LOWER returns char, with all letters lowercase. char can be any of the datatypes CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR, NVARCHAR2, CLOB, or NCLOB. The return value is the same datatype as char. The database sets the case of the characters based on the binary mapping defined for the underlying character set. For linguistic-sensitive lowercase, please refer to NLS_LOWER.
The following example returns a string in lowercase:
SELECT LOWER('MR. SCOTT MCMILLAN') "Lowercase"
FROM DUAL;
Lowercase
--------------------
mr. scott mcmillan