You can check if the modems or other ACUs are not working properly in several ways.
Run uustat -q. This will give counts and reasons for contact failure.
Run cu -d -lline, where line is /dev/cua/a. This lets you call over a particular line and print debugging information on the attempt. The line must be defined as direct in the /etc/uucp/Devices file. (You must add a telephone number to the end of the command line if the line is connected to an autodialer or the device must be set up as direct.)