This section discusses several localization features contained in the Solaris 9 environment.
This section contains information about the Solaris 9 locale packages, localization content on the Solaris 9 CD-ROMs, localization functions in the interfaces, and script enabling.
All Solaris 9 locale packages are classified into two categories.
The first category is for partial locales, which are the enablers of the locales. With partial locales installed on the system, users can input, display, print text and run applications on the target locales, while the OS/GUI messages from Solaris are English. All partial locale packages are available on the Solaris Software CDs. Japanese and Asian pertial locales are packaged according to the language and the other partial locales are packaged according to the geographic region.
The second category is for full locale packages. These packages include translations of software messages, online help files, optional fonts, and language-specific features. Full locale packages provide the full set of language features to many languages. All locales based on the following languages are full locales:
German
French
Spanish
Swedish
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Simplified Chinese
Traditional Chinese
Full locale packages are packaged according to the language and are available on the Language CD.
Partial locale packages (locale enablers) must be installed in order for the full locales to be functional.
During the Solaris installation process, you are prompted to choose which geographic regions require your support. The locale support available after installation completes depends on the choices made at this stage. Partial locales are installed from the Solaris Software CD-ROMs with the Solaris 9 Operating Environment and full locales are installed from the Languages CD. If you do not need full locale support, you can skip the installation from the Languages CD-ROM during the installation process. Note that the English locale is installed as the default.
The new partial locales for this release are the addition of UTF–8 locales for Russian and Polish, two new locales for Catalan, a new Thai locale, a new Indic locale, two new Traditional Chinese locales, and a new Simplified Chinese locale. The locale names are:
ar_EG.UTF-8
ca_ES.ISO8859–1
ca_ES.ISO8859–15
fi_FI.UTF-8
fr_BE.UTF-8
pl_PL.UTF-8
pt_BR.UTF-8
ru_RU.UTF-8
tr_TR.UTF-8
th_TH.UTF-8
hi_IN.UTF-8
zh_HK.BIG5HK
This is a Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong) Big5–HKSCS locale. It is a full locale if the Traditional Chinese message packages are installed from the Languages CD.
zh_HK.UTF-8
This is a Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong) UTF—8 locale. It is a full locale if the Traditional Chinese message packages are installed from the Languages CD.
zh_CN.GB18030
This is a Simplified Chinese GB18030 locale. It is a full locale if the Simplified Chinese message packages are installed from the Languages CD.
The following tables list all the locales supported by the Solaris 9 environment. The locale names have been updated in keeping with international naming standards.
Table 3–1 AsiaTable 3–2 Australasia
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
en_AU.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Australia |
ISO8859-1 |
English (Australia) |
en_NZ.ISO8859-1 |
English |
New Zealand |
ISO8859-1 |
English (New Zealand) |
Table 3–3 Central America
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
es_CR.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Costa Rica |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Costa Rica) |
es_GT.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Guatemala |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Guatemala) |
es_NI.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Nicaragua |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Nicaragua) |
es_PA.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Panama |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Panama) |
es_SV.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
El Salvador |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (El Salvador) |
Table 3–4 Central Europe
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
cs_CZ.ISO8859-2 |
English |
Czech Republic |
ISO8859-2 |
Czech (Czech Republic) |
de_AT.ISO8859-1 |
German |
Austria |
ISO8859-1 |
German (Austria) |
de_AT.ISO8859-15 |
German |
Austria |
ISO8859-15 |
German (Austria, ISO8859-15 - Euro) |
de_CH.ISO8859-1 |
German |
Switzerland |
ISO8859-1 |
German (Switzerland) |
de_DE.UTF-8 |
German |
Germany |
UTF-8 |
German (Germany, Unicode 3.1) |
de_DE.ISO8859-1 |
German |
Germany |
ISO8859-1 |
German (Germany) |
de_DE.ISO8859-15 |
German |
Germany |
ISO8859-15 |
German (Germany, ISO8859-15 - Euro) |
fr_CH.ISO8859-1 |
French |
Switzerland |
ISO8859-1 |
French (Switzerland) |
hu_HU.ISO8859-2 |
English |
Hungary |
ISO8859-2 |
Hungarian (Hungary) |
pl_PL.ISO8859-2 |
English |
Poland |
ISO8859-2 |
Polish (Poland) |
pl_PL.UTF-8 |
English |
Poland |
UTF-8 |
Polish (Poland, Unicode 3.1) |
sk_SK.ISO8859-2 |
English |
Slovakia |
ISO8859-2 |
Slovak (Slovakia) |
Table 3–5 Eastern Europe
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
bg_BG.ISO8859-5 |
English |
Bulgaria |
ISO8859-5 |
Bulgarian (Bulgaria) |
et_EE.ISO8859-15 |
English |
Estonia |
ISO8859-15 |
Estonian (Estonia) |
hr_HR.ISO8859-2 |
English |
Croatia |
ISO8859-2 |
Croatian (Croatia) |
lt_LT.ISO8859-13 |
English |
Lithuania |
ISO8859-13 |
Lithuanian (Lithuania) |
lv_LV.ISO8859-13 |
English |
Latvia |
ISO8859-13 |
Latvian (Latvia) |
mk_MK.ISO8859-5 |
English |
Macedonia |
ISO8859-5 |
Macedonian (Macedonia) |
ro_RO.ISO8859-2 |
English |
Romania |
ISO8859-2 |
Romanian (Romania) |
ru_RU.KOI8-R |
English |
Russia |
KOI8-R |
Russian (Russia, KOI8-R) |
ru_RU.ANSI1251 |
English |
Russia |
ansi-1251 |
Russian (Russia, ANSI 1251) |
ru_RU.ISO8859-5 |
English |
Russia |
ISO8859-5 |
Russian (Russia) |
ru_RU.UTF-8 |
English |
Russia |
UTF-8 |
Russian (Russia, Unicode 3.1) |
sh_BA.ISO8859-2@bosnia |
English |
Bosnia |
ISO8859-2 |
Bosnian (Bosnia) |
sl_SI.ISO8859-2 |
English |
Slovenia |
ISO8859-2 |
Slovenian (Slovenia) |
sq_AL.ISO8859-2 |
English |
Albania |
ISO8859-2 |
Albanian (Albania) |
sr_YU.ISO8859-5 |
English |
Serbia |
ISO8859-5 |
Serbian (Serbia) |
tr_TR.ISO8859-9 |
English |
Turkey |
ISO8859-9 |
Turkish (Turkey) |
tr_TR.UTF-8 |
English |
Turkey |
UTF-8 |
Turkish (Turkey, Unicode 3.1) |
Table 3–6 Middle East
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
He |
English |
Israel |
ISO8859-8 |
Hebrew (Israel) |
Table 3–7 North Africa
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
ar_EG.UTF-8 |
English |
Egypt |
UTF-8 |
Arabic (Egypt) |
Ar |
English |
Egypt |
ISO8859-6 |
Arabic (Egypt) |
Table 3–8 North America
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
en_CA.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Canada |
ISO8859-1 |
English (Canada) |
en_US.ISO8859-1 |
English |
USA |
ISO8859-1 |
English (U.S.A.) |
en_US.ISO8859-15 |
English |
USA |
ISO8859-15 |
English (U.S.A., ISO8859-15 - Euro) |
en_US.UTF-8 |
English |
USA |
UTF-8 |
English (U.S.A., Unicode 3.1) |
fr_CA.ISO8859-1 |
French |
Canada |
ISO8859-1 |
French (Canada) |
es_MX.ISO8859–1 |
Spanish |
Mexico |
ISO8859–1 |
Spanish (Mexico) |
Table 3–9 Northern Europe
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
da_DK.ISO8859–1 |
English |
Denmark |
ISO8859–1 |
Danish (Denmark) |
da_DK.ISO8859–15 |
English |
Denmark |
ISO8859–15 |
Danish (Denmark, ISO8859–15–Euro) |
fi_FI.ISO8859–1 |
English |
Finland |
ISO8859–1 |
Finnish, Unicode 3.1) |
fi_FI.ISO8859–15 |
English |
Finland |
ISO8859–15 |
Finnish (Finland, ISO8859–15–Euro) |
fi_FI.UTF-8 |
English |
Finland |
UTF-8 |
Finnish (Finland) |
is_IS.ISO8859–1 |
English |
Iceland |
ISO8859–1 |
Icelandic (Iceland) |
no_NO.ISO8859–1@bokmal |
English |
Norway |
ISO8859–1 |
Norwegian (Norway-Bokmal) |
no_NO.ISO8859–1@nyorsk |
English |
Norway |
ISO8859–1 |
Norwegian (Norway-Nynorsk) |
sv_SE.ISO8859–1 |
Swedish |
Sweden |
ISO8859–1 |
Swedish (Sweden) |
sv_SE.ISO8859–15 |
Swedish |
Sweden |
ISO8859–15 |
Swedish (Sweden, ISO8859–15–Euro) |
sv_SE.UTF-8 |
Swedish |
Sweden |
UTF-8 |
Swedish (Sweden, Unicode 3.1) |
Table 3–10 South America
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
es_AR.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Argentina |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Argentina) |
es_BO.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Bolivia |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Bolivia) |
es_CL.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Chile |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Chile) |
es_CO.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Colombia |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Colombia) |
es_EC.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Ecuador |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Ecuador) |
es_PE.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Peru |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Peru) |
es_PY.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Paraguay |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Paraguay) |
es_UY.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Uruguay |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Uruguay) |
es_VE.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Venezuela |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Venezuela) |
pt_BR.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Brazil |
ISO8859-1 |
Portuguese (Brazil) |
pt_BR.UTF-8 |
English |
Brazil |
UTF-8 |
Portuguese (Brazil, Unicode 3.1) |
Table 3–11 South Europe
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
ca_ES.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Spain |
ISO8859-1 |
Catalan (Spain) |
ca_ES.ISO8859-15 |
English |
Spain |
ISO8859-15 |
Catalan (Spain, ISO8859-15 - Euro) |
el_GR.ISO8859-7 |
English |
Greece |
ISO8859-7 |
Greek (Greece) |
es_ES.ISO8859-1 |
Spanish |
Spain |
ISO8859-1 |
Spanish (Spain) |
es_ES.ISO8859-15 |
Spanish |
Spain |
ISO8859-15 |
Spanish (Spain, ISO8859-15 - Euro) |
es_ES.UTF-8 |
Spanish |
Spain |
UTF-8 |
Spanish (Spain, Unicode 3.1) |
it_IT.ISO8859-1 |
Italian |
Italy |
ISO8859-1 |
Italian (Italy) |
it_IT.ISO8859-15 |
Italian |
Italy |
ISO8859-15 |
Italian (Italy, ISO8859-15 - Euro) |
it_IT.UTF-8 |
Italian |
Italy |
UTF-8 |
Italian (Italy, Unicode 3.1) |
pt_PT.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Portugal |
ISO8859-1 |
Portuguese (Portugal) |
pt_PT.ISO8859-15 |
English |
Portugal |
ISO8859-15 |
Portuguese (Portugal, ISO8859-15 - Euro) |
Table 3–12 Western Europe
Locale |
User Interface |
Territory |
Codeset |
Language Support |
---|---|---|---|---|
en_GB.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Great Britain |
ISO8859-1 |
English (Great Britain) |
en_IE.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Ireland |
ISO8859-1 |
English (Ireland) |
fr_BE.ISO8859-1 |
French |
Belgium-Walloon |
ISO8859-1 |
French (Belgium-Walloon, Unicode 3.1) |
fr_BE.UTF-8 |
French |
Belgium-Walloon |
UTF-8 |
French (Belgium-Walloon, Unicode 3.1) |
fr_FR.ISO8859-1 |
French |
France |
ISO8859-1 |
French (France) |
fr_FR.UTF-8 |
French |
France |
UTF-8 |
French (France, Unicode 3.1) |
nl_BE.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Belgium-Flemish |
ISO8859-1 |
Dutch (Belgium-Flemish) |
nl_NL.ISO8859-1 |
English |
Netherlands |
ISO8859-1 |
Dutch (Netherlands) |
Many of the Solaris locales, especially the European and Unicode locales, allow input of various characters by using so-called “dead key sequences,” which are also known as Compose key sequences.
The Compose key sequence input is used to input characters with diacritical marks and other characters that are not shown on the keyboard key caps.
The following table shows a few examples of Compose key sequences. For more complete information about the Compose key sequences, see English/European Input Mode.
Table 3–13 Diacritical Characters Created With Compose Key
Mark |
Compose Key Combination |
Example |
---|---|---|
Diaeresis |
” |
Compose A “ —> A with diaeresis |
Caron |
V |
Compose Z v —> Z with caron |
Breve |
u |
Compose G u —> G with breve |
Ogonek |
a |
Compose A a —> A with Ogonek |
Cedilla |
, |
Compose K , —> K with cedilla |
Registered Sign |
R O |
Compose R O —> Registered sign |
Inverted Exclamation Mark |
! ! |
Compose ! ! —> Inverted Exclamation Mark |
If the current locale's codeset does not have a corresponding character, a compose sequence cannot be used. For example, since there is no Z with a caron in ISO8859–1, it is not possible to input a Z with a caron in the en_US.ISO8859–1 locale.
Solaris recognizes and supports various keyboards with different key layouts made for specific regions, and layout support for both Sun SPARC and Intel Architecture (IA) platforms. Solaris 9 supports the regional keyboards listed in the following table:
Table 3–14 Support for Regional Keyboards
Region |
Country |
Sun Keyboard (Type 4/5/5c) |
Sun Keyboard (Type 6) |
PC Keyboard |
---|---|---|---|---|
Asia |
Japan |
X |
X |
X |
|
Korea |
X |
X |
X |
|
Taiwan |
X |
X |
X |
Europe |
Belgium |
X |
X |
X |
|
Czech Republic |
X |
|
X |
|
Denmark |
X |
X |
X |
|
Finland |
|
X |
|
|
France |
X |
X |
X |
|
Germany |
X |
X |
X |
|
Great Britain |
X |
X |
X |
|
Greece |
X |
|
X |
|
Hungary |
X |
|
X |
|
Italy |
X |
X |
X |
|
Latvia |
X |
|
X |
|
Lithuania |
X |
|
X |
|
The Netherlands |
X |
X |
X |
|
Norway |
X |
X |
X |
|
Poland |
X |
|
X |
|
Portugal |
X |
X |
X |
|
Russia |
X |
X |
X |
|
Spain |
X |
X |
X |
|
Sweden |
X |
X |
X |
|
Switzerland (French) |
X |
X |
X |
|
Switzerland (German) |
X |
X |
X |
|
Turkey |
X |
X |
X |
America |
Canada (French) |
X |
X |
X |
|
Latin America (Spanish) |
X |
|
|
|
U.S.A. |
X |
X |
X |
Middle East |
Arabic |
X |
X |
|
For regions with keyboard layouts that conform to the International Standard, such as China, use the keyboard layout support provided for the U.S.A. to input the locale's characters. The underlying keyboard mappings are identical. Some countries, like Japan, Turkey, and Switzerland have multiple keyboards, because multiple languages are being used, or because multiple keyboard layouts exist.
Sun Type 4, 5, and 5c keyboards use Sun I/O interfaces through a Mini DIN 8–pin connection. Sun Type 6 keyboards have two versions of interfaces:
Sun I/O through a Mini DIN 8–pin connection
USB
Sun keyboard types are printed on the back of each Sun keyboard.
PC keyboards use various interfaces, such as PS/2 or USB, for example.
Users can change keyboard layouts in the Solaris product by using the DIP switch settings under most of Sun Type 4, 5 and 5c keyboards. A list of keyboard type, names and corresponding layout ids that can be used for the DIP switch settings is in the /usr/openwin/share/etc/keytables/keytable.map file.
Users cannot change the layouts of Type 6 keyboards because there are no DIP switches at the back of the keyboards. Some Type 5 and 5c keyboards, for instance, U.S.A., U.S.A./UNIX, and Japanese keyboards have jumpers instead of DIP switches. There are no utilities or tools for both SPARC and IA platforms (apart from a standard UNIX tool, like xmodmap(1)) bundled into the Solaris 9 operating environment for switching keyboards.
The following is a table of the layout id values for Type 4, 5, and 5c keyboards. (1 = switch up, 0 = switch down).
Table 3–15 Layouts for Type 4, 5, and 5c Keyboards
DIP Switch |
Keyboard (Keytable file) |
Setting in Binary |
---|---|---|
0 |
U.S.A. (US4.kt) |
000000 |
1 |
U.S.A. (US4.kt) |
000001 |
2 |
Belgium (FranceBelg4.kt) |
000010 |
3 |
Canada (Canada4.kt) |
000011 |
4 |
Denmark (Denmark4.kt) |
000100 |
5 |
Germany (Germany4.kt) |
000101 |
6 |
Italy (Italy4.kt) |
000110 |
7 |
The Netherlands (Netherland4.kt) |
000111 |
8 |
Norway (Norway4.kt) |
001000 |
9 |
Portugal (Portugal4.kt) |
001001 |
10 (0x0a) |
Latin America/Spanish (SpainLatAm4.kt) |
001010 |
11 (ox0b) |
Sweden (SwedenFin4.kt) |
001011 |
12 (0x0c) |
Switzerland/French (Switzer_Fr4.kt) |
001100 |
13 (0x0d) |
Switzerland/German (Switzer_Ge4.kt) |
001101 |
14 (0x0e) |
Great Britain (UK4.kt) |
001110 |
16 (0x10) |
Korea (Korea4.kt) |
010000 |
17 (0x11) |
Taiwan (Taiwan4.kt) |
010001 |
33 (0x21) |
U.S.A. (US5.kt) |
100001 |
34 (0x22) |
U.S.A./UNIX (US_UNIX5.kt) |
100010 |
35 (0x23) |
France (France5.kt) |
100011 |
36 (0x24) |
Denmark (Denmark5.kt) |
100100 |
37 (0x25) |
Germany (Germany5.kt) |
100101 |
38 (0x26) |
Italy (Italy5.kt) |
100110 |
39 (0x27) |
The Netherlands (Netherland5.kt) |
100111 |
40 (0x28) |
Norway (Norway5.kt) |
101000 |
41 (0x29) |
Portugal (Portugal5.kt) |
101001 |
42 (0x2a) |
Spain (Spain5.kt) |
101010 |
43 (0x2b) |
Sweden (Sweden5.kt) |
101011 |
44 (0x2c) |
Switzerland/French (Switzer_Fr5.kt) |
101101 |
45 (0x2d) |
Switzerland/German (Switzer_Ge5.kt) |
101110 |
46 (0x2e) |
Great Britain (UK5.kt) |
101111 |
47 (0x2f) |
Korea (Korea5.kt) |
101111 |
48 (0x30) |
Taiwan (Taiwan5.kt) |
110000 |
49 (0x31) |
Japan (Japan5.kt) |
110001 |
50 (0x32), see also 63 (0x3f) |
Canada/French (Canada_Fr5.kt) |
110010 |
51 0(x33) |
Hungary (Hungary5.kt) |
110011 |
52 (0x34 |
Poland (Poland5.kt) |
110100 |
53 (0x35) |
Czech (Czech5.kt) |
110101 |
54 (0x36) |
Russia (Russia5.kt) |
110110 |
55 (0x37) |
Latvia (Latvia5.kt) |
110111 |
56 (0x38) see also 62 (0x3e) |
Turkey-Q5 (TurkeyQ5.kt) |
111000 |
57 (0x39) |
Greece (Greece5.kt) |
111001 |
58 (0x3a) |
Arabic (Arabic5.kt) |
111011 |
59 (0x3b) |
Lithuania (Lithuania5.kt) |
111010 |
60 (0x3c) |
Belgium (Belgian5.kt) |
111100 |
62 (0x3e) |
Turkey-F5 (TurkeyF5.kt) |
111110 |
63 (0x3f) |
Canada/French (Canada_Fr5_TBITS5.kt) |
111111 |
Keytable file names with 4 are for a Type 4 keyboard. Keytable file names with 5 are for a Type 5 keyboard.
Changing the layout from one keyboard layout to another layout (Czech for example), requires the following steps:
Find out the correct DIP switch id (or layout id) either from the table or from the /usr/openwin/share/etc/keytables/keytable.mp file. The layout id value in the keytable.mp file is a decimal value.
For Czech, the layout id is 53 in decimal (0x35 in hexadecimal).
Convert the layout id to binary, or use a proper “Setting in Binary” value from the column in the above table. For base conversion, calculator utilities such as dtcalc(1) may be used.
The correct binary value for the Czech keyboard is 110101.
Become superuser. Shut down and power off the system.
Change the DIP switch settings at the back of the keyboard by using the binary value in step 2.
The first DIP switch is on your left. Move the switch up for “1” and down for “0”.
The Czech keyboard binary value 110101, corresponds to: up up down up down up.
Power on and boot the system for use.
Unlike Type 4 keyboards, Type 5 and 5c keyboards have only five DIP switches. For the Type 5 and 5c keyboards, disregard the first binary digit. For the Czech Type 5c keyboard, for example, the correct DIP switch settings are “Up Down Up Down Up”, using only the last five digits from 10101.
On Intel architecture systems, a keyboard is selected during the kdmconfig(1M) part of the installation. To change this at any time after installation, first exit your GUI desktop environment to the command-line mode. As superuser, type kdmconfig to run the program. Follow the instructions to get the desired keyboard layout.
The following figure shows the Arabic keyboard.
The following figure shows the Belgian keyboard.
The following figure shows the Cyrillic keyboard.
The following figure shows the Danish keyboard.
The following figure shows the Finnish keyboard.
The following figure shows the French keyboard.
The following figure shows the German keyboard.
The following figure shows the Italian keyboard.
The following figure shows the Japanese keyboard,
The following shows the Korean keyboard,
The following shows the Netherlands (Dutch) keyboard,
The following figure shows the Norwegian keyboard.
The following figure shows the Portuguese keyboard.
The following figure shows the Spanish keyboard.
The following figure shows the Swedish keyboard.
The following figure shows Swiss (French) keyboard.
The following figure shows the Swiss (German) keyboard.
The following figure shows the Traditional Chinese keyboard.
The following figure shows the Turkish F keyboard.
The following figure shows the Turkish Q keyboard.
The following figure shows the United Kingdom keyboard.
The following figure shows the United States keyboard.
The following figure shows the U.S.A./UNIX keyboard.