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Oracle Solaris Administration: IP Services     Oracle Solaris 10 1/13 Information Library
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Document Information

Preface

Part I Introducing System Administration: IP Services

1.  Oracle Solaris TCP/IP Protocol Suite (Overview)

Part II TCP/IP Administration

2.  Planning Your TCP/IP Network (Tasks)

3.  Introducing IPv6 (Overview)

4.  Planning an IPv6 Network (Tasks)

5.  Configuring TCP/IP Network Services and IPv4 Addressing (Tasks)

6.  Administering Network Interfaces (Tasks)

7.  Configuring an IPv6 Network (Tasks)

8.  Administering a TCP/IP Network (Tasks)

9.  Troubleshooting Network Problems (Tasks)

10.  TCP/IP and IPv4 in Depth (Reference)

11.  IPv6 in Depth (Reference)

What's New in IPv6 in Depth

IPv6 Addressing Formats Beyond the Basics

6to4-Derived Addresses

6to4-Derived Addressing on a Host

IPv6 Multicast Addresses in Depth

IPv6 Packet Header Format

IPv6 Extension Headers

Dual-Stack Protocols

Oracle Solaris IPv6 Implementation

IPv6 Configuration Files

ndpd.conf Configuration File

IPv6 Interface Configuration File

/etc/inet/ipaddrsel.conf Configuration File

IPv6-Related Commands

ipaddrsel Command

6to4relay Command

ifconfig Command Extensions for IPv6 Support

netstat Command Modifications for IPv6 Support

snoop Command Modifications for IPv6 Support

route Command Modifications for IPv6 Support

ping Command Modifications for IPv6 Support

traceroute Command Modifications for IPv6 Support

IPv6-Related Daemons

in.ndpd Daemon, for Neighbor Discovery

in.ripngd Daemon, for IPv6 Routing

inetd Daemon and IPv6 Services

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol

ICMP Messages From Neighbor Discovery

Autoconfiguration Process

Obtaining a Router Advertisement

Prefix Configuration Variables

Address Uniqueness

Neighbor Solicitation and Unreachability

Duplicate Address Detection Algorithm

Proxy Advertisements

Inbound Load Balancing

Link-Local Address Change

Comparison of Neighbor Discovery to ARP and Related IPv4 Protocols

IPv6 Routing

Router Advertisement

Router Advertisement Prefixes

Router Advertisement Messages

IPv6 Tunnels

Configured Tunnels

6to4 Automatic Tunnels

Topology of a 6to4 Tunnel

Packet Flow Through the 6to4 Tunnel

Considerations for Tunnels to a 6to4 Relay Router

IPv6 Extensions to Oracle Solaris Name Services

DNS Extensions for IPv6

Changes to the nsswitch.conf File

Changes to Name Service Commands

NFS and RPC IPv6 Support

IPv6 Over ATM Support

Part III DHCP

12.  About DHCP (Overview)

13.  Planning for DHCP Service (Tasks)

14.  Configuring the DHCP Service (Tasks)

15.  Administering DHCP (Tasks)

16.  Configuring and Administering the DHCP Client

17.  Troubleshooting DHCP (Reference)

18.  DHCP Commands and Files (Reference)

Part IV IP Security

19.  IP Security Architecture (Overview)

20.  Configuring IPsec (Tasks)

21.  IP Security Architecture (Reference)

22.  Internet Key Exchange (Overview)

23.  Configuring IKE (Tasks)

24.  Internet Key Exchange (Reference)

25.  IP Filter in Oracle Solaris (Overview)

26.  IP Filter (Tasks)

Part V IPMP

27.  Introducing IPMP (Overview)

28.  Administering IPMP (Tasks)

Part VI IP Quality of Service (IPQoS)

29.  Introducing IPQoS (Overview)

30.  Planning for an IPQoS-Enabled Network (Tasks)

31.  Creating the IPQoS Configuration File (Tasks)

32.  Starting and Maintaining IPQoS (Tasks)

33.  Using Flow Accounting and Statistics Gathering (Tasks)

34.  IPQoS in Detail (Reference)

Glossary

Index

IPv6 Routing

Routing in IPv6 is almost identical to IPv4 routing under Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR). The only difference is that the addresses are 128-bit IPv6 addresses instead of 32-bit IPv4 addresses. With very straightforward extensions, all of IPv4's routing algorithms, such as OSPF, RIP, IDRP, and IS-IS, can be used to route IPv6.

IPv6 also includes simple routing extensions that support powerful new routing capabilities. The following list describes the new routing capabilities:

You obtain the new routing capabilities by creating sequences of IPv6 addresses that use the IPv6 routing option. An IPv6 source uses the routing option to list one or more intermediate nodes, or topological group, to be visited on the way to a packet's destination. This function is very similar in function to IPv4's loose source and record route option.

To make address sequences a general function, IPv6 hosts are required, in most instances, to reverse routes in a packet that a host receives. The packet must be successfully authenticated by using the IPv6 authentication header. The packet must contain address sequences in order to return the packet to its originator. This technique forces IPv6 host implementations to support the handling and reversal of source routes. The handling and reversal of source routes is the key that enables providers to work with hosts that implement the new IPv6 capabilities such as provider selection and extended addresses.

Router Advertisement

On multicast-capable links and point-to-point links, each router periodically sends to the multicast group a router advertisement packet that announces its availability. A host receives router advertisements from all routers, building a list of default routers. Routers generate router advertisements frequently enough so that hosts learn of their presence within a few minutes. However, routers do not advertise frequently enough to rely on an absence of advertisements to detect router failure. A separate detection algorithm that determines neighbor unreachability provides failure detection.

Router Advertisement Prefixes

Router advertisements contain a list of subnet prefixes that is used to determine if a host is on the same link (on-link) as the router. The list of prefixes is also used for autonomous address configuration. Flags that are associated with the prefixes specify the intended uses of a particular prefix. Hosts use the advertised on-link prefixes to build and maintain a list that is used to decide when a packet's destination is on-link or beyond a router. A destination can be on-link even though the destination is not covered by any advertised on-link prefix. In such instances, a router can send a redirect. The redirect informs the sender that the destination is a neighbor.

Router advertisements, and per-prefix flags, enable routers to inform hosts how to perform stateless address autoconfiguration.

Router Advertisement Messages

Router advertisement messages also contain Internet parameters, such as the hop limit, that hosts should use in outgoing packets. Optionally, router advertisement messages also contain link parameters, such as the link MTU. This feature enables the centralized administration of critical parameters. The parameters can be set on routers and automatically propagated to all hosts that are attached.

Nodes accomplish address resolution by sending to the multicast group a neighbor solicitation that asks the target node to return its link-layer address. Multicast neighbor solicitation messages are sent to the solicited-node multicast address of the target address. The target returns its link-layer address in a unicast neighbor advertisement message. A single request-response pair of packets is sufficient for both the initiator and the target to resolve each other's link-layer addresses. The initiator includes its link-layer address in the neighbor solicitation.