The Oracle Database software is available on disc (DVD) or you can download it from the Oracle Technology Network Web site. In most cases, you use the graphical user interface (GUI) provided by Oracle Universal Installer to install the software. However, you can also use Oracle Universal Installer to complete silent-mode installations, without using the GUI.
See Also:
Appendix A for information about silent-mode installationsThis chapter includes information about the following topics:
After reviewing the information in Chapter 1, "Installation Overview" and completing the tasks listed in Chapter 2, "Preinstallation Tasks", consider the following issues:
If you need to perform multiple installations of Oracle Database, you may want to use noninteractive mode. In noninteractive mode, at each node, you run Oracle Universal Installer from the command line using a response file. The response file is a text file containing the settings you normally enter in the Oracle Universal Installer GUI dialog boxes.
See Also:
Appendix A for information about silent-mode installations.Review the following guidelines before starting Oracle Universal Installer:
Do not use Oracle Universal Installer from an earlier Oracle release to install components from this release.
If Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters are already installed on the system, Oracle Universal Installer displays the Specify Hardware Cluster Installation Mode screen. You must select Local Installation on this screen, unless you want to install Oracle Real Application Clusters.
See Also:
Oracle Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide for hp-ux for information on installing Oracle Real Application ClustersProducts not installed by default: choose Advanced Installation and then the Custom installation type. These products are:
To configure Oracle Label Security to use Oracle Internet Directory, choose the Oracle Internet Directory option when running Database Configuration Assistant. If you are installing Oracle Label Security in an existing Oracle home, then shut down each database in the Oracle home.
If you reinstall Oracle software into an Oracle home directory where Oracle Database is already installed, you must also reinstall any components, such as Oracle Partitioning, that were installed before you began the reinstallation.
The Oracle Database software is available on compact disc (DVD) or you can download it from the Oracle Technology Network Web site. To install the software from the hard disk, you must either download it from Oracle Technology Network and unpack it, or copy it from the disc, if you have it.
You can access and install Oracle Database by using one of the following methods:
Note:
If the Oracle Database 10g software is on two discs, you can avoid having to change discs during the installation by running Oracle Universal Installer from the DVD or by copying the contents of the installation discs to a hard disk.To copy the software to a hard disk, refer to the following section:
To install the software from a disc or from an existing hard disk location, refer to the "Installing the Oracle Database Software" section.
To download the software from Oracle Technology Network, refer to the following section.
This section describes how to download the installation archive files and extract them on your hard disk. It contains the following topics:
To download the installation archive files from Oracle Technology Network:
Use any browser to access the software download page from Oracle Technology Network:
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/
Navigate to the download page for the product that you want to install.
On the download page, identify the required disk space by adding the file sizes for each required file.
The file sizes are listed next to the file names.
Select a file system with enough free space to store and expand the archive files.
In most cases, the available disk space must be at least twice the size of all of the archive files.
On the file system that you selected in step 4, create a parent directory for each product, for example OraDB10g, to hold the installation directories.
Download all of the installation archive files to the directory that you created in step 5.
Verify that the files you downloaded are the same size as the corresponding files on Oracle Technology Network.
To extract the installation archive files, perform the following steps:
If necessary, change directory to the directory that contains the downloaded installation archive files.
To uncompress each file, enter a command similar to the following:
$ gunzip filename.cpio.gz
This command creates files with names similar to the following:
filename.cpio
To extract the installation files, enter a command similar to the following:
$ cpio -idcmv < filename.cpio
Note:
Refer to the download page for information about the correct options to use with thecpio command.
Some browsers uncompress files while downloading them, but leave the .gz file extension. If these steps do not work, remove the .gz extension from the files and repeat step 3.
For each file, this command creates a subdirectory named Diskn, where n is either 1 or the disk number identified in the file name.
When you have extracted all of the required installation files, refer to the following section:
Before installing Oracle Database, you might want to copy the softare to the hard disk. This enables the installation process to run a bit faster. Before copying the disc content to the hard disk, you must mount the disc. The following sections describe to mount disc and copy its content to the hard disk.
To mount a disc, follow these steps:
Switch user to root:
$ su - root
If necessary, enter the following command to unmount the currently mounted disc, then remove it from the drive:
# /usr/sbin/umount /SD_DVD
In this example, /SD_DVD is the mount point directory for the disc drive.
Insert the appropriate disc into the disc drive, then enter a command similar to the following to mount it:
# /usr/sbin/mount -F cdfs -o rr /dev/dsk/cxtydz /SD_DVD
In this example, /SD_DVD is the disc mount point directory and /dev/dsk/cxtydz is the device name for the disc device, for example /dev/dsk/c0t2d0.
If Oracle Universal Installer is displaying the Disk Location dialog box, enter the disc mount point directory path, for example:
/SD_DVD
To continue, go to one of the following sections:
If you want to copy software to a hard disk, refer to the following section:
If you want to install the software from the discs, refer to the "Installing the Oracle Database Software" section.
Note:
If the system does not have a DVD drive, you can copy the software from the disc to a file system on another system, then either mount that file system using NFS, or use FTP to copy the files to the system where you want to install the software.To copy the contents of the disc to a hard disk:
Create a directory on the hard disk to hold the Oracle software:
$ mkdir OraDb10g
Change directory to the directory you created in step 1:
$ cd OraDb10g
Mount the disc, if it is not already mounted.
Some platforms automatically mount the disc when you insert it into the drive. If the disc does not mount automatically, refer to the "Mounting Discs" section for platform-specific information about mounting it.
Copy the contents of the mounted disc to the corresponding new subdirectory as follows:
$ cp -R /directory_path OraDb10g
In this example, /directory_path is the disc mount point directory, for example /SD_DVD, or the path of the database directory on the DVD. The mount point directory is /dvd.
If necessary, mount the next disc and repeat step 5.
After you have copied all the required discs, refer to the "Installing the Oracle Database Software" section.
The following sections describe how to install the Oracle software:
See Also:
"Installing Automatic Storage Management" if you want to install Oracle Database and use Automatic Storage Management
Appendix A, "Installing and Configuring Oracle Database Using Response Files" if you want to install Oracle Database by using the noninteractive installation method, without the GUI. This method is useful if you need to perform multiple installations of Oracle Database. This appendix covers other advanced installation topics as well.
Review the following guidelines before starting Oracle Universal Installer:
Oracle Universal Installer
Do not use Oracle Universal Installer from an earlier Oracle product release to install components from this release.
Apply the following guidelines when specifying passwords:
Passwords must be between 4 and 30 characters long.
Passwords must be from the database character set and can include the underscore (_), dollar ($), and pound sign (#) characters.
Passwords must not start with a numeral.
Passwords must not be the same as the user name.
Passwords must not be Oracle reserved words.
The SYS account password must not be change_on_install.
The SYSTEM account password must not be manager.
The SYSMAN account password must not be sysman.
The DBSNMP account password must not be dbsnmp.
If you choose to use the same password for all the accounts, then that password must not be change_on_install, manager, sysman, or dbsnmp.
Passwords should have at least 1 alphabetic, 1 numeric, and 1 punctuation mark character
Passwords should not be simple or obvious words, such as welcome, account, database, and user.
See Also:
"Reviewing Accounts and Passwords" for more information about accounts and passwordsProducts requiring a custom installation
To install the following products, you must choose the Custom installation type:
Note:
Before you perform a custom installation, make sure all databases in the Oracle home where you want to install Oracle Label Security are shut down.If you want to configure OLS to use Oracle Internet Directory, you must choose the OID option when running the Database Configuration Assistant.
Oracle Connection Manager
Data Mining Scoring Engine
Installations on a cluster
If Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) are already installed on the system, Oracle Universal Installer displays the Specify Hardware Cluster Installation Mode screen. You must select Local Installation on this screen, unless you want to install Oracle Real Application Clusters.
If you do want to install Oracle Real Application Clusters, refer to the Oracle Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide for hp-ux instead of using this guide.
If you reinstall Oracle software into an Oracle home directory where Oracle Database is already installed, you must also re-install any components, such as Oracle Partitioning, that were installed before you began the re-installation.
This section describes the Basic Installation as a default setting. For any type of installation process, start Oracle Universal Installer and install the software, as follows:
If you are installing the software from disc, mount the first disc if it is not already mounted.
Some platforms automatically mount the disc when you insert the disc into the drive.
If the disc does not mount automatically, refer to the "Mounting Discs" section for platform-specific information about mounting it.
To start Oracle Universal Installer, complete one of the following steps depending on the location of the installation files:
Note:
Start Oracle Universal Installer from the terminal session where you logged in as theoracle user and set the user's environment (described in Chapter 2).If the installation files are on disc, enter commands similar to the following, where directory_path is the path of the database directory on the DVD:
$ cd /tmp
$ /directory_path/runInstaller
If the installation files are on the hard disk, change directory to the client directory and enter the following command:
$ ./runInstaller
If Oracle Universal Installer does not appear, refer to the "X Window Display Errors" section for information about troubleshooting.
Use the following guidelines to complete the installation:
Follow the instructions displayed on the Oracle Universal Installer screens. If you need additional information, click Help.
When Oracle Universal Installer prompts you to run a script with root privileges, enter a command similar to the following in a terminal where you are logged in as the root user, then click Continue or OK:
# /script_path/script_name
The following table lists the various screens displayed and the recomended actions required when you select the Basic Installation option.
| Screen | Recommended Action |
|---|---|
| Select Installation Method | The Basic Installation option is selected by default.
Specify the directory path of the Oracle home. Ensure that the UNIX DBA group Note: This screen consists of Basic Installation and Advanced Installation options. Select the Advanced Installation option if you intend to use custom installation. |
| Specify Inventory Directory and Credentials | This screen is displayed only during the first installation of Oracle products on a system.
Specify the full path of the Oracle Inventory directory. Ensure that the operating system group selected is |
| Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks | Verify that all of the prerequisite checks succeed, then click Next.
Oracle Universal Installer checks the system to verify that it is configured correctly to run Oracle software. If you have completed all of the preinstallation steps in this guide, all of the checks should pass. If a check fails, then review the cause of the failure listed for that check on the screen. If possible, rectify the problem and rerun the check. Alternatively, if you are satisfied that your system meets the requirements, then you can select the check box for the failed check to manually verify the requirement. |
| Summary | Review the information displayed on this screen, and then click Install. |
| Install | This screen displays status information while the product is being installed. |
| Configuration Assistants | This screen displays status information for the configuration assistants that configure the software and create a database. When the message is displayed at the end of DBCA process, click OK to continue. |
| Execute Configuration Scripts | When prompted, read the instructions and then run the scripts mentioned on this screen. Click OK to continue. |
| End of Installation | The configuration assistants configure several Web-based applications, including Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control. This screen displays the URLs configured for these applications. Make a note of the URLs used. The port numbers used in these URLs are also recorded in the following file:
oracle_home/install/portlist.ini
To exit from Oracle Universal Installer, click Exit and then click Yes. |
If you encounter errors while installing or linking the software, refer to Appendix G for information about troubleshooting.
If you chose an installation type that runs Database Configuration Assistant and Oracle Net Configuration Assistant (NetCA) in interactive mode, you must provide detailed information about configuring the database and network.
If you need assistance when using the Database Configuration Assistant or NetCA in interactive mode, then click Help on the screen.
Note:
If you chose a default installation, the Database Configuration Assistant and NetCA run in noninteractive mode.When all of the configuration tools have finished, click Exit, then click Yes to exit from Oracle Universal Installer.
Follow the procedures in this section to install and configure Automatic Storage Management, and then to install Oracle Database so that it can use Automatic Storage Management. If you do not plan to use Automatic Storage Management, then follow the procedure given in "Installing the Oracle Database Software" to install Oracle Database.
This section covers the following topics:
Step 1: Reviewing Automatic Storage Management Installation Considerations
Step 2: Creating the Automatic Storage Management Instance and Disk Groups
Step 3: Installing Oracle Database to Use with Automatic Storage Management
Step 4: Testing the Automatic Storage Management Installation
Apply these guidelines when you install Automatic Storage Management:
You must complete the steps in "Preparing Disk Groups for an Automatic Storage Management Installation" to prepare a disk partition to use for the Automatic Storage Management disk groups.
Oracle recommends that you install Automatic Storage Management in its own Oracle home, regardless of whether you plan to only have one or multiple database instances. Installing Automatic Storage Management in its own Oracle home helps ensure higher availability and manageability.
With separate Oracle homes, you can upgrade Automatic Storage Management and databases independently, and you can remove database software without impacting the Automatic Storage Management instance. Ensure that the Automatic Storage Management version is the same or later than the Oracle Database version.
If an Automatic Storage Management installation does not already exist and you select the Oracle Universal Installer option to install and configure Automatic Storage Management only, then Oracle Universal Installer installs Automatic Storage Management in its own Oracle home.
Each computer that has one or more Oracle Database instances that will use Automatic Storage Management must have one ASM instance. For example, if a computer has two Oracle Database instances that use Automatic Storage Management, you need only one ASM instance for that computer, to manage the two database instances that use Automatic Storage Management.
When you install Automatic Storage Management, Oracle Database Configuration Assistant creates a separate server parameter file (SPFILE) and password file for the Automatic Storage Management instance.
The following steps explain how to create an Automatic Storage Management instance and a disk group for storing Oracle Database files. You can create multiple disk groups for the Automatic Storage Management instance to manage, if you want. If you plan to use Automatic Storage Management for backup and recovery operations, then Oracle recommends that you create a separate disk group for this purpose.
To install an Automatic Storage Management instance and configure its disk groups:
If you are installing the software from disc, mount the first disc if it is not already mounted.
Some platforms automatically mount the disc when you insert the disc into the drive.
If the disc does not mount automatically, refer to the "Mounting Discs" section for platform-specific information about mounting it.
To start Oracle Universal Installer, complete one of the following steps depending on the location of the installation files:
Note:
Start Oracle Universal Installer from the terminal session where you logged in as theoracle user and set the user's environment (described in Chapter 2).If the installation files are on disc, enter commands similar to the following, where directory_path is the path of the database directory on the DVD:
$ cd /tmp
$ /directory_path/runInstaller
If the installation files are on the hard disk, change directory to the database directory and enter the following command:
$ ./runInstaller
If Oracle Universal Installer does not appear, refer to the "X Window Display Errors" section for information about troubleshooting.
On the Welcome screen, select Advanced Installation and then click Next.
See Also:
"Running Oracle Universal Installer" for a detailed description of the screens used in this procedureOn the Select Installation Type screen, select either Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition, or Custom, and then click Next.
On the Specify Home Details screen, enter an Automatic Storage Management-specific name and directory location for the Automatic Storage Management instance.
For example, you could change name to OraDB10g+ASM and the directory location to the following:
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/asm
Click Next.
On the Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks screen, check that the requirements have been met and then click Next.
On the Select Configuration Option screen, select Configure Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and then specify and confirm the ASM SYS password. Then, click Next.
On the Configure Automatic Storage Management screen, enter the following settings:
Note:
This screen lets you create the disk groups to use with the Automatic Storage Management instance. You must have an available partition in order to create disk groups.Disk Group Name: Enter a name for the disk group.
Redundancy: Select one of the following choices to set the redundancy level for the disks within the disk group. f you do not specify a redundancy level, the disk group defaults to normal redundancy.
High: The contents of the disk group are three-way mirrored by default. To create a disk group with high redundancy, you must specify at least three failure groups (a minimum of three devices).
Normal: By default, the datafiles of the disk group are two-way mirrored and the control files are three-way mirrored. You can choose to create certain files that are three-way mirrored or not mirrored. To create a disk group with normal redundancy, you must specify at least two failure groups (a minimum of two devices) for two-way mirroring.
External: Automatic Storage Management does not mirror the contents of the disk group. Choose this redundancy level when 1) the disk group contains devices, such as RAID devices, that provide their own data protection; or 2) your use of the database does not require uninterrupted access to data, for example, in a development environment where you have a suitable backup strategy.
Add Disks: Enter /dev/raw as the disk recovery path. You can also clisk Disk Recovery Path and enter the required disk recovery path in the dialog box and clisk OK.
Click Next.
On the Install screen, check the installed contents, and then click Install.
To create another disk group for this instance, run Oracle Database Control Assistant from the $ORACLE_HOME/bin directory manually, and select the Configure Automatic Storage Management option.
At this stage, subsequent databases that you create are able to use Automatic Storage Management. If you have databases that were created before you installed Automatic Storage Management, then you now can migrate them to Automatic Storage Management by using the Enterprise Manager Migrate Database Wizard. This wizard is available in Enterprise Manager Grid Control or Database Control. Alternatively, you can use Oracle Database Recovery Manager (RMAN) to perform the migration.
See Also:
Enterprise Manager Migrate Database Wizard online Help instructions on how to migrate an existing Oracle Database to Automatic Storage Management
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery Advanced User's Guide for information about migrating an existing Oracle Database to Automatic Storage Management using Oracle Database Recovery Manager
After you have created the Automatic Storage Management instance and Automatic Storage Management disk groups, you are ready to create a database instance that can use Automatic Storage Management.
To create a database instance to use with Automatic Storage Management:
Start Oracle Universal Installer.
On the Welcome screen, select Advanced Installation and then click Next.
On the Select Installation Type screen, select one of the installation types, and then click Next.
On the Specify Home Details screen, select a different Oracle home from the home used for Automatic Storage Management.
If you selected the Custom installation type, then select from the products to install.
On the Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks screen, check that the requirements have been met and then click Next.
On the Select Configuration Option screen, select Create a Database.
On the Select Database Configuration screen, select from the database types displayed and click Next.
On the Specify Database Configuration Options screen, enter the following settings and then click Next.
Database Naming: Enter a name for the database.
Database Character Set: Select the database character set that you want to use. The default offered is based on the character set that the operating system uses.
Database Examples: Select this option to create the EXAMPLE tablespace, which contains sample schemas. This is optional, but recommended.
On the Select Database Management Option screen, select either Use Grid Control for Database Management if you have Oracle Enterprise Manager installed, or if you do not have Enterprise Manager, select Use Database Control for Database Management. Optionally, select Enable Email Notifications and then enter the outgoing SMTP server and e-mail address. Then, click Next.
After you complete the installation, you can use either of these utilities to manage the Automatic Storage Management instance.
On the Specify Database Storage Option screen, select Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and click Next.
On the Specify Backup and Recovery Options screen, perform the following actions:
Enable Automated Backups: Select this option, and then select Automatic Storage Management.
Backup Job Credentials: Enter the user name and password of the person responsible for managing backups.
Click Next.
On the Select ASM Disk Group screen, select the Automatic Storage Management disk group that you created in "Step 2: Creating the Automatic Storage Management Instance and Disk Groups" for recovery and backups.
If the Automatic Storage Management disks that you select do not provide enough space, then the Configure Storage Management screen is displayed so that you can select additional disks as needed. As you select the disks, the adjusted sizes are displayed in the Required Storage Space region. Ideally, the Additional Space Needed value should be a negative number.
Click Next.
On the Specify Database Schema Passwords screen, enter and confirm passwords for the privileged database accounts, then click Next.
On the Summary screen, check that the contents to be installed are correct, and then click Install.
To test the Automatic Storage Management installation, try logging in by using the asmcmd command-line utility, which lets you manage Automatic Storage Management disk group files and directories. To do this:
Open a shell window, and temporarily set the ORACLE_SID and ORACLE_HOME environment variables to specify the appropriate values for the Automatic Storage Management instance that you want to use.
For example, if the Automatic Storage Management SID, which is named +ASM and is located in the asm subdirectory of the ORACLE_BASE directory, then enter the following commands to create the required settings:
Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
$ ORACLE_SID=+ASM $ export ORACLE_SID $ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/asm $ export ORACLE_HOME
C shell:
% setenv ORACLE_SID +ASM % setenv ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/asm
By using SQL*Plus, connect to the Automatic Storage Management instance as the SYS user with SYSDBA privilege and start the instance if necessary:
# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus "SYS/SYS_password as SYSDBA"
SQL> STARTUP
Enter the following command to view the existing disk groups, their redundancy level, and the amount of free disk space in each one:
SQL> SELECT NAME,TYPE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB FROM V$ASM_DISKGROUP;
See Also:
Oracle Database Utilities for more information about asmcmd
"Managing Automatic Storage Management" for information about other tools that you can use to manage Automatic Storage Management
Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for a more detailed description of Automatic Storage Management