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getent

- get entries from administrative database

用法概要

getent database [key]...

描述

getent gets a list of entries from the administrative database specified by database. The information generally comes from one or more of the sources that are specified for the database in /etc/nsswitch.conf.

database is the name of the database to be examined. This can be passwd, group, hosts, ipnodes, services, protocols, auth_attr or exec_attr. For each of these databases, getent uses the appropriate library routines described in getpwnam(3C), getgrnam(3C), gethostbyaddr(3NSL), gethostbyname(3NSL), getipnodebyaddr(3SOCKET), getipnodebyname(3SOCKET), getservbyname(3SOCKET), getprotobyname(3SOCKET), getprofattr(3C), getauthattr(3C), and getexecattr(3C), respectively.

Each key must be in a format appropriate for searching on the respective database. For example, it can be a username or numeric-uid for passwd; hostname or IP address for hosts; or service, service/protocol, port, or port/proto for services.

getent prints out the database entries that match each of the supplied keys, one per line, in the format of the matching administrative file: passwd(4), group(4), project(4), networks(4), netmasks(4), user_attr(4), prof_attr(4), auth_attr(4), or exec_attr(4). The key for exec_attr(4) is a profile name. If no key is given, all entries returned by the corresponding enumeration library routine, for example, getpwent() or gethostent(), are printed. Enumeration is not supported on ipnodes, ethers, and netmasks.

Key Interpretation for passwd and group Databases

When getent is invoked with database set to passwd, each key value is processed as follows:

• If the key value consists only of numeric characters, getent assumes that the key value is a numeric user ID and searches the user database for a matching user ID.

• If the user ID is not found in the user database or if the key value contains any non-numeric characters, getent assumes the key value is a user name and searches the user database for a matching user name.

Similarly, when getent is invoked with database set to group, each key value is processed as follows:

• If the key value consists only of numeric characters, getent assumes that the key value is a numeric group ID and searches the group database for a matching group ID.

• If the group ID is not found in the group database or if the key value contains any non-numeric characters, getent assumes the key value is a group name and searches the group database for a matching group name.

When getent is invoked with database set to user_attr(4), each key value is processed as follows:

• If the key value consists only of numeric characters, getent assumes that the key value is a numeric user ID and searches the user database for a matching user ID.

• If the key value contains any non-numeric characters, getent assumes the key value is a user name and searches the user database for a matching user name.

退出状态

The following exit values are returned:

0

Successful completion.

1

Command syntax was incorrect, an invalid option was used, or an internal error occurred.

2

At least one of the specified entry names was not found in the database.

3

There is no support for enumeration on this database.

文件

/etc/nsswitch.conf

name service switch configuration file

/etc/passwd

password file

/etc/group

group file

/etc/inet/hosts

IPv4 and IPv6 host name database

/etc/services

Internet services and aliases

/etc/project

project file

/etc/protocols

protocol name database

/etc/ethers

Ethernet address to hostname database or domain

/etc/networks

network name database

/etc/netmasks

network mask database

/etc/user_attr

Extended user attributes

/etc/security/prof_attr

Profile description database

/etc/security/auth_attr

Authorization description

/etc/security/exec_attr

Execution profiles database

属性

See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

另请参见

ethers(3SOCKET), getgrnam(3C), gethostbyaddr(3NSL), gethostbyname(3NSL), gethostent(3NSL), getipnodebyaddr(3SOCKET), getipnodebyname(3SOCKET), getnetbyname(3SOCKET), getprojbyname(3PROJECT), getprotobyname(3SOCKET), getpwnam(3C), getservbyname(3SOCKET), getauthattr(3C), getexecattr(3C), getprofattr(3C), getuserattr(3C), ethers(4), group(4), hosts(4), netmasks(4), networks(4), nsswitch.conf(4), auth_attr(4), exec_attr(4), passwd(4), prof_attr(4), project(4), protocols(4), services(4), user_attr(4), attributes(5)