Sun Studio 12: Fortran Library Reference

Preface

The Fortran Library Reference describes the intrinsic functions and routines in the Sun^TM Studio Fortran libraries. This reference manual is intended for programmers with a working knowledge of the Fortran language and the Solaris^TM operating environment.

This guide is intended for scientists, engineers, and programmers who have a working knowledge of the Fortran language and wish to learn how to use the Sun Fortran compilers effectively. Familiarity with the Solaris operating environment or UNIX® in general is also assumed.

Discussion of Fortran programming issues on Solaris operating environments, including input/output, application development, library creation and use, program analysis, porting, optimization, and parallelization can be found in the companion Fortran Programming Guide.

Typographic Conventions

Table P–1 Typeface Conventions


Typeface	Meaning	Examples
`AaBbCc123`	The names of commands, files, and directories; on-screen computer output	Edit your `.login` file. Use `ls` `-a` to list all files. `% You have mail.`
`AaBbCc123`	What you type, when contrasted with on-screen computer output	`%` `su` `Password:`
AaBbCc123	Book titles, new words or terms, words to be emphasized	Read Chapter 6 in the User’s Guide. These are called class options. You must be superuser to do this.
`AaBbCc123`	Command-line placeholder text; replace with a real name or value	To delete a file, type `rm` `filename`.

The symbol ∇ stands for a blank space where a blank is significant:

∇∇36.001

The FORTRAN 77 standard used an older convention, spelling the name “FORTRAN” capitalized. The current convention is to use lower case: “Fortran 95”
References to online man pages appear with the topic name and section number. For example, a reference to the library routine GETENV will appear as getenv(3F), implying that the man command to access this man page would be: man -s 3F getenv

Table P–2 Code Conventions


Code Symbol	Meaning	Notation	Code Example
[ ]	Brackets contain arguments that are optional.	`O[n]`	`-O4, -O`
{ }	Braces contain a set of choices for a required option.	`d{y\|n}`	`-dy`
\|	The “pipe” or “bar” symbol separates arguments, only one of which may be chosen.	`B{dynamic\|static}`	`-Bstatic`
:	The colon, like the comma, is sometimes used to separate arguments.	`Rdir[:dir]`	`-R/local/libs:/U/a`
…	The ellipsis indicates omission in a series.	-`xinline=f1[,…fn]`	`-xinline=alpha,dos`

Shell Prompts

Shell	Prompt
C shell	`machine-name%`
C shell superuser	`machine-name#`
Bourne shell, Korn shell, and GNU Bourne-Again shell	`$`
Superuser for Bourne shell, Korn shell, and GNU Bourne-Again shell	`#`

Supported Platforms

This Sun Studio release supports systems that use the SPARC® and x86 families of processor architectures: UltraSPARC^TM, SPARC64, AMD64, Pentium, and Xeon EM64T. The supported systems for the version of the Solaris Operating System you are running are available in the hardware compatibility lists at http://www.sun.com/bigadmin/hcl. These documents cite any implementation differences between the platform types.

In this document, these x86 related terms mean the following:

“x86” refers to the larger family of 64-bit and 32-bit x86 compatible products.
“x64’ points out specific 64-bit information about AMD64 or EM64T systems.
“32-bit x86” points out specific 32-bit information about x86 based systems.

For supported systems, see the hardware compatibility lists.

Accessing Sun Studio Documentation

You can access the documentation at the following locations:

The documentation is available from the documentation index that is installed with the software on your local system or network at file:/opt/SUNWspro/docs/index.html on Solaris platforms and at file:/opt/sun/sunstudio12/docs/index.html on Linux platforms.

If your software is not installed in the /opt directory on a Solaris platform or the /opt/sun directory on a Linux platform, ask your system administrator for the equivalent path on your system.
Most manuals are available from the docs.sun.com^sm web site. The following titles are available through your installed software on Solaris platforms only:
- Standard C++ Library Class Reference
- Standard C++ Library User’s Guide
- Tools.h++ Class Library Reference
- Tools.h++ User’s Guide
The release notes for both Solaris platforms and Linux platforms are available from the docs.sun.com web site.
Online help for all components of the IDE is available through the Help menu, as well as through Help buttons on many windows and dialog boxes, in the IDE.

The docs.sun.com web site (http://docs.sun.com) enables you to read, print, and buy Sun Microsystems manuals through the Internet. If you cannot find a manual, see the documentation index that is installed with the software on your local system or network.

Note –

Sun is not responsible for the availability of third-party Web sites mentioned in this document. Sun does not endorse and is not responsible or liable for any content, advertising, products, or other materials that are available on or through such sites or resources. Sun will not be responsible or liable for any actual or alleged damage or loss caused by or in connection with the use of or reliance on any such content, goods, or services that are available on or through such sites or resources.

Documentation in Accessible Formats

The documentation is provided in accessible formats that are readable by assistive technologies for users with disabilities. You can find accessible versions of documentation as described in the following table. If your software is not installed in the /opt directory, ask your system administrator for the equivalent path on your system.

Type of Documentation	Format and Location of Accessible Version
Manuals (except third-party manuals)	HTML at `http://docs.sun.com`
Third-party manuals: Standard C++ Library Class Reference Standard C++ Library User’s Guide Tools.h++ Class Library Reference Tools.h++ User’s Guide	HTML in the installed software on Solaris platforms through the documentation index at `file:/opt/SUNWspro/docs/index.html`
Readmes	HTML on the Sun Developer Network portal at `http://developers.sun.com/sunstudio/documentation/ss12`
Man pages	HTML in the installed software through the documentation index at `file:/opt/SUNWspro/docs/index.html` on Solaris platforms, and at `file:/opt/sun/sunstudio12/docs/index.html` on Linux platforms,
Online help	HTML available through the Help menu and Help buttons in the IDE
Release notes	HTML at `http://docs.sun.com`

Document Title	Description
Fortran Programming Guide	Describes how to write effective Fortran programs on Solaris environments; input/output, libraries, performance, debugging, and parallelization.
Fortran User’s Guide	Describes the compile-time environment and command-line options for the `f95` compiler.
OpenMP API User’s Guide	Summary of the OpenMP multiprocessing API, with specifics about the implementation.
Numerical Computation Guide	Describes issues regarding the numerical accuracy of floating-point computations.

Accessing Related Solaris Documentation

The following table describes related documentation that is available through the docs.sun.com web site.

Document Collection	Document Title	Description
Solaris Reference Manual Collection	See the titles of man page sections.	Provides information about the Solaris operating system.
Solaris Software Developer Collection	Linker and Libraries Guide	Describes the operations of the Solaris link-editor and runtime linker.
Solaris Software Developer Collection	Multithreaded Programming Guide	Covers the POSIX and Solaris threads APIs, programming with synchronization objects, compiling multithreaded programs, and finding tools for multithreaded programs.

Resources for Developers

Visit the Sun Developer Network Sun Studio portal at http://developers.sun.com/sunstudio to find these frequently updated resources:

Articles on programming techniques and best practices
Documentation of the software, as well as corrections to the documentation that is installed with your software
Information on support levels
User forums
Downloadable code samples
New technology previews

The Sun Studio portal is one of a number of additional resources for developers at the Sun Developer Network website, http://developers.sun.com.

Contacting Sun Technical Support

If you have technical questions about this product that are not answered in this document, go to:

http://www.sun.com/service/contacting

Sending Your Comments

Sun is interested in improving its documentation and welcomes your comments and suggestions. Submit your comments to Sun at this URL:

http://www.sun.com/hwdocs/feedback

Please include the part number of the document in the subject line of your email. For example, the part number for this document is 819-5259-10.