Displaying and Accessing ZFS Snapshots
By default, snapshots are no longer displayed in the zfs list output. You must use the zfs list -t snapshot command to display snapshot information. Or, enable the listsnapshots pool property. For example:
# zpool get listsnapshots tank NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE tank listsnapshots off default # zpool set listsnapshots=on tank # zpool get listsnapshots tank NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE tank listsnapshots on local |
Snapshots of file systems are accessible in the .zfs/snapshot directory within the root of the containing file system. For example, if tank/home/ahrens is mounted on /home/ahrens, then the tank/home/ahrens@thursday snapshot data is accessible in the /home/ahrens/.zfs/snapshot/thursday directory.
# ls /tank/home/ahrens/.zfs/snapshot tuesday wednesday thursday |
You can list snapshots as follows:
# zfs list -t snapshot NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT pool/home/anne@monday 0 - 780K - pool/home/bob@monday 0 - 1.01M - tank/home/ahrens@tuesday 8.50K - 780K - tank/home/ahrens@wednesday 8.50K - 1.01M - tank/home/ahrens@thursday 0 - 1.77M - tank/home/cindys@today 8.50K - 524K - |
You can list snapshots that were created for a particular file system as follows:
# zfs list -r -t snapshot -o name,creation tank/home NAME CREATION tank/home/ahrens@tuesday Mon Aug 31 11:03 2009 tank/home/ahrens@wednesday Mon Aug 31 11:03 2009 tank/home/ahrens@thursday Mon Aug 31 11:03 2009 tank/home/cindys@now Mon Aug 31 11:04 2009 |
Snapshot Space Accounting
When a snapshot is created, its space is initially shared between the snapshot and the file system, and possibly with previous snapshots. As the file system changes, space that was previously shared becomes unique to the snapshot, and thus is counted in the snapshot's used property. Additionally, deleting snapshots can increase the amount of space unique to (and thus used by) other snapshots.
A snapshot's space referenced property is the same as the file system's was when the snapshot was created.
You can identify additional information about how the values of the used property are consumed. New read-only file system properties describe space usage for clones, file systems, and volumes. For example:
$ zfs list -o space NAME AVAIL USED USEDSNAP USEDDS USEDREFRESERV USEDCHILD rpool 25.4G 7.79G 0 64K 0 7.79G rpool/ROOT 25.4G 6.29G 0 18K 0 6.29G rpool/ROOT/snv_98 25.4G 6.29G 0 6.29G 0 0 rpool/dump 25.4G 1.00G 0 1.00G 0 0 rpool/export 25.4G 38K 0 20K 0 18K rpool/export/home 25.4G 18K 0 18K 0 0 rpool/swap 25.8G 512M 0 111M 401M 0 |
For a description of these properties, see Table 6–1.
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