Oracle8i Enterprise Edition for Windows NT Getting Started
Release 8.1.5 for Windows NT

A68694-01


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D
Net8 Configuration Parameters, Services, and Port Numbers

This chapter describes configuration for the Windows NT, Windows 95 or 98 platforms. For an overview of Net8 configuration in general, see the Net8 Administrator's Guide.

Specific topics discussed:

Understanding Net8 Registry Parameter and Subkeys

Net8 contains the registry entries Net8 Parameters and Net8 Service Subkeys. To successfully add or modify Net8 configuration parameters, you must understand where they are located and the rules that apply to them.

Net8 Parameters

The location of the Oracle Net8 directory is

KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ORACLE\HOMEID

where ID is incremented for each additional Oracle home directory on your computer (for example, HOME0 is for a first directory, HOME1 is for a second directory, and so forth).

Net8 Service Subkeys

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CURRENTCONTROLSET\SERVICES contains subkeys that correspond to services. Depending on what is installed, your Net8 services will consist of all or a subset of the following:

  • OracleHOME_NAMEClientCache
  • OracleHOME_NAMECMAdmin
  • OracleHOME_NAMECMan
  • OracleHOME_NAMENames
  • OracleHOME_NAMETNSListener

  •  

Each service subkey contains the following parameters:
Parameter Description

DisplayName 

Specifies the service name. 

ImagePath 

Specifies the fully qualified path name of the executable invoked by the service and any command line arguments passed to the executable at runtime. 

ObjectName

Specifies the logon user account and computer to which the service should log on.

Understanding Optional Configuration Parameters

You can use the following parameters on Windows NT and Windows 95/98:

Net8 first checks for the parameters as environment variables, and uses the values defined. If environment variables are not defined, it searches for these parameters in the registry.


 


Additional Information:

See "Appendix C-Oracle 8i Configuration Parameters and the Registry " for instructions on editing Windows registry keys. 


LOCAL

You can add the LOCAL parameter to make a connection without specifying a connect string service name. The value for LOCAL is the service name in the TNSNAMES.ORA file located in the ORACLE_HOME\NETWORK\ADMIN directory.

For example, if the LOCAL parameter is specified as finance, you connect to a database from Server Manager with the following command:

SVRMGRL> CONNECT SCOTT/TIGER

Net8 checks if LOCAL is defined as an environment variable or as a parameter in the registry, and uses finance as the service name. If it exists, Net8 connects.

TNS_ADMIN

You can add the TNS_ADMIN parameter to change the directory name for configuration files from the default location. For example, if you set TNS_ADMIN to ORACLE_HOME\TEST\ADMIN, the configuration files are used from ORACLE_HOME\TEST\ADMIN.

USE_SHARED_SOCKET

You can set the USE_SHARED_SOCKET parameter to TRUE to enable the use of shared sockets. If this parameter is set to TRUE, the network listener passes the socket descriptor for client connections to the database thread. As a result, the client does not need to establish a new connection to the database thread and database connection time improves. Also, all database connections share the port number used by the network listener, which can be useful if you are setting up third-party proxy servers.

On Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack3 or earlier, enabling this option precludes bringing the network listener up or down in a case where a database connection spawned by the network listener is active. Therefore, you may need to shut down all of the databases serviced by a network listener before you can bring down and restart a network listener. This results from the way shared sockets have been implemented in WINSOCK2. WINSOCK2 does not allow a reliable thread to a network listener on any port on which other connections are also active. This is not an issue on Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 4 or later. Oracle recommends that you upgrade to Windows NT 4.0 Service Pack 4 if you intend to set this parameter.

This parameter only works in dedicated server mode in a TCP/IP environment. If this parameter is set, you cannot use the 8.1.5 listener to spawn Oracle 7.x databases. To spawn an Oracle 8.0.x database from an 8.1.5 listener with the shared socket enabled, you must also set the variable USE_SHARED_SOCKET for the 8.0.x Oracle home.

Advanced Network Configuration

The following sections describe advanced configuration procedures specifically for Net8 on the Windows NT and Windows 95/98 platforms.

Configuring Authentication Methods

Net8 provides two authentication methods for Windows NT and for Windows 95/98, respectively:

  • Windows NT Native authentication
  • NDS authentication

  •  

NDS Authentication

The automatically installed Netware Directory Service (NDS) authentication method allows client applications and users to access a NetWare server running Oracle through NDS. Following NDS authentication, a user logged into an NDS directory tree can use an Oracle database on a NetWare server in the same tree. This avoids the user having to enter an additional user name and password.


 


Note:

To connect from a client using the NDS authentication method, the server must be running the NetWare operating system. 


If you also use NDS External Naming, you can view the entire network under a single NDS directory tree.


 

Additional Information:
  • Novell NetWare documentation for more information about NDS 
  • Oracle NetWare documentation 

Configuring a NetWare Server

To configure the server:

  1. Install and configure Net8 for NetWare on the server.

  2.  
  3. Add the following entry to the SQLNET.ORA file:

  4.  

     

    SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NDS)

Configuring a Client

To configure a client:

  1. Install and configure the Net8 on a client.

  2.  
  3. Add the following entry to the SQLNET.ORA file:

  4.  

     

    SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NDS)

Connecting from a Client

To connect from a client with the NDS authentication method:
  1. Log into the NDS tree.

  2.  
  3. Enter the following command to access an Oracle for NetWare database:

  4.  

     

    SQLPLUS
    SQLPLUS> CONNECT /@SERVICE_NAME

    
    

Windows NT Native Authentication

The Windows NT Native authentication method (automatically installed with Net8 Server and Net8 Client) enables database user authentication through Windows NT. This ensures that client machines make secure connections to an Oracle8 database on a Windows NT server.

A secure connection is made when a Windows NT client user name is retrieved on a Windows NT server through the Windows NT Native authentication method. The Windows NT server then permits the user to perform the database actions on the server.

Configuration, Using the Windows NT Native Authentication Method

For both clients and server, the following authentication method is already set up by default in the SQLNET.ORA file:

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NTS)

In addition, follow the instructions in "Connecting as INTERNAL with a Password File" in Chapter 10, "Authenticating Database Users with Windows NT" of this guide.

Using the NDS Naming Method

NDS naming refers to the resolution of a service name by using a supported third-party naming service. The NDS Native Naming Adapters resolve service names stored in a native naming service.
 


Note:

To connect from a client using the NDS Native Naming Adapter, the server must be running the NetWare operating system. 


The NDS Native Naming Adapter for Windows NT and Windows 95/98 clients uses the NDS naming environment to store service names and addresses of Oracle8 NetWare Servers. This lets an NDS user view the entire network under a single NDS directory tree. You can use native name services in addition to, or instead of, Oracle Names or the TNSNAMES.ORA file.

If the NDS Authentication Adapter is used as well, a single log on can access a multi-server and multi-database network.
 

Additional Information:

See: 

  • Oracle Advanced Networking Option Administrator's Guide for more information about the Native Naming Adapter
  • Novell NetWare documentation for further information about NDS
  • Oracle8 NetWare documentation 

NetWare Server Configuration

To configure the NetWare Server:

  1. Install and configure Net8 for NetWare on your server.

  2.  
  3. Log into the NDS tree.

  4.  
  5. Add NOVELL to the NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH parameter in the SQLNET.ORA file:

  6.  

     

    NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH = (NOVELL, TNSNAMES, ONAMES)

    
    

Client Configuration

To configure the client:

  1. Install and configure the NDS Native Naming Adapter and Net8 on your client.

  2.  
  3. When you configure the NDS Native Naming Adapter, add NOVELL to the NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH parameter in the SQLNET.ORA file:

  4.  
  5. NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH = (NOVELL, TNSNAMES, ONAMES)
  6. 
    

Client Connection

To connect from a client with the NDS Native Naming Adapter, enter the following command to access an Oracle8 database for NetWare database:

SVRMGR30

SVRMGR> CONNECT USERNAME/PASSWORD@DATABASE_OBJECT_NAME
where DATABASE_OBJECT_NAME identifies the Oracle8 database in NDS.

Configuring Security for Named Pipes Protocol

If you are using Named Pipes protocol with Oracle Names, the network listener may not be able to connect to the Oracle Names server.

Oracle Names creates a "named pipe" at startup time. The network listener tries to open the Named Pipe at startup. If it cannot, the network listener uses the default system account "Local System."

The network listener service may not be able to open the Named Pipe created by Oracle Names unless the OracleHOME_NAMETNSListener(LSNR) service has a valid user ID and password associated.

To set up the network listener permissions:

  1. From the Control Panel window, double-click Services.

  2.  

     

    The Services window appears.
     

  3. Select the OracleHOME_NAMETNSListener(LSNR) service and double-click.

  4.  

     

    The Service dialog box appears.
     

  5. Click the This Account option button. Then, click the "..." option button next to it.

  6.  

     

    The Add User dialog box appears.
     

  7. Select your logon ID (user ID) from the Names list and click Add.

  8.  

     

    The user ID appears in the Add Name text box.
     

  9. Click OK.

  10.  
  11. The Services dialog box appears with the user ID displayed in the This Account text box.

  12.  
  13. Type your password in the Password text box.

  14.  
  15. Retype the same logon password in the Confirm Password text box.

  16.  
  17. Click OK.

  18.  

Net8 Services and Port Numbers

This subsection describes the services and port numbers used by Net8.

Services


Product Windows NT Service Name How to Start How to Stop

Listener 

OracleHOME_NAMETNSListener (the service name, if you are using the default network listener name LISTENER) or OracleHOME_NAMETNSListenerLSNR (where LSNR is the non-default network listener name) 

OracleHOME_NAMETNSListenerLSNR is only created if the following command has been run: 

LSNRCTL START LSNR

From the Windows NT Control Panel: 

  1. Double-click Services. 

  2.  
The Services dialog box appears. 
  1. Select OracleHOME_NAMETNSListener or OracleHOME_NAMETNSListenerLSNR
  2. Click Start. 
  3. In the Services window, click the Close button. 

  4.  
 

From the Windows NT Control Panel: 

  1. Double-click Services. 
The Services dialog box appears. 
  1. Select OracleHOME_NAMETNSListener or OracleHOME_NAMETNSListenerLSNR
  2. Click Stop. 
The Services confirmation dialog box appears and prompts you as to whether or not it is OK to stop the service. 
  1. Click Yes to acknowledge the message, and click Close to exit the Services window.
 

Oracle Names 

OracleHOME_NAMENames (default Oracle Names Server called onames-host

OracleHOME_NAMENamesNAMESSRVR where NAMESSRVR is the non-default name of the Oracle Names Server 

From the Windows NT Control Panel: 

  1. Double-click Services. 

  2.  
The Services dialog box appears. 
  1. Select OracleHOME_NAMENames. 
  2. Click Start. 
  3. In the Services window, click the Close button.

From the Windows NT Control Panel: 

  1. Double-click Services. 

  2.  
The Services window appears. 
  1. Select OracleHOME_NAMENames from the listing. 
  2. Click Stop. 
  3. The Services confirmation dialog box appears and prompts you as to whether or not it is OK to stop the service. 
  4. Click Yes to acknowledge the message, and click Close to exit the Services window.

Client Cache Service 

OracleHOME_NAMEClientCache 

From the Windows NT Control Panel: 

  1. Double-click Services. 

  2.  
The Services dialog box appears. 
  1. Select the Service. 
  2. Click Start. 
  3. In the Services window, click the Close button. 

  4.  
 

From the Windows NT Control Panel: 

  1. Double-click Services. 

  2.  
The Services dialog box appears. 
  1. Select the Service. 
  2. Click Stop. 

  3.  
The Services confirmation dialog box appears, prompting you if it is OK to stop the service. 
  1. Click Yes to acknowledge the message, and click Close to exit the Services window.

Oracle Connection Manager 

OracleHOME_NAMECMAdmin 

OracleHOME_NAMECMan 

 

From the Windows NT Control Panel: 

  1. Double-click Services. 

  2.  
The Services dialog box appears. 
  1. Select OracleHOME_NAMECMAdmin 
  2. Click Start. 
  3. Select OracleHOME_NAMECMan from the listing. 
  4. Click Start. 
  5. In the Services window, click the Close button. 

  6.  
 

From the Windows NT Control Panel: 

  1. Double-click Services. 

  2.  
The Services dialog box appears. 
  1. Select OracleHOME_NAMECMAdmin 
  2. Click Stop. 
  3. The Services confirmation dialog box and prompts you as to whether or not it is OK to stop the service. 

  4.  
Click Yes to acknowledge the message. 
  1. Select OracleHOME_NAMECMan from the listing. 
  2. Click Stop. 
  3. The Services confirmation dialog box prompts you as to whether or not it is OK to stop the service. 

  4.  
Click Yes to acknowledge the message, and click Close to exit the Services window. 

TCP/IP Port Numbers


Product Default Port Number How do I change the port number?

Listener 

1521 

 

Modify the LISTENER.ORA and TNSNAMES.ORA files, using the Net8 Assistant or a text editor. 

Oracle Names 

1575 

Modify the NAMES.ORA file, using the Net8 Assistant or a text editor. 

Oracle Connection Manage, using TCP/IP 

1630 

1830 

Modify the CMAN.ORA configuration file, using the Net8 Assistant or an ASCII text editor.