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man pages section 1: User Commands     Oracle Solaris 10 1/13 Information Library
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Document Information

Preface

Introduction

User Commands

acctcom(1)

adb(1)

addbib(1)

admin(1)

aedplot(1B)

alias(1)

allocate(1)

amt(1)

appcert(1)

apptrace(1)

apropos(1)

ar(1)

arch(1)

as(1)

asa(1)

at(1)

atoplot(1B)

atq(1)

atrm(1)

audioconvert(1)

audioplay(1)

audiorecord(1)

auths(1)

auto_ef(1)

awk(1)

banner(1)

basename(1)

basename(1B)

batch(1)

bc(1)

bdiff(1)

bfs(1)

bg(1)

bgplot(1B)

biff(1B)

break(1)

cal(1)

calendar(1)

cancel(1)

case(1)

cat(1)

cc(1B)

cd(1)

cdc(1)

cdrw(1)

chdir(1)

checkeq(1)

checknr(1)

chgrp(1)

chkey(1)

chmod(1)

chown(1)

chown(1B)

ckdate(1)

ckgid(1)

ckint(1)

ckitem(1)

ckkeywd(1)

ckpath(1)

ckrange(1)

ckstr(1)

cksum(1)

cktime(1)

ckuid(1)

ckyorn(1)

clear(1)

cmp(1)

cocheck(1F)

cocreate(1F)

codestroy(1F)

col(1)

comb(1)

comm(1)

command(1)

compress(1)

continue(1)

coproc(1F)

coreceive(1F)

cosend(1F)

cp(1)

cpio(1)

cpp(1)

cputrack(1)

crle(1)

crontab(1)

crtplot(1B)

crypt(1)

csh(1)

csplit(1)

ct(1C)

ctags(1)

ctrun(1)

ctstat(1)

ctwatch(1)

cu(1C)

cut(1)

date(1)

dc(1)

deallocate(1)

decrypt(1)

delta(1)

deroff(1)

df(1B)

dhcpinfo(1)

diff(1)

diff3(1)

diffmk(1)

digest(1)

digestp(1)

dircmp(1)

dirname(1)

dirs(1)

dis(1)

disable(1)

dispgid(1)

dispuid(1)

dos2unix(1)

download(1)

dpost(1)

dtappsession(1)

du(1)

du(1B)

dumbplot(1B)

dump(1)

dumpcs(1)

dumpkeys(1)

echo(1)

echo(1B)

echo(1F)

ed(1)

edit(1)

egrep(1)

eject(1)

elfdump(1)

elfedit(1)

elfsign(1)

elfwrap(1)

enable(1)

encrypt(1)

enhance(1)

env(1)

eqn(1)

errange(1)

errdate(1)

errgid(1)

errint(1)

erritem(1)

error(1)

errpath(1)

errstr(1)

errtime(1)

erruid(1)

erryorn(1)

eval(1)

ex(1)

exec(1)

exit(1)

expand(1)

export(1)

exportfs(1B)

expr(1)

expr(1B)

exstr(1)

face(1)

factor(1)

false(1)

fastboot(1B)

fasthalt(1B)

fc(1)

fdformat(1)

fg(1)

fgrep(1)

file(1)

file(1B)

filep(1)

filesync(1)

filofaxp(1)

find(1)

finger(1)

fmlcut(1F)

fmlexpr(1F)

fmlgrep(1F)

fmli(1)

fmt(1)

fmtmsg(1)

fold(1)

for(1)

foreach(1)

franklinp(1)

from(1B)

ftp(1)

ftpcount(1)

ftpwho(1)

function(1)

gcore(1)

gencat(1)

geniconvtbl(1)

genlayouttbl(1)

genmsg(1)

get(1)

getconf(1)

getfacl(1)

getfrm(1F)

getitems(1F)

getlabel(1)

getopt(1)

getoptcvt(1)

getopts(1)

gettext(1)

gettxt(1)

getzonepath(1)

gigiplot(1B)

glob(1)

goto(1)

gprof(1)

graph(1)

grep(1)

groups(1)

groups(1B)

grpck(1B)

hash(1)

hashcheck(1)

hashmake(1)

hashstat(1)

head(1)

help(1)

helpdate(1)

helpgid(1)

helpint(1)

helpitem(1)

helppath(1)

helprange(1)

helpstr(1)

helptime(1)

helpuid(1)

helpyorn(1)

history(1)

hostid(1)

hostname(1)

hp7221plot(1B)

hpplot(1B)

i286(1)

i386(1)

i486(1)

i860(1)

iAPX286(1)

iconv(1)

idnconv(1)

if(1)

implot(1B)

indicator(1F)

indxbib(1)

install(1B)

ipcrm(1)

ipcs(1)

isainfo(1)

isalist(1)

jobs(1)

join(1)

jsh(1)

kbd(1)

kdestroy(1)

keylogin(1)

keylogout(1)

kill(1)

kinit(1)

klist(1)

kmdb(1)

kmfcfg(1)

kpasswd(1)

krb5-config(1)

ksh(1)

ktutil(1)

lari(1)

last(1)

lastcomm(1)

ld(1)

ld(1B)

ldap(1)

ldapadd(1)

ldapdelete(1)

ldaplist(1)

ldapmodify(1)

ldapmodrdn(1)

ldapsearch(1)

ldd(1)

ld.so.1(1)

let(1)

lex(1)

limit(1)

line(1)

lint(1B)

list_devices(1)

listusers(1)

llc2_autoconfig(1)

llc2_config(1)

llc2_stats(1)

ln(1)

ln(1B)

loadkeys(1)

locale(1)

localedef(1)

logger(1)

logger(1B)

login(1)

logname(1)

logout(1)

longline(1F)

look(1)

lookbib(1)

lorder(1)

lp(1)

lpc(1B)

lpq(1B)

lpr(1B)

lprm(1B)

lpstat(1)

lptest(1B)

ls(1)

ls(1B)

m4(1)

mac(1)

mach(1)

machid(1)

madv.so.1(1)

mail(1)

Mail(1B)

mail(1B)

mailcompat(1)

mailp(1)

mailq(1)

mailstats(1)

mailx(1)

make(1S)

man(1)

mconnect(1)

mcs(1)

mdb(1)

mesg(1)

message(1F)

mixerctl(1)

mkdir(1)

mkmsgs(1)

mkstr(1B)

mktemp(1)

moe(1)

more(1)

mp(1)

mpss.so.1(1)

msgfmt(1)

mt(1)

mv(1)

nawk(1)

nca(1)

ncab2clf(1)

ncakmod(1)

neqn(1)

newform(1)

newgrp(1)

news(1)

newsp(1)

newtask(1)

nice(1)

NIS+(1)

nis+(1)

nis(1)

niscat(1)

nischgrp(1)

nischmod(1)

nischown(1)

nischttl(1)

nisdefaults(1)

niserror(1)

nisgrep(1)

nisgrpadm(1)

nisln(1)

nisls(1)

nismatch(1)

nismkdir(1)

nisopaccess(1)

nispasswd(1)

nisrm(1)

nisrmdir(1)

nistbladm(1)

nistest(1)

nl(1)

nm(1)

nohup(1)

notify(1)

nroff(1)

od(1)

on(1)

onintr(1)

optisa(1)

pack(1)

page(1)

pagesize(1)

pargs(1)

passwd(1)

paste(1)

patch(1)

pathchk(1)

pathconv(1F)

pax(1)

pcat(1)

pcred(1)

pdp11(1)

perl(1)

pfcsh(1)

pfexec(1)

pfiles(1)

pfksh(1)

pflags(1)

pfsh(1)

pg(1)

pgrep(1)

pkginfo(1)

pkgmk(1)

pkgparam(1)

pkgproto(1)

pkgtrans(1)

pkill(1)

pktool(1)

plabel(1)

pldd(1)

plimit(1)

plot(1B)

plottoa(1B)

pmap(1)

popd(1)

postdaisy(1)

postdmd(1)

postio(1)

postmd(1)

postplot(1)

postprint(1)

postreverse(1)

posttek(1)

ppgsz(1)

ppriv(1)

pr(1)

praliases(1)

prctl(1)

preap(1)

prex(1)

print(1)

printenv(1B)

printf(1)

priocntl(1)

proc(1)

prof(1)

profiles(1)

projects(1)

prs(1)

prt(1)

prun(1)

ps(1)

ps(1B)

psig(1)

pstack(1)

pstop(1)

ptime(1)

ptree(1)

pushd(1)

pvs(1)

pwait(1)

pwd(1)

pwdx(1)

ranlib(1)

rcapstat(1)

rcp(1)

rdist(1)

read(1)

readfile(1F)

readonly(1)

red(1)

refer(1)

regcmp(1)

regex(1F)

rehash(1)

reinit(1F)

remote_shell(1)

remsh(1)

renice(1)

repeat(1)

reset(1B)

reset(1F)

return(1)

rksh(1)

rlogin(1)

rm(1)

rmail(1)

rmdel(1)

rmdir(1)

rmformat(1)

roffbib(1)

roles(1)

rpcgen(1)

rpm2cpio(1)

rsh(1)

run(1F)

runat(1)

rup(1)

rup(1C)

ruptime(1)

rusage(1B)

rusers(1)

rwho(1)

sact(1)

sag(1)

sar(1)

sccs(1)

sccs-admin(1)

sccs-cdc(1)

sccs-comb(1)

sccs-delta(1)

sccsdiff(1)

sccs-get(1)

sccs-help(1)

sccs-prs(1)

sccs-prt(1)

sccs-rmdel(1)

sccs-sact(1)

sccs-sccsdiff(1)

sccs-unget(1)

sccs-val(1)

scp(1)

script(1)

sdiff(1)

sed(1)

sed(1B)

select(1)

set(1)

set(1F)

setcolor(1F)

setenv(1)

setfacl(1)

setlabel(1)

setpgrp(1)

settime(1)

sftp(1)

sh(1)

shell(1F)

shell_builtins(1)

shift(1)

shutdown(1B)

size(1)

sleep(1)

snca(1)

snmpstatus(1)

soelim(1)

sort(1)

sortbib(1)

sotruss(1)

source(1)

sparc(1)

spell(1)

spellin(1)

spline(1)

split(1)

srchtxt(1)

ssh(1)

ssh-add(1)

ssh-agent(1)

ssh-http-proxy-connect(1)

ssh-keygen(1)

ssh-keyscan(1)

ssh-socks5-proxy-connect(1)

stop(1)

strchg(1)

strconf(1)

strings(1)

strip(1)

stty(1)

stty(1B)

sum(1)

sum(1B)

sun(1)

suspend(1)

svcprop(1)

svcs(1)

switch(1)

symorder(1)

sysV-make(1)

t300(1)

t300(1B)

t300s(1)

t300s(1B)

t4013(1B)

t4014(1)

t450(1)

t450(1B)

tabs(1)

tail(1)

talk(1)

tar(1)

tbl(1)

tcopy(1)

tee(1)

tek(1)

tek(1B)

telnet(1)

test(1)

test(1B)

test(1F)

tftp(1)

time(1)

timemanp(1)

times(1)

timesysp(1)

timex(1)

tip(1)

tnfdump(1)

tnfxtract(1)

touch(1)

touch(1B)

tplot(1)

tput(1)

tr(1)

tr(1B)

trap(1)

troff(1)

true(1)

truss(1)

tset(1B)

tsort(1)

tty(1)

type(1)

typeset(1)

u370(1)

u3b(1)

u3b15(1)

u3b2(1)

u3b5(1)

ucblinks(1B)

ul(1)

ulimit(1)

umask(1)

unalias(1)

uname(1)

uncompress(1)

unexpand(1)

unget(1)

unhash(1)

unifdef(1)

uniq(1)

units(1)

unix2dos(1)

unlimit(1)

unpack(1)

unset(1)

unset(1F)

unsetenv(1)

until(1)

uptime(1)

users(1B)

uucp(1C)

uudecode(1C)

uuencode(1C)

uuglist(1C)

uulog(1C)

uuname(1C)

uupick(1C)

uustat(1C)

uuto(1C)

uux(1C)

vacation(1)

val(1)

valdate(1)

valgid(1)

valint(1)

valpath(1)

valrange(1)

valstr(1)

valtime(1)

valuid(1)

valyorn(1)

vax(1)

vc(1)

vedit(1)

ver(1)

vgrind(1)

vi(1)

view(1)

vipw(1B)

volcancel(1)

volcheck(1)

volmissing(1)

volrmmount(1)

vplot(1B)

vsig(1F)

w(1)

wait(1)

wc(1)

what(1)

whatis(1)

whence(1)

whereis(1B)

which(1)

while(1)

who(1)

whoami(1B)

whocalls(1)

whois(1)

write(1)

xargs(1)

xgettext(1)

xstr(1)

yacc(1)

yes(1)

ypcat(1)

ypmatch(1)

yppasswd(1)

ypwhich(1)

zcat(1)

zlogin(1)

zonename(1)

shell_builtins

, case

, for

, foreach

, function

, if

, repeat

, select

, switch

, until

, while

- shell command interpreter built-in commands

Description

The shell command interpreters csh(1), ksh(1), and sh(1) have special built-in commands. The commands case, for, foreach, function, if, repeat, select, switch, until, and while are commands in the syntax recognized by the shells. They are described in the Commands section of the manual pages of the respective shells. The remaining commands listed in the table below are built into the shells for reasons such as efficiency or data sharing between command invocations. They are described on their respective manual pages.

Command
Shell
alias
csh, ksh
bg
csh, ksh, sh
break
csh, ksh, sh
case
csh, ksh, sh
cd
csh, ksh, sh
chdir
csh, sh
continue
csh, ksh, sh
dirs
csh
echo
csh, ksh, sh
eval
csh, ksh, sh
exec
csh, ksh, sh
exit
csh, ksh, sh
export
ksh, sh
false
ksh
fc
ksh
fg
csh, ksh, sh
for
ksh, sh
foreach
csh
function
ksh
getopts
ksh, sh
glob
csh
goto
csh
hash
ksh, sh
hashstat
csh
history
csh
if
csh, ksh, sh
jobs
csh, ksh, sh
kill
csh, ksh, sh
let
ksh
limit
csh
login
csh, ksh, sh
logout
csh, ksh, sh
nice
csh
newgrp
ksh, sh
nohup
csh
notify
csh
onintr
csh
popd
csh
print
ksh
pushd
csh
pwd
ksh, sh
read
ksh, sh
readonly
ksh, sh
rehash
csh
repeat
csh
return
ksh, sh
select
ksh
set
csh, ksh, sh
setenv
csh
shift
csh, ksh, sh
source
csh
stop
csh, ksh, sh
suspend
csh, ksh, sh
switch
csh
test
ksh, sh
time
csh
times
ksh, sh
trap
ksh, sh
true
ksh
type
ksh, sh
typeset
ksh
ulimit
ksh, sh
umask
csh, ksh, sh
unalias
csh, ksh
unhash
csh
unlimit
csh
unset
csh, ksh, sh
unsetenv
csh
until
ksh, sh
wait
csh, ksh, sh
whence
ksh
while
csh, ksh, sh

Bourne Shell, sh, Special Commands

Input/output redirection is now permitted for these commands. File descriptor 1 is the default output location. When Job Control is enabled, additional Special Commands are added to the shell's environment.

In addition to these built-in reserved command words, sh also uses:

:

No effect; the command does nothing. A zero exit code is returned.

.filename

Read and execute commands from filename and return. The search path specified by PATH is used to find the directory containing filename.

C shell, csh

Built-in commands are executed within the C shell. If a built-in command occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last, it is executed in a subshell. In addition to these built-in reserved command words, csh also uses:

:

Null command. This command is interpreted, but performs no action.

Korn Shell, ksh, Special Commands

Input/Output redirection is permitted. Unless otherwise indicated, the output is written on file descriptor 1 and the exit status, when there is no syntax error, is zero.

Commands that are preceded by one or two * (asterisks) are treated specially in the following ways:

  1. Variable assignment lists preceding the command remain in effect when the command completes.

  2. I/O redirections are processed after variable assignments.

  3. Errors cause a script that contains them to abort.

  4. Words, following a command preceded by ** that are in the format of a variable assignment, are expanded with the same rules as a variable assignment. This means that tilde substitution is performed after the = sign and word splitting and file name generation are not performed.

In addition to these built-in reserved command words, ksh also uses:

* : [ arg . . . ]

The command only expands parameters.

* .file [ arg . . . ]

Read the complete file then execute the commands. The commands are executed in the current shell environment. The search path specified by PATH is used to find the directory containing file. If any arguments arg are given, they become the positional parameters. Otherwise, the positional parameters are unchanged. The exit status is the exit status of the last command executed. the loop termination test.

See Also

Intro(1), alias(1), break(1), cd(1), chmod(1), csh(1), echo(1), exec(1), exit(1), find(1), getoptcvt(1), getopts(1), glob(1), hash(1), history(1), jobs(1), kill(1), ksh(1), let(1), limit(1), login(1), logout(1), newgrp(1), nice(1), nohup(1), print(1), pwd(1), read(1), readonly(1), set(1), sh(1), shift(1), suspend(1), test(1B), time(1), times(1), trap(1), typeset(1), umask(1), wait(1), chdir(2), chmod(2), creat(2), umask(2), getopt(3C), profile(4), environ(5)