| Sun Ethernet Fabric Operating System CLI Base Reference Manual
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IP |
IP is an identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the IP address of the destination. The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255, for example 10.5.25.180.
Every computer that communicates over the Internet is assigned an IP address that uniquely identifies the device and distinguishes it from other computers. Within an isolated network, IP addresses can be assigned at random as long as each one is unique. However, to connect a private network to the Internet, registered IP addresses must be used (called Internet addresses) to avoid duplicates. The four numbers in an IP address are used in different ways to identify a particular network and a host on that network.
Four regional Internet registries--ARIN, RIPE NCC, LACNIC and APNIC--assign Internet addresses from the following three classes.
- Class A. Supports 16 million hosts on each of 126 networks
- Class B. Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks
- Class C. Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks
The number of unassigned Internet addresses is running out, so a new classless scheme called CIDR is gradually replacing the system based on classes A, B, and C.
2.1 IP Commands
The following SEFOS commands are available for the IPv4 module:
2.1.1 ip redirects
Enables sending ICMP redirect messages. The no form of the command disables sending ICMP redirect messages.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Sending of ICMP redirect messages is enabled.
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip redirects
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Notes
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The router may send an ICMP redirect message to the originator of the packet, when the packet enters an IP interface and exits the same interface. This message notifies the originator that there is a better gateway for the assigned destination address.
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.2 ip icmp redirects
Enables sending ICMP redirect messages. The no form of the command disables sending ICMP redirect messages.
ip icmp redirects {host | subnet}
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Syntax Description
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host - Sends ICMP host redirect messages.
subnet - Sends ICMP subnet redirect messages.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Sending of ICMP redirect messages is enabled.
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip redirects
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Notes
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The router may send an ICMP redirect message to the originator of the packet, when the packet enters an IP interface and exits the same interface. This message notifies the originator that there is a better gateway for the assigned destination address.
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2.1.3 ip unreachables
Enables sending ICMP unreachable message. The no form of the command disables sending ICMP unreachable messages.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Enabled
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip unreachables
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Notes
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This command enables the router to send an ICMP unreachable message to the source if the router receives a packet that has an unrecognized protocol or no route to the destination address.
ICMP provides a mechanism that enables a router or destination host to report an error in data traffic processing to the original source of the packet. ICMP messages provide feedback about problems that occur in the communication environment.
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.4 ip mask-reply
Enables sending ICMP mask-reply messages. The no form of the command disables sending ICMP mask-reply messages.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Enabled
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip mask-reply
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Notes
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ICMP is an extension to the Internet Protocol (IP) defined by RFC 792. ICMP supports packets containing error, control, and informational messages. The ping command, for example, uses ICMP to test an internet connection.
Hosts can find subnet masks by sending an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) mask request message. Routers respond to this request with an ICMP mask reply message. A gateway receiving an address mask request must return it with the address mask field set to the 32-bit mask of the bits identifying the subnet and network.
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.5 ip echo-reply
Enables sending ICMP echo reply messages. The no form of the command disables sending ICMP echo reply messages.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Enabled.
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip echo-reply
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Notes
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ICMP echo messages are sent to a remote host and are returned in an echo-reply response. The primary use of these messages is to check the availability of the target machine.
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.6 maximum-paths
Sets the maximum number of multipaths. The no form of the command sets the maximum number of multipaths to its default value.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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2
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# maximum-paths 3
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Notes
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This configuration is not saved and thus will not be effective once the switch is restarted.
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.7 ip rarp client request
Sets the number of RARP client request retries or interval between requests. The no form of the command sets the RARP client request retries or interval between retries to their default values.
ip rarp client request {interval 30-3000 | retries 2-10}
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no ip rarp client request {interval | retries}
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Syntax Description
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interval - The interval (in seconds) after which an unanswered RARP request is transmitted.
retries - The maximum number of retransmissions of RARP request packets.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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2
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip rarp client request interval 30
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Notes
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Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is used for diskless computers to determine their IP address using the network. RARP provides the opposite service to ARP in that it is used only when the Ethernet address is known and the IP address is needed.
RARP requests are most commonly sent by diskless clients and JumpStart clients during bootup. The client uses the RARP protocol to broadcast the Ethernet address and asks for the corresponding IP address.
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show ip rarp - Displays RARP configuration information
2.1.8 ip aggregate-route
Sets the maximum number of aggregate routes. The no form of the command sets the maximum number of aggregate routes to its default value.
ip aggregate-route 5-4095
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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10
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip aggregate-route 5
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Notes
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This command takes effect only after the configuration is saved and the router is restarted.
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.9 traffic-share
Enables traffic sharing (load sharing of IP packets). Traffic sharing finds routes with the least cost to evenly distrubute load. EIGRP provides intelligent traffic sharing.
Traffic sharing is controlled by selecting the mode of distribution. Traffic-sharing balances and distributes traffic proportionately to the ratio of metrics of different routes.
The no form of this command disables traffic sharing.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Load sharing is disabled.
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# traffic-share
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.10 ip path mtu discover
Enables path MTU discovery. The no form of the command disables path MTU discovery.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Disabled
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip path mtu discover
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Notes
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Overrides the route-based and application-level requests. When disabled, the MTU path is not discovered when requested by an application.
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.11 ip path mtu
Sets the MTU for usage in PMTU discovery. The no form of the command removes MTU in PMTU discovery.
ip path mtu dest-ip-addr type-of-service 68-65535
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no ip path mtu dest-ip-addr type-of-service
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Syntax Description
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dest-ip-addr - Destination IP address.
type-of-service - Type of service of the configured route.
68-65535 - Maximum transmission unit.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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type-of-service - 0
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip path mtu 10.0.0.1 0 1800
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Notes
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Path MTU discovery must be enabled to execute this command.
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2.1.12 ip rarp client
Enables RARP client. The no form of the command disables RARP client.
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Mode
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Interface Configuration
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Defaults
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Enabled
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Example
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SEFOS(config-if)# ip rarp client
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Notes
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When the IP address configuration mode is dynamic, the IP address of the default interface is obtained through RARP.
The RARP server is disabled when the RARP client is enabled.
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show interfaces - Displays all the interface details
show ip rarp - Displays RARP configuration information
2.1.13 ip directed-broadcast
Enables forwarding of directed broadcasts. The IP directed broadcast is an IP packet with a destination that has a valid IP subnet address, but the source is from a node outside the destination subnet. The routers from outside the subnet forward the IP directed broadcast like any other IP packet.
When the directed packets reach a router in the destination subnet, the packet is exploded as a broadcast in the subnet. The header information on the broadcast packet is rewritten for the broadcast address in the subnet. The packet is sent as link-layer broadcast.
The no form of this command disables forwarding of directed broadcasts.
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Mode
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Interface Configuration
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Defaults
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Disabled
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Example
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SEFOS(config-if)# ip directed-broadcast
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Notes
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Broadcasts a message to the particular subnet that the host belongs.
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show interfaces - Displays the interface status and configuration
2.1.14 show ip rarp
Displays RARP configuration information.
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Mode
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Privileged EXEC
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Example
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SEFOS# show ip rarp
RARP Configurations:
--------------------
Maximum number of RARP request retransmission retries is 4 RARP request retransmission timeout is 100 seconds
RARP Statistics:
----------------
0 responses discarded
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ip rarp client request - Sets the number of RARP client request retries
ip rarp client - Enables RARP client
2.1.15 show ip pmtu
Displays the configured PMTU entries.
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Mode
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Privileged EXEC
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Example
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SEFOS# show ip pmtu
Ip Path MTU Table
-----------------
Destination TOS PMTU
10.0.0.1 0 1800
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ip path mtu - Sets the MTU for usage in PMTUD
2.1.16 ping ip-address
Sends echo messages.
ping [ ip ] address [{repeat|count} packet_count(1-10)] [size packet_size(36-2080)] [source { ip-address | vlan short(1-4094) } ] [timeout time_out(1-100)]
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Syntax Description
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ip-address - IP address of the node to be pinged.
size - Size of the data portion of the ping PDU. This value ranges between 36 and 2080.
count - Number of times the given node address is to be pinged. This value ranges between 1 and 10.
timeout - Time in seconds after which the entity waiting for the ping response times out. This value ranges between 1 and 100 seconds.
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Mode
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User EXEC
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Defaults
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size packet_size - 40
count packet_count - 3
timeout - 1
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ping 10.0.0.2
Reply Received From :10.0.0.2, TimeTaken : 20 msecs
Reply Received From :10.0.0.2, TimeTaken : 10 msecs
Reply Received From :10.0.0.2, TimeTaken : 10 msecs
--- 10.0.0.2 Ping Statistics ---
3 Packets Transmitted, 3 Packets Received, 0% Packets Loss
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2.1.17 ip route
Adds a static route. The no form of the command deletes a static route. By default, no static routes are created.
ip route prefix mask {next-hop | Vlan 1-4094 | interface-type interface-id Cpu0} private
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no ip route prefix mask {next-hop | Vlan 1-4094 | interface-type interface-id Cpu0} private
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Syntax Description
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prefix - IP route prefix for the destination (destination IP address).
mask - Subnet mask for the destination.
next-hop - IP address or IP alias of the next hop that can be used to reach that network. You can add the route of the next hop only if the next hop network is accessible from SEFOS.
Vlan - VLAN identifier (1-0494).
interface-type - Interface type.
interface-id - Interface identifier.
Cpu0 - Out of band management interface.
private - Private route.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Distance - 1
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 Vlan 1 private
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Notes
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- When the next-hop object is unknown or not relevant, its value must be set to zero.
- Interface must be a router port.
- The IP address that you enter must match the subnet mask. In other words, if the IP address that you enter is 192.168.0.0, then the mask must be 255.255.0.0.
- The no ip route command used with the private option (for example, no ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 Vlan 1 private) will resets the private flag in the routing entry. This command does not remove the route. To remove the route, run the no ip route command without the private option.
- When you are adding a static route, you might see the error message “Nexthop name, Permanent options are not supported." Disregard this message. The static route will continue to be added.
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show ip route - Displays the IP routing table
2.1.18 ip routing
Enables IP routing. The no form of the command disables IP routing.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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Enabled.
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip routing
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Notes
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A static route is appropriate when SEFOS cannot dynamically build a route to the destination.
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2.1.19 ip default-ttl
Sets the TTL value. The no form of the command sets the TTL to the default value.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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64 seconds.
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip default-ttl 1
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Notes
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TTL is a value in an IP packet that tells a network router whether or not the packet has been in the network too long and must be discarded. The default Windows 95/98 TTL value is 32 seconds.
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show ip information - Displays IP configuration information
2.1.20 arp timeout
Sets the ARP cache timeout. The no form of the command sets the ARP cache timeout to its default value.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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300 (seconds)
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# arp timeout 35
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show ip arp - Displays IP ARP table for the given VLAN ID, IP Address of ARP entry, MAC Address of ARP entry, IP ARP summary table, ARP configuration information.
2.1.21 arp ip-address
Adds a static entry in the ARP cache. The no form of the command deletes a static entry from the ARP cache.
arp ip-address hardware-address {Vlan 1-4094 | interface-type interface-id | Cpu0}
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Syntax Description
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ip-address - IP address or IP alias to map to the specified MAC address.
hardware-addr - MAC address to map to the specified IP address or IP alias.
Vlan - VLAN identifier (1-4094).
Cpu0 - Out-of-band management interface.
interface-type - Interface type.
interface-id - Interface identifier.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# arp 10.203.120.21 00:11:22:33:44:55 Vlan 1
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Notes
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ARP is a protocol used by IP, specifically IPv4, to map IP network addresses to the hardware addresses used by a data link protocol. The phrase address resolution refers to the process of finding an address of a computer in a network.
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show ip arp - Displays IP ARP table for the given VLAN ID, IP Address of ARP entry, MAC Address of ARP entry, IP ARP summary table, ARP configuration information.
2.1.22 ip arp max-retries
Sets the maximum number of ARP request retries. The no form of the command sets the maximum number of ARP request retries to its default value.
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Mode
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Global Configuration
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Defaults
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3
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Example
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SEFOS(config)# ip arp max-retries 2
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Notes
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Configures the maximum number of ARP requests that the switch generates before deleting an unresolved ARP entry.
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show ip arp - Displays IP ARP table for the given VLAN ID, IP Address of ARP entry, MAC Address of ARP entry, IP ARP summary table, ARP configuration information.
2.1.23 show ip traffic
Displays the IP protocol statistics.
show ip traffic [interface {Vlan 1-4094 | tunnel 1-128 | interface-type interface-id hc}
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Syntax Description
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Vlan - VLAN identifier (1-4094).
tunnel - tunnel identifier (1-128).
interface-type - Interface type.
interface-ID - Interface identifier.
hc - High counters.
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Mode
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Privileged EXEC
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Example
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SEFOS# show ip traffic
IP Statistics
____________________
Rcvd: 0 total, 0 header error discards
0 bad ip address discards, 0 unsupported protocol discards
Frags: 0 reassembled, 30 timeouts, 0 needs reassembly
0 fragmented, 0 couldn’t fragment
Bcast: Sent: 0 forwarded, 0 generated requests
Drop:
0 InDiscards 0 InDelivers 0 InMcastPkts
0 InTruncated 0 InOctets 0 InNoRoutes
0 ReasmFails 0 InMcast Octets 0 InBcastPkts
0 OutDiscards 0 OutMcastPkts 0 OutFrgCreates
0 OutForwDgrms 0 OutTrnsmits 0 OutFrgRqds
0 OutOctets 0 OutMcstOctets 0 OutBcstPkts
0 DiscntTime 1000 RefrshRate
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2.1.24 show ip route
Displays the IP routing table.
show ip route [ {ip-address mask | connected | ospf | rip | static | summary}]
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Syntax Description
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ip-address - Destination IP address.
mask - Prefix mask for the destination.
connected - Directly connected network routes.
ospf -OSPF.
rip - RIP.
static - Static routes.
summary - Summary of all routes.
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Mode
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Privileged EXEC
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Example
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SEFOS# show ip route
S 20.0.0.0/8 [1] via 100.20.6.20
S 30.0.0.0/8 [4] via 120.20.6.20
S 40.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, vlan1
S 50.0.0.0/8 [1] via 100.20.6.21
C 100.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, vlan1
C 110.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, vlan2
C 120.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, vlan3
SEFOS# show ip route 20.0.0.0
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF
S 20.0.0.0/8 [1] via 100.20.6.20
SEFOS# show ip route 30.0.0.0 255.0.0.0
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, O - OSPF
S 30.0.0.0/8 [4] via 120.20.6.20
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2.1.25 show ip arp
Displays IP ARP table.
show ip arp [{Vlan 1-4094 | interface-type interface-id | ip-address | mac-address | summary | information}]
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Syntax Description
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Vlan - VLAN ID (1-4094).
interface-type - Interface type.
interface-ID - Interface identifier.
ip-address - IP address of ARP entry.
mac-address - MAC address of ARP entry.
summary - IP ARP table summary.
information - ARP configuration information.
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Mode
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Privileged EXEC
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Example
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SEFOS# show ip arp
Address Hardware Address Type Interface Mapping
------- ---------------- ---- --------- -------
110.20.6.99 00:11:22:44:55:66 ARPA vlan1 Static
100.20.6.99 00:11:22:33:44:55 ARPA vlan2 Static
110.20.6.101 00:5e:01:00:11:55 ARPA vlan2 Static
SEFOS# show ip arp vlan 1
Address Hardware Address Type Interface Mapping
----------- ---------------- ---- --------- -------
110.20.6.99 00:11:22:44:55:66 ARPA vlan1 Static
SEFOS# show ip arp 00:10:b5:66:a7:0e
Address Hardware Address Type Interface Mapping
------- ---------------- ---- --------- -------
100.20.6.20 00:10:b5:66:a7:0e ARPA vlan1 Dynamic
SEFOS# show ip arp 100.20.6.99
Address Hardware Address Type Interface Mapping
----------- ---------------- ---- --------- -------
100.20.6.99 00:11:22:33:44:55 ARPA vlan2 Static
SEFOS# show ip arp summary
3 IP ARP entries, with 0 of them incomplete
SEFOS# show ip arp information
ARP Configurations:
-------------------
Maximum number of ARP request retries is 10
ARP cache timeout is 7200 seconds
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2.1.26 show ip information
Displays IP configuration information.
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Mode
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Privileged EXEC
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Example
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SEFOS# show ip information
Global IP Configuration:
________________________
IP routing is enabled
Default TTL is 64
ICMP redirects are always sent
ICMP unreachables are always sent
ICMP echo replies are always sent
ICMP mask replies are always sent
Number of aggregate routes is 10
Number of multi-paths is 2
Load sharing is disabled
Path MTU discovery is disabled
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| Sun Ethernet Fabric Operating System CLI Base Reference Manual
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E26513-02
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