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Oracle® Fusion Applications Procurement Implementation Guide
11g Release 1 (11.1.3)
Part Number E20383-03
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Glossary

abstract role

A description of a person's function in the enterprise that is unrelated to the person's job (position), such as employee, contingent worker, or line manager. A type of enterprise role.

accounting flexfield

The chart of accounts that determines the structure, such as the number and order of individual segments, as well as the corresponding values per segment.

accounting method

A set of journal entry rules which determine how a subledger journal entry is to be created for each event class or event type.

action

The kind of access named in a security policy, such as view or edit.

ADF

Acronym for Application Developer Framework. A set of programming principles and rules for developing software applications.

application feature

A standardized functionality that is available to implemented.

application identity

Predefined application level user with elevated privileges. An application identity authorizes jobs and transactions for which other users are not authorized, such as a payroll run authorized to access a taxpayer ID while the user who initiated the job is not authorized to access such personally identifiable information.

application role

A role specific to applications and stored in the policy store.

Applications Core

Abbreviation for Oracle Fusion Middleware Extensions for Applications. The technical product code is FND.

assignment

A set of information, including job, position, pay, compensation, managers, working hours, and work location, that defines a worker's or nonworker's role in a legal employer.

automatic assignment catalog

A non-hierarchical catalog to which categories that match the catalog's Catalog Structure value are automatically added. Add categories and share categories actions are disabled for this catalog configuration.

balancing segment

A chart of accounts segment used to automatically balance all journal entries for each value of this segment.

beneficiary

A person or organization designated to receive benefits from a compensation plan on the death of the plan participant.

BPEL

Business Process Execution Language; a standard language for defining how to send XML messages to remote services, manipulate XML data structures, receive XML messages asynchronously from remote services, manage events and exceptions, define parallel sequences of execution, and undo parts of processes when exceptions occur.

browsing category

Parent or intermediate category that is associated with other categories in the catalog hierarchy, but has no assigned items.

business function

A business process, or an activity that can be performed by people working within a business unit and describes how a business unit is used.

business object

A resource in an enterprise database, such as an invoice or purchase order.

business unit

A unit of an enterprise that performs one or many business functions that can be rolled up in a management hierarchy.

calendar event

A period that signifies an event, such as a public holiday or a training course, that impacts worker availability.

catalog

A collection of categories used to classify items which can be organized into a hierarchy that represents a taxonomy.

category

Catalog component that is associated to a catalog to classify items.

chart of accounts

The account structure your organization uses to record transactions and maintain account balances.

clause adoption

Reusing a clause from the global business unit in local business units either by adopting the clause without change or by localizing it.

clause localization

A type of clause adoption where the adopted clause is edited to suit the local business unit needs.

condition

An XML filter or SQL predicate WHERE clause in a data security policy that specifies what portions of a database resource are secured.

constant

Holds the numeric value used to evaluate numeric conditions in Contract Expert rules. A constant permits you to reset the conditions of many rules with just one edit.

context

A grouping of flexfield segments to store related information.

context segment

The flexfield segment used to store the context value. Each context value can have a different set of context-sensitive segments.

context-sensitive segment

A flexfield segment that may or may not appear depending upon a context such as other information that has been captured. Context-sensitive segments are custom attributes that apply to certain entity rows based on the value of the context segment.

contingent worker

A self-employed or agency-supplied worker. Contingent worker work relationships with legal employers are typically of a specified duration. Any person who has a contingent worker work relationship with a legal employer is a contingent worker.

contract deviations

Differences between the contract terms in a contract and those in the contract terms template applied to that contract and any deviations from company policies as determined by Contract Expert feature rules.

Contract Expert

A feature of the application that permits you to create business rules in the Contract Terms Library to enforce corporate policies and standards for contracts.

contract terms deliverable

A task that needs to be performed as part of the execution of a procurement contract or negotiation and is tracked as part of the contract terms and conditions.

Contract Terms Library

A repository of standard clauses, contract terms templates, and business rules maintained by your organization.

Contract Terms Library

A repository of standard clauses, contract terms templates, and business rules built using Contract Expert.

contract terms template

A template of standard clauses set up in the Contract Terms Library applied during contract authoring either automatically by the application or manually by contract authors.

contract type

A setup that specifies enterprise contract content, including the presence of contract terms and contract lines.

corporate rate type

Rate you define to standardize rates used in conversion of one currency to another over a period of time. This rate is generally a standard market rate determined by senior financial management for use throughout the organization.

cost center

A unit of activity or group of employees used to assign costs for accounting purposes.

Cost Factor

Cost factors allow a buyer to identify and control for additional costs associated with a negotiation line. Cost factors can be calculated as either a per-unit cost, a percentage of the line price, or a fixed amount for the line.

cost organization

A grouping of inventory organizations that indicates legal and financial ownership of inventory, and which establishes common costing and accounting policies.

country holding company

A legal entity that acts on behalf of several divisions within an enterprise, and is the legal employer in a country.

data dimension

A stripe of data accessed by a data role, such as the data controlled by a business unit.

data instance set

The set of human capital management (HCM) data, such as one or more persons, organizations, or payrolls, identified by an HCM security profile.

data role

A role for a defined set of data describing the job a user does within that defined set of data. A data role inherits job or abstract roles and grants entitlement to access data within a specific dimension of data based on data security policies. A type of enterprise role.

data role template

A template used to generate data roles by specifying which base roles to combine with which dimension values for a set of data security policies.

data security

The control of access to data. Data security controls what action a user can taken against which data.

data security policy

A grant of entitlement to a role on an object or attribute group for a given condition.

database resource

An applications data object at the instance, instance set, or global level, which is secured by data security policies.

department

A division of a business enterprise dealing with a particular area of activity.

descriptive flexfield

Customizable expansion space, such as fields used to capture additional descriptive information or attributes about an entity, such as customer cases. Information collection and storage may be configured to vary based on conditions or context.

determinant

A value that determines which reference data set will be used in a specific business context.

determinant type

Designates the field within transactional columns that controls how data is shared across organizations such as business unit, asset book, cost organization or project unit. The type determines the reference data sets that would be used in a transaction.

determinant type

An additional and optional field within transactional columns (besides category and application) that is used to assign document sequences. The available determinant types are Business Unit, Ledger, Legal Entity, and Tax Registration.

determinant value

A value specific to the determinant type dimension of a document sequence. The determinant value is relevant in a document sequence assignment only if the document sequence has a determinant type. If Ledger is the determinant type for a document sequence, the determinant value is the specific ledger number whose documents are numbered by the document sequence.

division

A business-oriented subdivision within an enterprise. Each division is organized to deliver products and services or address different markets.

document sequence

A unique number that is automatically or manually assigned to a created and saved document.

document type

A categorization of person documents that provides a set of options to control what document information to retain, who can access the documents, whether the documents require approval, and whether the documents are subject to expiry. A document type exists for a combination of document category and subcategory.

document type

A categorization of contracts, including auction, blanket purchase agreement, contract purchase agreement, RFI, RFQ, standard purchase order, and enterprise contract.

duty role

A group of function and data privileges representing one duty of a job. Duty roles are specific to applications, stored in the policy store, and shared within an Oracle Fusion Applications instance.

employment terms

A set of information about a nonworker's or employee's job, position, pay, compensation, working hours, and work location that all assignments associated with the employment terms inherit.

enterprise

An organization with one or more legal entities under common control.

enterprise contract

A contract created in the Oracle Fusion Enterprise Contracts application.

enterprise role

Abstract, job, and data roles are shared across the enterprise. An enterprise role is an LDAP group. An enterprise role is propagated and synchronized across Oracle Fusion Middleware, where it is considered to be an external role or role not specifically defined within applications.

entitlement

Grants of access to functions and data. Oracle Fusion Middleware term for privilege.

extensible flexfield

Customizable expansion space, as with descriptive flexfields, but able to capture multiple sets of information within a context and multiple contexts grouped to appear in a named region of a user interface page. Some extensible flexfields allow grouping contexts into categories.

feature choice

A selection you make when configuring offerings that modifies a setup task list, or a setup page, or both.

fixed rate type

Rate you set between two currencies that remains constant. For example, a rate set between the euro currency and each Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) currency during the conversion to the euro currency.

flexfield

Grouping of extensible data fields called segments, where each segment is an attribute added to an entity for capturing additional information.

flexfield segment

An extensible data field that represents an attribute on an entity and captures a single atomic value corresponding to a predefined, single extension column in the Oracle Fusion Applications database. A segment appears globally or based on a context of other captured information.

function security

The control of access to a page or a specific widget or functionality within a page. Function security controls what a user can do.

global area

The region across the top of the user interface. It provides access to features and tools that are relevant to any page you are on.

global business unit

A business unit, designated as global during business unit setup, that can make its clauses and contract terms templates available for adoption by local business units.

grade

A component of the employment model that defines the level of compensation for a worker.

HCM

Abbreviation for Human Capital Management.

HCM data role

A job role, such as benefits administrator, associated with specified instances of Oracle Fusion Human Capital Management (HCM) data, such as one or more positions or all persons in a department.

HCM securing object

An HCM object that secures access to both its own data and data in other, related objects. For example, access to a specified set of person records can allow access to data secured by person records, such as goal plans and evaluations.

identity

A person representing a worker, supplier, or customer.

intent

Specifies if an object in the Contract Terms Library is used for procurement contracts or for sales contracts.

inventory organization

A logical or physical entity in the enterprise that is used to store definitions of items or store and transact items.

inventory organization

An organization that tracks inventory transactions and balances, and can manufacture or distribute products.

item master

A collection of data that describes items and their attributes recorded in a database file.

item organization

Item definition where inventory balances are not stored and movement of inventory is not tracked in the applications. Item attributes that carry financial and accounting information are hidden.

item subinventory

An association of an item with a subinventory that is created when you add an item to a subinventory.

job

A generic role that is independent of any single department or location. For example, the jobs Manager and Consultant can occur in many departments.

job role

A role for a specific job consisting of duties, such as an accounts payable manager or application implementation consultant. A type of enterprise role.

key flexfield

Configurable key consisting of multiple parts or segments, each of which may be meaningful individually or in combination with the others. Key flexfields are commonly implemented to represent part numbers and account numbers.

key flexfield segment instance

A single occurrence of a key flexfield segment in a key flexfield structure instance.

key flexfield structure

The arrangement of segments in a key flexfield. In some cases, multiple structures can be defined for a single key flexfield.

key flexfield structure instance

A single occurrence of a key flexfield structure that shares the same order of segments as every other instance of the key flexfield structure, but uses different value sets to validate the segments.

legal authority

A government or legal body that is charged with powers such as make laws, levy and collect fees and taxes, and remit financial appropriations for a given jurisdiction.

legal employer

A legal entity that employs people.

legal entity

An entity is identified and given rights and responsibilities under commercial law, through the registration with the country's appropriate authority.

legal reporting unit

The lowest level component of a legal structure that requires registrations. Used to group workers for the purpose of tax and social insurance reporting or represent a part of your enterprise with a specific statutory or tax reporting obligation.

legislative data group

A means of partitioning payroll and related data. At least one legislative data group is required for each country where the enterprise operates. Each legislative data group is associated with one or more payroll statutory units.

Line Attribute

When you add a line to a negotiation, you may choose to add one or more line attributes to that line. Line attributes define unique specifications that you set for a negotiation line and the details that a supplier should provide when responding to that negotiation line. Line attributes can be used to ensure that all responses submitted for the line include important details beyond just the price offered for the line.

line of business

Set of one or more highly related products which service a particular customer transaction or business need. Refers to an internal corporate business unit.

lookup code

A value available for lookup within a lookup type such as the code BLUE within the lookup type COLORS.

lookup type

A set of lookup codes to be used together as a list of values on a field in the user interface.

mainline

A branch of data that serves as a single source of truth.

managed person

In Oracle Fusion Human Capital Management security, a person for whom the user can maintain some information. For example, line managers can maintain information about their direct and indirect reports, and workers can maintain information about themselves, their dependents, and their beneficiaries.

manufacturing facilities

Employed in the making of goods for sale such as a factory or plant.

model profile

A collection of the work requirements and required skills and qualifications of a workforce structure, such as a job or position.

native catalog

A catalog that a user is managing.

natural account

Categorizes account segment values by account type, asset, liability, expense, revenue, or equity, and sets posting, budgeting, and other options.

natural account segment

A chart of accounts segment used to categorize your accounting transactions by account type: asset, liability, owner's equity, revenue, or expense.

numbering scheme

The style of numbering used for the sections and clauses in contract terms.

offering

A comprehensive grouping of business functions, such as Sales or Product Management, that is delivered as a unit to support one or more business processes.

OWLCS

Abbreviation for Oracle WebLogic Communication Services. Offers the TPCC service to Fusion applications and sets up the calls via SIP integration with the telephony network.

party fiscal classification

A classification used by a tax authority to categorize a party for a tax.

payroll statutory unit

A legal entity registered to report payroll tax and social insurance. A legal employer can also be a payroll statutory unit, but a payroll statutory unit can represent multiple legal employers.

pending worker

A person who will be hired or start a contingent worker placement and for whom you create a person record that is effective before the hire or start date.

person type

A subcategory of a system person type, which the enterprise can define. Person type is specified for a person at the employment-terms or assignment level.

personally identifiable information

Any piece of information that can potentially be used to uniquely identify, contact, or locate a single person. Within the context of an enterprise, some PII data can be considered public, such as a person's name and work phone number, while other PII data is confidential, such as national identifier or passport number.

PL/SQL

Abbreviation for procedural structured queried language.

position

A specific occurrence of one job, fixed within one department, also often one location. For example, the position Finance Manager is an instance of the job Manager in the Finance Department.

primary balancing segment value

A segment value used to represent a legal entity in the chart of accounts and automatically balance all intercompany and intracompany transactions and journal entries.

primary ledger

Main record-keeping ledger.

privilege

A grant or entitlement of access to functions and data. A privilege is a single, real world action on a single business object.

profile option

User preferences and system configuration options consisting of a name and a value, that can be set at hierarchical levels of an enterprise. Also called a profile or user option.

profile option level

A level at which profile option values are defined. Site, product, and user are predefined levels.

profile option level hierarchy

The ordering of profile option levels. The order of the levels in the hierarchy determines which levels take precedence.

profile option value

The value portion of a profile option's name and value. A profile option may have multiple values set at different levels, such as site or user.

project expenditure organization

An organization that can incur expenditures and hold financial plans for projects.

provision clause

A clause that is used only in negotiations and is dropped when the negotiation is converted to a contract.

PSTN

Abbreviation for public switched telephone network which is the network of the world's public circuit-switched telephone networks.

public person

In Oracle Fusion Human Capital Management security, a person for whom some basic information is publicly available. For example, users typically access the contact details of public persons, such as phone numbers and locations, using the person gallery.

reference data

Data in application tables that is not transactional and not high-volume such as sales methods, transaction types, or payment terms, and can be shared and used across organizational boundaries.

reference data set

Contains reference data that can be shared across a number of business units or other determinant types. A set supports common administration of that reference data.

reference group

A logical grouping of tables that correspond to logical entities such as payment terms defined across multiple tables or views. Grouping establishes common partitioning requirements across the entities causing them to share the same set assignments.

referenced category

A category within the native catalog that is shared from a designated source catalog. A reference category is not editable.

registration

The record of a party's identity related details with the appropriate government or legal authorities for the purpose of claiming and ensuring legal and or commercial rights and responsibilities.

role

Controls access to application functions and data.

role hierarchy

Structure of roles to reflect an organization's lines of authority and responsibility. In a role hierarchy, a parent role inherits all the entitlement of one or more child roles.

role mapping

A relationship between one or more job roles, abstract roles, and data roles and one or more conditions. Depending on role-mapping options, the role can be provisioned to or by users with at least one assignment that matches the conditions in the role mapping.

role provisioning

The automatic or manual allocation of an abstract role, a job role, or a data role to a user.

sandbox

A runtime session that commits changes out of reach of mainline users.

security profile

A set of criteria that identifies one or more human capital management (HCM) objects of a single type for the purposes of securing access to those objects. Security profiles can be defined for persons, organizations, positions, countries, LDGs, document types, payrolls, payroll flows, and workforce business processes.

security reference implementation

Predefined function and data security in Oracle Fusion Applications, including role based access control, and policies that protect functions, data, and segregation of duties. The reference implementation supports identity management, access provisioning, and security enforcement across the tools, data transformations, access methods, and the information life cycle of an enterprise.

segregation of duties

An internal control to prevent a single individual from performing two or more phases of a business transaction or operation that could result in fraud.

service provider model

A business unit that provides specific business functions for another business unit.

set

Reference data that is organized into groups appropriate to organizational entities, to enable reference data sharing.

set enabled

An entity, such as a lookup, customer, location, organization, or document attachment, that is allowed to participate in reference data sharing by drawing on the data of a reference data set.

shared category

A category within a source catalog that has been added to a native catalog as a referenced category. The category can be shared with one or more catalogs.

SOA

Abbreviation for service-oriented architecture.

spot rate type

Rate you enter to perform conversion based on this rate as of a specific date. This rate applies to the immediate delivery of a currency.

SQL predicate

A type of condition using SQL to constrain the data secured by a data security policy.

storage facilities

Commercial building for storage of goods such as a warehouse.

system person type

A fixed name that the application uses to identify a group of people.

system variable

A predefined variable that gets its value from an attribute of the contract or other document.

tax

The classification of a charge imposed by a government through a fiscal or tax authority.

tax exemption

A full or partial exclusion from taxes within a given time period.

tax jurisdiction

A geographic area where a tax is levied by a specific tax authority.

tax rate

The rate specified for a tax status for an effective time period. A tax rate can be expressed as a percentage or a value per unit quantity.

tax recovery

The full or partial reclaim of taxes paid on the purchase or movement of a product.

tax regime

The set of tax rules that determines the treatment of one or more taxes administered by a tax authority.

tax registration

The registration of a party with a tax authority that confers tax rights and imposes certain tax obligations.

tax rule

A user-defined rule that looks for a result for a specific tax determination process, such as determining place of supply or tax registration, in relation to a tax on a transaction.

tax status

The taxable nature of a product in the context of a transaction for a tax.

territory

A legally distinct region that is used in the country field of an address.

transaction fiscal classification

A classification used by a tax authority to categorize a transaction for a tax. There could be more than one by tax. For example, for Brazil, three classifications are required: a) transaction nature, such as free sample, demonstration, consignment, donation; b) transaction classification, such as the sale of products previously acquired, the sale of products that were manufactured by the company; and c) operation classification, such as ship from - ship to relationship.

tree

Information or data organized for display into a hierarchy with one or more root nodes connected to branches of nodes. Each node corresponds to data from one or more data sources. A tree must have a structure.

tree structure

Characteristics applied to trees, such as what data to include or how the tree is versioned and accessed.

tree version

An instance of a tree. If a tree is associated with a reference data set, all versions belong to one set. Includes life cycle elements such as start and end date and a status indicator whether the tree is active or not.

user rate type

Rate you enter at journal entry time to convert foreign currency transactions to your functional currency.

user variable

A variable that can be created by the Contract Terms Library administrator and used within clause text.

value set

A set of valid values against which values entered by an end user are validated. The set may be tree structured (hierarchical).

value-added tax (VAT)

An indirect tax on consumer expenditure that is collected on business transactions and imported goods. Value-added tax (VAT) is charged at each production, distribution, and retail stage in the supply of products. If customers are registered for VAT and use the supplies for taxable business purposes, then they will typically receive credit for the VAT that is paid.

work relationship

An association between a person and a legal employer, where the worker type determines whether the relationship is a nonworker, contingent worker, or employee work relationship.

workflow

An automated process in which tasks are passed from a user, a group of users, or the application to another for consideration or action. The tasks are routed in a logical sequence to achieve an end result.

workforce business process

A defined sequence of tasks, registered for the enterprise, that delivers a major business goal. The tasks may be allocated to multiple roles across multiple products.

XML filter

A type of condition using XML to constrain the data secured by a data security policy.