a product or subassembly. It specifies the required quantity for each component plus other information to control work in process, material planning, and other Oracle Manufacturing functions. Also known as product structures.
blanket purchase agreement
A type of purchase order you issue before you request actual delivery of goods or services. You normally create a blanket purchase agreement to document a long-term supplier agreement. A blanket purchase agreement may contain an effective date and an expiration date, a committed amount, or quantity. You use a blanket purchase agreement as a tool for specifying agreed prices and delivery dates for goods and services before ordering them.
blanket purchase order
See: blanket purchase agreement
blanket release
An actual order of goods and services against a blanket purchase agreement. The blanket purchase agreement determines the characteristics and prices of the items. The blanket release specifies actual quantities and dates ordered for the items. You identify a blanket release by the combination of the blanket purchase agreement number and the release number.
blind receiving
A site option that requires your receiving staff to count all items on a receipt line. Blind receiving prevents display of expected receipt quantities in receiving windows.
BOM item type
An item classification that determines the items you can use as components in a bill of material. BOM Item types include standard, model, option class, and planning items.
booking
An action on an order signifying that the order has all the necessary information to be a firm order and be processed through its order cycle.
bucket days
The number of workdays within a repetitive planning period.
bulk items
Component items on a bill of material not usually transacted directly to the job or repetitive schedule. Bulk items are usually charged to the work in process department where the item is consumed.
bulk requirement
See: bulk items
buyer
Person responsible for placing item resupply orders with suppliers and negotiating supplier contracts.
C
Calculate ATP
An item attribute the planning process uses to decide when to calculate and print available to promise (ATP) for the item on the Planning Detail Report. The planning process calculates ATP using the following formula: ATP = Planned production - committed demand.
calendar type
The period pattern used to define a manufacturing calendar.
category
Code used to group items with similar characteristics, such as plastics, metals, or glass items.
category set
A feature in Inventory where users may define their own group of categories. Typical category sets include purchasing, materials, costing, and planning.
completed assembly
An assembly you built on a discrete job or repetitive schedule and received into inventory.
completed job
A discrete job whose quantity planned equals the number of assemblies actually completed.
completed schedule
A repetitive schedule whose number of assemblies planned equals the number of assemblies actually completed.
completion date
The date you plan to complete production of the assemblies in a discrete job.
completion locator
An inventory location within a completion subinventory where you receive completed assemblies from work in process.
completion subinventory
An inventory location at the end of your production line where you receive completed assemblies from work in process. Often this is the supply subinventory for subassemblies or finished goods inventories for final assemblies.
component
A serviceable item that is a part or feature in another serviceable item. Your customers cannot report service requests against this type of serviceable item directly. You can reference components when you enter service requests against actual end item-type serviceable items, or products. For example, if you define three inventory items, A, B, and C, where A and B are products (end item-type serviceable items) but C is a component (non-end item-type serviceable item) of A, you can enter service requests against A and B directly, but not against C. When you enter a service request against product A, you can reference C because it is a component of A. See alsostandard component.
component demand
Demand passed down from a parent assembly to a component.
component item
An item associated with a parent item on a bill of material.
component yield
The percent of the amount of a component you want to issue to build an assembly that actually becomes part of that assembly. Or, the amount of a component you require to build plus the amount of the component you lose or waste while building an assembly. For example, a yield factor of 0.90 means that only 90% of the usage quantity of the component on a bill actually becomes part of the finished assembly.
compression days
The number of days the planning process suggests you compress the order (in other words, reduce the time between the start date and the due date).
concurrent manager
Components of your applications concurrent processing facility that monitor and run time-consuming tasks for you without tying up your terminal. Whenever you submit a request, such as running a report, a concurrent manager does the work for you, letting you perform many tasks simultaneously.
concurrent process
A task in the process of completing. Each time you submit a task, you create a new concurrent process. A concurrent process runs simultaneously with other concurrent processes (and other activities on your computer) to help you complete multiple tasks at once with no interruptions to your terminal.
concurrent queue
A list of concurrent requests awaiting completion by a concurrent manager. Each concurrent manager has a queue of requests waiting in line. If your system administrator sets up simultaneous queuing, your request can wait to run in more than one queue.
concurrent request
A request to complete a task for you. You issue a request whenever you submit a task, such as running a report. Once you submit a task, the concurrent manager automatically takes over for you, completing your request without further involvement from you, or interruption to your work. Concurrent managers process your request according to when you submit the request and the priority you assign to your request. If you do not assign a priority to your request, your application prioritizes the request for you.
configuration
A product a customer orders by choosing a base model and a list of options. It can be shipped as individual pieces as a set (kit) or as an assembly (configuration item).
configuration item
The item that corresponds to a base model and a specific list of options. Bills of Material creates a configuration item for assemble-to-order models.
configure-to-order
An environment where you enter customer orders by choosing a base model and then selecting options from a list of choices.
consigned location
The physical location of inventories which resides on the property of buyers and sellers through a consigned agreement with the manufacturer.
consume shortage backward
An option used to calculate ATP information by using surplus quantity from prior periods to cover a period shortage.
consume shortage forward
An option used to calculate ATP information by using surplus quantity from future ATP periods to cover a period shortage.
container
The receptacle (box, tank, etc.) in which items to be shipped are placed.
conversion
Converts foreign currency transactions to your ledger currency.
conversion formula
The number that, when multiplied by the quantity of one unit of the source base unit, gives you the quantity of one unit of the destination base units in the interclass conversion. The number is also the conversion between units for standard unit conversion or item-specific conversion.
cost group
An attribute of a project which allows the system to hold item unit costs at a level below the inventory organization. Within an organization, an item may have more than one cost if it belongs to multiple cost groups. Item costing can be specific to a single project if each project has a distinct cost group, or specific to a group of projects if all projects in that group are assigned to the same cost group.
cost transaction
The financial effect of your material, resource, overhead, job and period close, and cost update activities. For example, each material quantity transaction may have several cost accounting entries, and each accounting entry is a cost transaction.
Cost of Goods Sold Account
The general ledger account number affected by receipts, issuances and shipments of an inventory item. Oracle Order Management allows dynamic creation of this account number for shipments recording using the OE Account Generator item type in Oracle Workflow. See also
cost type
A set of costs for items, activities, resources, outside processing, and overheads. You may have unlimited cost types for each organization, but only one is used to record cost transactions. The Frozen Standard cost type is used for standard costing; the Average Costs type is used for Average costing. Others could be defined for simulation or temporary purposes.
cost variance
The difference between the actual and expected cost. Oracle Manufacturing and Payables supports the following cost variances: invoice price, resource rate, and standard cost variances.
cumulative manufacturing lead time
The total time required to make an item if you had all raw materials in stock but had to make all subassemblies level by level. Bills of Material automatically calculates this value. Purchased items have no cumulative manufacturing lead time.
cumulative total lead time
The total time required to make an item if no inventory existed and you had to order all the raw materials and make all subassemblies level by level. Bills of Material automatically calculates this value.
current average cost
The current weighted average cost per unit of an item before a transaction is processed. See
current on-hand quantity
Total quantity of the item on-hand before a transaction is processed.
current date
The present system date.
current projected on-hand
Quantity on-hand projected into the future if scheduled receipts are not rescheduled or cancelled, and new planned orders are not created as per recommendations made by the planning process. Calculated by the planning process as current supply: (nettable quantity on hand + scheduled receipts) - gross requirements. Note that gross requirements for projected on hand does not include derived demand from planned orders. Note also that the planning process uses current due dates rather than suggested due dates to pass down demand to lower level items.
customer address
A location where your customer can be reached. A customer may have many addresses. You can also associate business purposes with addresses. Also known as customer location. See alsocustomer site.
Customer/Item model
Allows you to define specific attributes for items per customer class, customer and ship-to/bill-to location. The loading order forward/reverse - inverted/non-inverted is an example of this attribute.
customer location
See: customer address.
customer site
A specific area or place, such as a building or a floor on a building, at a customer address. A customer address may have one or more related customer sites.
cutoff date
An indication of the last date to be included in a plan or horizon.
cycle counting
An inventory accuracy analysis technique where inventory is counted on a cyclic schedule rather than once a year.
D
date effectivity
A technique used to identify the effectivity date of a configuration change. A component change is controlled by effective date within the bill of material for the unchanged parent part number.
deletion constraint
A business rule that restricts the entities you can delete. A deletion constraint is a test that must succeed before an item, bill, or routing can be deleted.
deliver-to location
A location where you deliver goods previously received from a supplier to individual requestors.
delivery
A set of order lines to be shipped to a customer's ship-to location on a given date in a given vehicle. Multiple deliveries can be grouped into a single departure. A single delivery may include items from different sales orders and may include backorders as well as regular orders.
delivery line
A shippable and booked line from the planning pool which has been allocated to a delivery. After allocation, the line is no longer available in the planning pool. After the delivery is closed, the delivery line will also be considered closed.
demand
Projected inventory issue transactions against an item. For Order Management, it is an action you take to communicate current or future product needs to manufacturing.
demand class
A classification of demand to allow the master scheduler to track and consume different types of demand. A demand class may represent a particular grouping of customers, such as government and commercial customers. Demand classes may also represent different sources of demand, such as retail, mail order, and wholesale.
demand history
Historical inventory issue transactions against an item.
demand interface
A data collection point that collects and stores all sales order demand and reservation information.
demand management
The function of recognizing and managing all demands for products, to ensure the master scheduler is aware of them. This encompasses forecasting, order management, order promising (available to promise), branch warehouse requirements, and other sources of demand.
Demand Time Fence
Item attribute used to determine a future time inside which the planning process ignores forecast demand and only considers sales order demand when calculating gross requirements for an item. Use this attribute to identify a time fence inside which you wish to build to sales order demand only to reduce the risk of carrying excess inventory. A value of Cumulative manufacturing lead time means Master Scheduling/MRP calculates the demand time fence for the item as the plan date (or the next workday if the plan is generated on a non workday) plus the cumulative manufacturing lead time for the item. A value of Cumulative total lead time means Master Scheduling/MRP calculates the demand time fence for the item as the plan date (or the next workday if the plan is generated on a non workday) plus the total manufacturing lead time for the item. A value of Total lead time means Master Scheduling/MRP calculates the demand time fence for the item as the plan date (or the next workday if the plan is generated on a non workday) plus the total lead time for the item. A value of User-defined time fence means Master Scheduling/MRP calculates the demand time fence for the item as the plan date (or the next workday if the plan is generated on a non workday) plus the value you enter for Planning Time Fence Days for the item.
Demand Time Fence Days
Item attribute used when you set the Planning Time Fence attribute to User-defined time fence. Master Scheduling/MRP calculates the demand time fence for the item as the plan date (or the next workday if the plan is generated on a non workday) plus the value you enter here.
department
An area within your organization that consists of one or more people, machines, or suppliers. You can also assign and update resources to a department.
department class
A group of departments.
dependent demand
Demand for an item that is directly related to or derived from the demand for other items.
depot repair
A process used to track items returned by a customer for repair or replacement.
descriptive flexfield
A feature used to collect information unique to your business. You determine the additional information you need and descriptive flexfield lets you customize your application to your needs without additional programming.
destination base unit
The unit of measure to which you are converting when you define interclass conversions. Your destination base unit is the base unit of a unit class.
destination forecast
The forecast you load into when copying a forecast into another forecast.
destination organization
An inventory organization that receives item shipments from a given organization.
detailed message action
A message representing one exception. Oracle Alert inserts the exception values into the text of the message.
detailed scheduling
A method of scheduling production that considers minute to minute resource availability information as well as exact resource requirements from routings.
direct receipt
The receipt of an item directly to its final destination (either directly to the person who requested the item or directly to the final inventory location). It differs from a standard receipt in that it is received into a receiving location and delivered in one transaction, rather than received and delivered in two separate transactions.
disable date
A date when an Oracle Manufacturing function is no longer available for use. For example, this could be the date on which a bill of material component or routing operation is no longer active, or the date a forecast or master schedule is no longer valid.
discrete job
A production order for the manufacture of a specific (discrete) quantity of an assembly, using specific materials and resources, in a limited time. A discrete job collects the costs of production and allows you to report those costs including variances by job. Also known as work order or assembly order.
discrete manufacturing
A manufacturing environment where you build assemblies in discrete jobs or batches. Different from a repetitive production environment where you build assemblies on production or assembly lines at a daily rate.
dispatch report
A report that prioritizes planned production work based on operation schedule dates and times.
disposition
Directions that describe how to dispose of inventory affected by an ECO. Engineering uses ECO disposition for informational purposes only.
distribution account
An account where you record material, material overhead, resource, outside processing, and overhead charges incurred by a discrete job or repetitive assembly. In a standard costing system, this is where you record your standard costs.
distribution list
A predefined list of electronic mail IDs that you can use rather than entering individual mail IDs (To, Cc, and Bcc) when defining mail message alert actions in Oracle Quality.
distribution resource planning (DRP)
Application of replenishment inventory calculations to assist in planning of key resources contained in a distribution system, such as sourcing and transport. DRP is an extension of distribution requirements planning, which applies MRP logic to inventory replenishment at branch warehouses
dock date
The date you expect to receive a purchase order.
document reference
A message that precisely identifies the document or part of document you want to describe using standard or one-time notes.
document sets
A grouping of shipping documents you can run from the Confirm Shipments window.
drop shipment
A method of fulfilling sales orders by selling products without handling, stocking, or delivering them. The selling company buys a product from a supplier and has the supplier ship the product directly to customers.
DRP
See: distribution resource planning
due date
The date when scheduled receipts are currently expected to be received into inventory and become available for use.
dynamic lead time offsetting
A scheduling method that quickly estimates the start date of an order, operation, or resource. Dynamic lead time offsetting schedules using the organization workday calendar.
dynamically defined serial number
Creating and assigning serial numbers as you need them, instead of creating serial numbers before their assignment.
E
EDI
See: Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
effective date
Date when an Oracle Manufacturing function is available for use. For example, this could be the date a bill of material component or routing operation becomes effective, or the date you anticipate revised item changes become part of a bill of material and can no longer be controlled by an ECO.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
Exchanging business documents electronically between trading partners. EDI subscribes to standard formats for conducting these electronic transactions as stated by various standards.
elemental variance
A work in process variance between the standard of an assembly and the actual charges to a standard job or repetitive schedule distributed by cost element.
end assembly pegging
A Pegging item attribute option the planning process uses to decide when to calculate and print end assemblies for the item on the Planning Detail Report. Even if you do not select this option, you can still calculate and view end assemblies for the item on-line.
engineering item
A prototype part, material, subassembly, assembly, or product you have not yet released to production. You can order, stock, and build engineering items.
entity
A data object that holds information for an application.
exception
An occurrence of the specified condition found during an alert check. For example, an alert testing for invoices on hold may find five invoices on hold, or none. Each invoice on hold is an exception.
exception message
A message received indicating a situation that meets your predefined exception set for an item, such as Items that are overcommitted, Items with excess inventory, and Orders to be rescheduled out.
exception reporting
An integrated system of alerts and action sets that focuses attention on time-sensitive or critical information, shortens your reaction time, and provides faster exception distribution. Exception reporting communicates information by either electronic mail messages or paper reports.
expected receipts report
A printed report of all expected receipts for a time period and location you specify.
expenditure
A group of expenditure items incurred by an employee or organization for an expenditure period. Typical expenditures include Timecards and Expense Reports.
expense item
Anything you make, purchase, or sell including components, subassemblies, finished products, or supplies and that does not carry a cost. Also known as a non-asset item.
expense subinventory
Subdivision of an organization, representing either a physical area or a logical grouping of items, such as a storeroom where no value exists but the quantities may be tracked.
express delivery
An option that lets you deliver the entire quantity of a receipt without entering quantities for each shipment or distribution.
express receipt
A site option that lets you receive an entire purchase order or blanket purchase agreement release with one keystroke.
express requisitions
To create requisitions quickly from predefined requisition templates. You only need to provide an accounting flexfield and quantities to create a requisition for commonly purchased items.
F
FIFO (first-in-first-out) costing method
A cost flow method used for inventory valuation. Inventory balances and values are updated perpetually after each transaction is sequentially costed. It assumes that the earliest inventory units received or produced are the first units used or shipped. The ending inventory therefore consists of the most recently acquired goods. FIFO cost flow does not have to match the physical flow of inventory
FIFO Costing
Costing method where it is assumed that items that were received earliest are transacted first.
finished good
Any item subject to a customer order or forecast.
firm planned order
An MRP–planned order that is firmed using the Planner Workbench. This allows the planner to firm portions of the material plan without creating discrete jobs or purchase requisitions. Unlike a firm order, a MRP firm planned order does not create a natural time fence for an item
fixed days supply
An item attribute the planning process uses to modify the size and timing of planned order quantities for the item. The planning process suggests planned order quantities that cover net requirements for the period defined by the value you enter here. The planning process suggests one planned order for each period. Use this attribute, for example, to reduce the number of planned orders the planning process would otherwise generate for a discretely planned component of a repetitively planned item.
fixed lead time
The portion of the time required to make an assembly independent of order quantity, such as time for setup or tear down.
fixed lot size multiplier
An item attribute the planning process uses to modify the size of planned order quantities or repetitive daily rates for the item. For discretely planned items, when net requirements fall short of the fixed lot size multiplier quantity, the planning process suggests a single order for the fixed lot size multiplier quantity. When net requirements for the item exceed the fixed lot size multiplier quantity, the planning process suggests a single order with an order quantity that is a multiple of the fixed lot size multiplier quantity. For repetitively planned items, when average daily demand for a repetitive planning period falls short of the fixed lot size multiplier quantity, the planning process suggests a repetitive daily rate equal to the fixed lot size multiplier quantity. When average daily demand for a repetitive planning period exceeds the fixed lot size multiplier quantity, the planning process suggests a repetitive daily rate that is a multiple of the fixed lot size multiplier quantity.
fixed order quantity
An item attribute the planning process uses to modify the size of planned order quantities or repetitive daily rates for the item. When net requirements fall short of the fixed order quantity, the planning process suggests the fixed order quantity. When net requirements for the item exceed the fixed order quantity, the planning process suggests multiple orders for the fixed order quantity. For discretely planned items, use this attribute to define a fixed production or purchasing quantity for the item. For repetitively planned items, use this attribute to define a fixed production rate for the item. For example, if your suppliers can only supply the item in full truckload quantities, enter the full truckload quantity as the fixed order quantity for the item
focus forecasting
A simulation–based forecasting process that looks at past inventory activity patterns to determine the best simulation for predicting future demand.
forecast
An estimate of future demand on inventory items. A forecast contains information on the original and current forecast quantities (before and after consumption), the confidence factor, and any specific customer information. You can assign any number of inventory items to the forecast and use the same item in multiple forecasts. For each inventory item you specify any number of forecast entries.
forecast consumption
The process of subtracting demand generated by sales orders from forecasted demand thereby preventing demand being counted twice in the planning period.
forecast date
The date for a forecast entry for an item. A forecast for an item has a forecast date and an associated quantity.
forecast demand
A part of your total demand that comes from forecasts, not actual sales orders.
forecast end date
A forecast end date implies that until that date, the same quantity is scheduled for each day, week, or period that falls between the forecast date and the end date. A forecast date with no forecast end date is the quantity for that particular day, week, or period, depending on the bucket size.
forecast entry
A forecast for an inventory item stated by a date, an optional rate end date, and quantity.
forecast explosion
Explosion of the forecast for planning and model bills of material. The forecasted demand for the planning or model bill is passed down to create forecasted demand for its components. You can choose to explode the forecast when loading a forecast
forecast level
The level at which a forecast is defined. Also, the level at which to consume a forecast. Example forecast levels include items, customers, customer bill–to, and customer ship to locations.
forecast load
The process of copying one or more source forecasts into a single destination forecast. When copying forecasts, you can choose to overwrite all or a subset of existing entries in the destination forecast, specify whether to explode the source forecast, and specify whether to consume the source forecast. You can choose to modify the source forecast by a modification percent, or roll the source forecast forward or backward by a specified number of carry forward days. You can also load compiled statistical and focus forecasts from Inventory, and you can use the forecast interface table to load forecasts into Master Scheduling/MRP from external sources.
forecast set
A group of complementing forecasts. For each forecast set, you specify a forecast level, consumption use, update time fence days, outlier update percents, disable date, default time bucket and demand class. A forecast set can have one or many forecasts within it.
forward consumption days
A number of days forward from the current date used for consuming and loading forecasts. Consumption of a forecast occurs in the current bucket and as far forward as the forward consumption days. If the forward consumption days enters another bucket, the forecast consumes anywhere in that bucket, as well.
freight on board (FOB)
The point or location where the ownership title of goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer.
freight carrier
A commercial company used to send item shipments from one address to another.
frozen costs
Costs currently in use for an operation, process, or item including resources, material and overhead charges. Under standard costing, you use the frozen costs for your cost transactions.
G
general ledger transfer
The process of creating a postable batch for the general ledger from summarized inventory/work in process activity for a given period. Using
H
hit / miss tolerance
A limit you define for the difference between the on–hand quantity and the actual cycle count quantity. You express positive and negative hit/miss tolerances as percentages of the on–hand quantity.
I
initialization
Defines cycle count classes and items, based on an already existing ABC compile.
interorganization transfer
Transfer of items from one inventory organization to another You can have freight charges and transfer credits associated with inter–organization transfer. You can choose to ship items directly or have them go through intransit inventory.
intransit inventory
Items being shipped from one inventory organization to another. While items are intransit you can view and update arrival date, freight charges, and so on.
inventory controls
Parameter settings that control how Inventory functions.
inventory item
Items you stock in inventory. You control inventory for inventory items by quantity and value. Typically, the inventory item remains an asset until you consume it. You recognize the cost of an inventory item as an expense when you consume it or sell it. You generally value the inventory for an item by multiplying the item standard cost by the quantity on hand.
inventory parameters
The set of controls, default options, and default account numbers that determine how Inventory functions.
item attribute control level
To maintain item attributes at the item master attribute level or the organization specific level by defining item attribute control consistent with your company policies. For example, if your company determines serial number control at headquarters regardless of where items are used, you define and maintain serial number attribute control at the item master level. If each organization maintains serial number control locally, they maintain those attributes at the organization specific level.
item master level attribute
An item attribute you control at the item master level as opposed to controlling at the organization level.
item status
Code used to control the transaction activity of an item.
item validation organization
The organization that contains your master list of items. You define it by setting the OE: Item Validation Organization profile option.
K
kit
An item that has a standard list of components (or included items) you ship when you process an order for that item. A kit is similar to a pick–to–order model because it has shippable components, but it has no options and you order it directly by its item number, not using the configuration selection screen.
L
LIFO (last-in-first-out)
cost flow method used for inventory valuation. Inventory balances and values are updated perpetually after each transaction is sequentially costed. It assumes that the most recent inventory units received or produced are the first units used or shipped. The ending inventory consists of old goods acquired in the earliest purchases or completions
LIFO costing
Costing method where it is assumed that items that were received most recently are transacted first.
locator
Physical area within a subinventory where you store material, such as a row, aisle, bin, or shelf.
locator control
An Oracle Manufacturing technique for enforcing use of locators during a material transaction.
logical organization
A business unit that tracks items for accounting purposes but does not physically exist
lot
A specific batch of an item identified by a number.
lot control
An Oracle Manufacturing technique for enforcing use of lot numbers during material transactions thus enabling the tracking of batches of items throughout their movement in and out of inventory.
lot for lot
A lot sizing technique that generates planned orders in quantities equal to the net requirements in each period.
M
make-to-order
An environment where customers order unique configurations that must be manufactured using multiple discrete jobs and/or final assembly orders where the product from one discrete job is required as a component on another discrete job. Oracle Manufacturing does not provide special support for this environment beyond the support it provides for assemble–to–order manufacturing.
manufacturing material
Raw materials and work in process material.
master demand schedule
The anticipated ship schedule in terms of rates or discrete quantities, and dates
master production schedule
The anticipated build schedule in terms of rates or discrete quantities, and dates.
master schedule
The name referring to either a master production schedule or a master demand schedule.
material overhead
A rate or amount you allocate to the cost of your item, usually based on the total material value of the item. Typical examples include material handling, purchasing, and freight expenses. You may also charge material overhead on assembly completions and purchase order receipts as a fixed amount per item or lot, or base it on your activity costs.
material overhead default
Defaults you create for your material overheads. Used when you define your items. Your material overhead defaults may be for all items in an organization or for a specific category.
material overhead rate
A percentage of an item cost you apply to the item for the purposes of allocating material overhead costs. For example, you may want to allocate the indirect labor costs of your manufacturing facility to items based on a percentage of the item’s value and usage.
material requirements planning (MRP)
A process that utilizes bill of material information, a master schedule, and current inventory information to calculate net requirements for materials
material transaction
Transfer between, issue from, receipt to, or adjustment to an inventory organization, subinventory, or locator. Receipt of completed assemblies into inventory from a job or repetitive schedule. Issue of component items from inventory to work in process.
maximum order quantity
An item attribute the planning process uses to modify the size of planned order quantities or repetitive daily rates for the item. For discretely planned items, when net requirements exceed the maximum order quantity, the planning process suggests the maximum order quantity. For repetitively planned items, when average daily demand for a repetitive planning period exceeds the maximum order quantity, the planning process suggests the maximum order quantity as the repetitive daily rate. Use this attribute, for example, to define an order quantity above which you do not have sufficient capacity to build the item.
min-max planning
An inventory planning method used to determine when and how much to order based on a fixed user–entered minimum and maximum inventory levels.
minimum order quantity
An item attribute the planning process uses to modify the size of planned order quantities or repetitive daily rates for the item. For discretely planned items, when net requirements fall short of the minimum order quantity, the planning process suggests the minimum order quantity. For repetitively planned items, when average daily demand for a repetitive planning period falls short of the minimum order quantity, the planning process suggests the minimum order quantity as the repetitive daily rate. Use this attribute, for example, to define an order quantity below which it is not profitable to build the item.
model item
An item whose bill of material lists options and option classes available when you place an order for the model item.
N
new on-hand quantity
The quantity on–hand immediately after the transaction is performed and saved. Equal to current on–hand quantity plus total quantity
O
on-hand quantity
The physical quantity of an item existing in inventory.
organization
A business unit such as a plant, warehouse, division, department, and so on. Order Management refers to organizations as warehouses on all Order Management windows and reports.
organization specific level attribute
An item attribute you control at the organization level
outside processing
Performing work on a discrete job or repetitive schedule using resources provided by a supplier.
P
pending costs
The future cost of an item, resource, activity, or overhead. Not used by cost transactions.
physical inventory
A periodic reconciliation of item counts with system on–hand quantities.
physical tags
A tool for recording the on–hand quantity for a specific item in a specific location. A tag is most commonly a slip of paper posted at the item’s location.
pick list
A report that lists all component requirements sorted by supply type for a particular discrete job, repetitive schedule or production line.
picking rule
A user–defined set of criteria to define the priorities Order Management uses when picking items out of finished goods inventory to ship to a customer. Picking rules are defined in Oracle Inventory.
planned purchased order
A type of purchase order you issue before you order actual delivery of goods and services for specific dates and locations. You normally enter a planned purchase order to specify items you want to order and when you want delivery of the items. You later enter a shipment release against the planned purchase order when you actually want to order the items.
planning horizon
The amount of time a master schedule extends into the future.
planning item
A type of item representing a product family or demand channel whose bill of material contains a list of items and planning percentages.
post processing lead time
The time required to receive a purchased item into inventory from the initial supplier receipt, such as the time required to deliver an order from the receiving dock to its final destination.
predefined serial number
To define an alphanumeric prefix and a beginning
pre-processing lead time
The time required to place a purchase order or create a discrete job or repetitive schedule that you must add to purchasing or manufacturing lead time to determine total lead time. If you define this time for a repetitive item, the planning process ignores it.
primary unit of measure
The stocking unit of measure for an item in a particular organization
product
A finished item that you sell
project
A unit of work broken down into one or more tasks, for which you specify revenue and billing methods, invoice formats, a managing organization, and project manager and bill rates schedules. You can charge costs to a project, as well as generate and maintain revenue, invoice, unbilled receivable and unearned revenue information for a project.
project inventory
Any and all items and costs in both project subinventories and project work in process jobs.
project job
job A standard or non–standard WIP job with a project reference. The valuation accounts associated with this type of job will be project work in process. Any balance remaining in such a job when it is closed will be reported as a variance.
project locator
A locator with a project or project and task reference.
project manufacturing
The type of project that uses Projects with Manufacturing to track the costs of a manufacturing–related project against a project budget
project subinventory
A subinventory with a project reference into which terms can be delivered and out of which items can be issued and transferred.
project task
A subdivision of Project Work. Each project can have a set of top level tasks and a hierarchy of sub-tasks below each top level task. You can charge costs to tasks at the lowest level only.
pull transaction
A material transaction that automatically issues component items into work in process from inventory when you move or complete the assembly. Also known as post–deduct or backflush.
purchase order
A type of purchase order you issue when you request delivery of goods or services for specific dates and locations. You can order multiple items for each planned or standard purchase order. Each purchase order line can have multiple shipments and you can distribute each shipment across multiple accounts.
purchase order encumbrance
A transaction representing a legally binding purchase. Purchasing subtracts purchase order encumbrances from funds available when you approve a purchase order. If you cancel a purchase order, Purchasing creates appropriate reversing entries in your general ledger. Purchase order encumbrance is also known as obligation, encumbrance, or lien.
purchase price variance
The variance that you record at the time you receive an item in inventory or supplier services into work in process. This variance is the difference between the standard unit cost for the item or service and the purchase unit price multiplied by the quantity received. You record purchase price variances in a purchase price variance account for your organization. Since standard cost is a planned cost, you may incur variances between the standard cost and the purchase order price.
purchased item
An item that you buy and receive. If an item is also an inventory item, you may also be able to stock it
Q
quantity on hand
Current quantity of an item in inventory.
quantity variance tolerance
A limit you define for the difference between the on–hand quantity and the actual cycle count quantity. You express positive and negative quantity variance tolerances as percentages of the on–hand quantity.
R
raw material
Purchased items or extracted materials that are converted by the manufacturing process into components and/or products.
receipt
A shipment from one supplier that can include many items ordered on many purchase orders.
related item
An acceptable substitute you define for an item so that you may receive the item if your supplier cannot ship the original item on the purchase order.
reorder point planning
An inventory planning method used to determine when and how much to order based on customer service level, safety stock, carrying cost, order setup cost, lead time and average demand.
reservation
A guaranteed allotment of product to a specific sales order. A hold is placed on specific terms that assures that a certain quantity of an item is available on a certain date when transacted against a particular charge entity. Once reserved, the product cannot be allocated to another sales order or transferred in Inventory. Oracle Order Management checks ATR (Available to Reserve) to verify an attempted reservation.
resource
Anything of value, except material and cash, required to manufacture, cost, and schedule products. Resources include people, tools, machines, labor purchased from a supplier, and physical space.
return material authorization (RMA
Permission for a customer to return items. Receivables allows you to authorize the return of your sales orders as well as sales made by other dealers or suppliers, as long as the items are part of your item master and price list.
return to supplier
A transaction that allows you to return to the supplier items from a fully or partially received purchase order and receive credit for them.
revised item
Any item you change on an engineering change order. Revised items may be purchased items, subassemblies, finished goods.
revision
A particular version of an item, bill of material, or routing.
revision control
An inventory control option that tracks inventory by item revision and forces you to specify a revision for each material transaction.
routing
A sequence of manufacturing operations that you perform to manufacture an assembly. A routing consists of an item, a series of operations, an operation sequence, and operation effective dates.
S
safety stock
Quantity of stock planned to have in inventory to protect against fluctuations in demand and/or supply.
serial number
A number assigned to each unit of an item and used to track the item.
serial number control
A manufacturing technique for enforcing use of serial numbers during a material transaction.
serialized unit
The unique combination of a serial number and an inventory item.
service level
Percentage of demand that can be filled immediately by available inventory. It is used to determine the amount of inventory to carry as safety stock.
service material
Material used for the repair and/or maintenance of an assembled product.
shelf life
The amount of time an item may be held in inventory before it becomes unusable.
standard bill of material
A bill of material for a standard item, such as a manufactured product or assembly.
standard costing
A costing method where a predetermined standard cost is used for charging material, resource, overhead, period close, job close, and cost update transactions and valuing inventory. Any deviation in actual costs from the predetermined standard is recorded as a variance.
standard item
Any item that can have a bill or be a component on a bill except planning items, option classes, or models. Standard items include purchased items, subassemblies, and finished products.
standard purchase order
A type of purchase order you issue when you order delivery of goods or services for specific dates and locations for your company. Each standard purchase order line can have multiple shipments and you can distribute the quantity of each shipment across multiple accounts.
statistical forecasting
A mathematical analysis of past transaction history, last forecast quantities, and/or information specified by the user to determine expected demand.
subinventory
Subdivision of an organization, representing either a physical area or a logical grouping of items, such as a storeroom or receiving dock
substitute item
An item that can be used in place of a component. Master Scheduling/MRP suggests substitutes items on some reports
supplier
Provider of goods or services.
T
time fence
A policy or guideline established to note where various restrictions or changes in operating procedures take place. The planning process cannot create or reschedule orders within the planning time fence. This gives the planner the ability to stabilize the plan and thereby minimizing the nervousness of the system.
transaction cost
The cost per unit at which the transaction quantity is valued.
transaction manager
A concurrent program that controls your manufacturing transactions.
transaction quantity
The quantity of a transaction.
U
unit of measure
The unit that the quantity of an item is expressed.
unit of measure class
A group of units of measure and their corresponding base unit of measure. The standard unit classes are Length, Weight, Volume, Area, Time, and Pack.
unit of measure conversions
Numerical factors that enable you to perform transactions in units other than the primary unit of the item being transacted.
V
variable lead time
The time required to produce one additional unit of an assembly. To compute an item’s total lead time multiply variable lead time by order quantity, and add an item’s fixed lead time.
W
work in process
An item in various phases of production in a manufacturing plant. This includes raw material awaiting processing up to final assemblies ready to be received into inventory.
workday calendar
A calendar that identifies available workdays for one or more organizations. Master Scheduling/MRP, Inventory, Work in Process, and Capacity plan and schedule activities based on a calendar’s available workdays
work day exception set
An entity that defines mutually exclusive sets of workday exceptions. For each organization, you can specify a workday calendar and exception set.