Figure 2-2 shows a blue circle with five sets of enterprise applications connected to it by double-headed arrows. Four of these sets are red, indicating Oracle-supplied enterprise application sets. One set is green, indicating a non-Oracle source of enterprise applications:  it is labeled Third-Party Applications.

The blue circle encloses six other labeled circles or ellipses labeled as follows:

• Provisioning
• Directory integration
• LDAP Directory (in the center of the enclosing circle)
• User authentication
• OracleAS Single Sign-on
• OracleAS Certificate Authority

Connecting by double-headed arrows to the central blue circle containing all those services are the four red sets of enterprise applications, which are labeled as follows:

• Oracle Databases
• OracleAS Application Server, containing Discoverer, Portal, Forms, etc.
• Oracle Collaboration Suite, containing Email, Calendar, Files, etc.
• Oracle E-Business Suite, containing Human Resources, Financials, Supply Chain, etc.