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Managing ZFS File Systems in Oracle
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Solaris 11.2
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Updated: December 2014
Managing ZFS File Systems in Oracle
®
Solaris 11.2
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Chapter 1 Oracle Solaris ZFS File System (Introduction)
What's New in ZFS for Oracle Solaris?
What Is Oracle Solaris ZFS?
ZFS Pooled Storage
Transactional Semantics
Checksums and Self-Healing Data
Unparalleled Scalability
ZFS Snapshots
Simplified Administration
ZFS Terminology
ZFS Component Naming Requirements
Oracle Solaris ZFS and Traditional File System Differences
ZFS File System Granularity
ZFS Disk Space Accounting
Out of Space Behavior
Mounting ZFS File Systems
Traditional Volume Management
Solaris ACL Model Based on NFSv4
Chapter 2 Getting Started With Oracle Solaris ZFS
ZFS Rights Profiles
ZFS Hardware and Software Requirements and Recommendations
Creating a Basic ZFS File System
Creating a Basic ZFS Storage Pool
How to Identify Storage Requirements for Your ZFS Storage Pool
How to Create a ZFS Storage Pool
Creating a ZFS File System Hierarchy
How to Determine Your ZFS File System Hierarchy
How to Create ZFS File Systems
Chapter 3 Managing Oracle Solaris ZFS Storage Pools
Components of a ZFS Storage Pool
Using Disks in a ZFS Storage Pool
Using Slices in a ZFS Storage Pool
Using Files in a ZFS Storage Pool
Considerations for ZFS Storage Pools
Replication Features of a ZFS Storage Pool
Mirrored Storage Pool Configuration
RAID-Z Storage Pool Configuration
ZFS Hybrid Storage Pool
Self-Healing Data in a Redundant Configuration
Dynamic Striping in a Storage Pool
Creating and Destroying ZFS Storage Pools
Creating ZFS Storage Pools
Creating a Basic Storage Pool
Creating a Mirrored Storage Pool
Creating a ZFS Root Pool
Creating a RAID-Z Storage Pool
Creating a ZFS Storage Pool With Log Devices
Creating a ZFS Storage Pool With Cache Devices
Cautions For Creating Storage Pools
Displaying Storage Pool Virtual Device Information
Handling ZFS Storage Pool Creation Errors
Detecting In-Use Devices
Mismatched Replication Levels
Doing a Dry Run of Storage Pool Creation
Default Mount Point for Storage Pools
Destroying ZFS Storage Pools
Destroying a Pool With Unavailable Devices
Managing Devices in ZFS Storage Pools
Adding Devices to a Storage Pool
Attaching and Detaching Devices in a Storage Pool
Creating a New Pool By Splitting a Mirrored ZFS Storage Pool
Onlining and Offlining Devices in a Storage Pool
Taking a Device Offline
Bringing a Device Online
Clearing Storage Pool Device Errors
Replacing Devices in a Storage Pool
Designating Hot Spares in Your Storage Pool
Activating and Deactivating Hot Spares in Your Storage Pool
Managing ZFS Storage Pool Properties
Querying ZFS Storage Pool Status
Displaying Information About ZFS Storage Pools
Displaying Information About All Storage Pools or a Specific Pool
Displaying Pool Devices by Physical Locations
Displaying Specific Storage Pool Statistics
Scripting ZFS Storage Pool Output
Displaying ZFS Storage Pool Command History
Viewing I/O Statistics for ZFS Storage Pools
Listing Pool-Wide I/O Statistics
Listing Virtual Device I/O Statistics
Determining the Health Status of ZFS Storage Pools
Basic Storage Pool Health Status
Detailed Health Status
Gathering ZFS Storage Pool Status Information
Migrating ZFS Storage Pools
Preparing for ZFS Storage Pool Migration
Exporting a ZFS Storage Pool
Determining Available Storage Pools to Import
Importing ZFS Storage Pools From Alternate Directories
Importing ZFS Storage Pools
Importing a Pool With a Missing Log Device
Importing a Pool in Read-Only Mode
Importing a Pool By a Specific Device Path
Recovering Destroyed ZFS Storage Pools
Upgrading ZFS Storage Pools
Chapter 4 Managing ZFS Root Pool Components
About Managing ZFS Root Pool Components
Identifying ZFS Root Pool Requirements
ZFS Root Pool Space Requirements
ZFS Root Pool Configuration Requirements
Managing Your ZFS Root Pool
Installing a ZFS Root Pool
How to Update Your ZFS Boot Environment
How to Mount an Alternate BE
How to Configure a Mirrored Root Pool (SPARC or x86/VTOC)
How to Configure a Mirrored Root Pool (x86/EFI (GPT))
How to Replace a Disk in a ZFS Root Pool (SPARC or x86/VTOC)
How to Replace a Disk in a ZFS Root Pool (SPARC or x86/EFI (GPT))
How to Create a BE in Another Root Pool (SPARC or x86/EFI (GPT))
Managing Your ZFS Swap and Dump Devices
Adjusting the Sizes of Your ZFS Swap and Dump Devices
Troubleshooting ZFS Dump Device Issues
Booting From a ZFS Root File System
Booting From an Alternate Disk in a Mirrored ZFS Root Pool
Booting From a ZFS Root File System on a SPARC Based System
Booting From a ZFS Root File System on an x86 Based System
Booting For Recovery Purposes in a ZFS Root Environment
How to Boot the System For Recovery Purposes
Chapter 5 Managing Oracle Solaris ZFS File Systems
Managing ZFS File Systems
Creating, Destroying, and Renaming ZFS File Systems
Creating a ZFS File System
Destroying a ZFS File System
Renaming a ZFS File System
Introducing ZFS Properties
ZFS Read-Only Native Properties
The used Property
Settable ZFS Native Properties
The canmount Property
The casesensitivity Property
The copies Property
The dedup Property
The encryption Property
The recordsize Property
The share.smb Property
The volsize Property
ZFS User Properties
Querying ZFS File System Information
Listing Basic ZFS Information
Creating Complex ZFS Queries
Managing ZFS Properties
Setting ZFS Properties
Inheriting ZFS Properties
Querying ZFS Properties
Querying ZFS Properties for Scripting
Mounting ZFS File Systems
Managing ZFS Mount Points
Automatic Mount Points
Legacy Mount Points
Mounting ZFS File Systems
Using Temporary Mount Properties
Unmounting ZFS File Systems
Sharing and Unsharing ZFS File Systems
Legacy ZFS Sharing Syntax
New ZFS Sharing Syntax
ZFS Sharing with Per-Property Inheritance
ZFS Sharing Inheritance in Older Pools
ZFS Named Shares
ZFS Automatic Shares
Displaying ZFS Share Information
Changing ZFS Share Property Values
Publishing and Unpublishing ZFS Shares
Removing a ZFS Share
ZFS File Sharing Within a Non-Global Zone
ZFS Sharing Migration/Transition Issues
Troubleshooting ZFS File System Sharing Problems
Setting ZFS Quotas and Reservations
Setting Quotas on ZFS File Systems
Setting User and Group Quotas on a ZFS File System
Setting Reservations on ZFS File Systems
Encrypting ZFS File Systems
Changing an Encrypted ZFS File System's Keys
Managing ZFS Encryption Keys
Delegating ZFS Key Operation Permissions
Mounting an Encrypted ZFS File System
Upgrading Encrypted ZFS File Systems
Interactions Between ZFS Compression, Deduplication, and Encryption Properties
Examples of Encrypting ZFS File Systems
Migrating ZFS File Systems
How to Migrate a File System to a ZFS File System
Troubleshooting ZFS File System Migrations
Upgrading ZFS File Systems
Chapter 6 Working With Oracle Solaris ZFS Snapshots and Clones
Overview of ZFS Snapshots
Creating and Destroying ZFS Snapshots
Holding ZFS Snapshots
Renaming ZFS Snapshots
Displaying and Accessing ZFS Snapshots
Disk Space Accounting for ZFS Snapshots
Rolling Back a ZFS Snapshot
Identifying ZFS Snapshot Differences (zfs diff)
Overview of ZFS Clones
Creating a ZFS Clone
Destroying a ZFS Clone
Replacing a ZFS File System With a ZFS Clone
Sending and Receiving ZFS Data
Saving ZFS Data With Other Backup Products
Identifying ZFS Snapshot Streams
Sending a ZFS Snapshot
Receiving a ZFS Snapshot
Monitoring the Progress of ZFS Send Streams
Applying Different Property Values to a ZFS Snapshot Stream
Sending and Receiving Complex ZFS Snapshot Streams
Remote Replication of ZFS Data
Chapter 7 Using ACLs and Attributes to Protect Oracle Solaris ZFS Files
Solaris ACL Model
Syntax Descriptions for Setting ACLs
ZFS ACL Sets
ACL Inheritance
ACL Properties
Setting ACLs on ZFS Files
Setting and Displaying ACLs on ZFS Files in Verbose Format
Setting ACL Inheritance on ZFS Files in Verbose Format
Setting and Displaying ACLs on ZFS Files in Compact Format
Applying Special Attributes to ZFS Files
Chapter 8 Oracle Solaris ZFS Delegated Administration
Overview of ZFS Delegated Administration
Disabling ZFS Delegated Permissions
Delegating ZFS Permissions
Delegating ZFS Permissions (zfs allow)
Removing ZFS Delegated Permissions (zfs unallow)
Delegating ZFS Permissions Examples
Displaying ZFS Delegated Permissions Examples
Removing ZFS Delegated Permissions Examples
Chapter 9 Oracle Solaris ZFS Advanced Topics
ZFS Volumes
Using a ZFS Volume as a Swap or Dump Device
Using a ZFS Volume as an iSCSI LUN
Using ZFS on a Solaris System With Zones Installed
Adding ZFS File Systems to a Non-Global Zone
Delegating Datasets to a Non-Global Zone
Adding ZFS Volumes to a Non-Global Zone
Using ZFS Storage Pools Within a Zone
Managing ZFS Properties Within a Zone
Understanding the zoned Property
Copying Zones to Other Systems
Using a ZFS Pool With an Alternate Root Location
Creating a ZFS Pool With an Alternate Root Location
Importing a Pool With an Alternate Root Location
Importing a Pool With a Temporary Name
Chapter 10 Oracle Solaris ZFS Troubleshooting and Pool Recovery
Identifying ZFS Problems
Resolving General Hardware Problems
Identifying Hardware and Device Faults
Resolving Persistent or Transient Transport Errors
System Reporting of ZFS Error Messages
Identifying Problems With ZFS Storage Pools
Determining If Problems Exist in a ZFS Storage Pool
Reviewing ZFS Storage Pool Status Information
Overall Pool Status Information
ZFS Storage Pool Configuration Information
ZFS Storage Pool Scrubbing Status
ZFS Data Corruption Errors
Resolving ZFS Storage Device Problems
Resolving a Missing or Removed Device
Resolving a Removed Device
Physically Reattaching a Device
Notifying ZFS of Device Availability
Replacing or Repairing a Damaged Device
Determining the Type of Device Failure
Clearing Transient or Persistent Device Errors
Replacing a Device in a ZFS Storage Pool
Determining If a Device Can Be Replaced
Devices That Cannot be Replaced
Replacing a Device in a ZFS Storage Pool
Viewing Resilvering Status
Changing Pool Devices
Resolving Data Problems in a ZFS Storage Pool
Resolving ZFS Space Issues
ZFS File System Space Reporting
ZFS Storage Pool Space Reporting
Checking ZFS File System Integrity
File System Repair
File System Validation
Controlling ZFS Data Scrubbing
Explicit ZFS Data Scrubbing
ZFS Data Scrubbing and Resilvering
Repairing Corrupted ZFS Data
Identifying the Type of Data Corruption
Repairing a Corrupted File or Directory
Repairing Corrupted Data With Multiple Block References
Repairing ZFS Storage Pool-Wide Damage
Repairing a Damaged ZFS Configuration
Repairing an Unbootable System
Chapter 11 Recommended Oracle Solaris ZFS Practices
Recommended Storage Pool Practices
General System Practices
ZFS Storage Pool Creation Practices
General Storage Pool Practices
Root Pool Creation Practices
Non-Root Pool Creation Practices
Pool Creation Practices on Local or Network Attached Storage Arrays
Pool Creation Practices for an Oracle Database
Using ZFS Storage Pools in VirtualBox
Storage Pool Practices for Performance
ZFS Storage Pool Maintenance and Monitoring Practices
Recommended File System Practices
Root File System Practices
File System Creation Practices
File System Creation Practices for an Oracle Database
Monitoring ZFS File System Practices
Appendix A Oracle Solaris ZFS Version Descriptions
Overview of ZFS Versions
ZFS Pool Versions
ZFS File System Versions
Index
Index A
Index B
Index C
Index D
Index E
Index F
Index G
Index H
Index I
Index L
Index M
Index N
Index O
Index P
Index Q
Index R
Index S
Index T
Index U
Index V
Index W
Index X
Index Z
Language:
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ZFS Native Property Descriptions
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