| Oracle® Content Database Installation Guide 10g Release 1 (10.2.0.0.0) for Linux Itanium Part Number B31419-01 |
|
|
View PDF |
| Oracle® Content Database Installation Guide 10g Release 1 (10.2.0.0.0) for Linux Itanium Part Number B31419-01 |
|
|
View PDF |
|
Note: Prior to installing Oracle Content DB middle tier, you must first install OracleAS Infrastructure (which contains Oracle Identity Management) and Oracle Database. Refer to Chapter 3, "Installing OracleAS Infrastructure and Oracle Database" for more details. |
This chapter discusses necessary requirements that must be met prior to installing Oracle Content DB.
|
See Also:
|
This chapter includes the following topics:
This section lists the hardware configurations required to install Oracle Content DB.
Oracle Universal Installer checks these requirements at the start of the installation process and warns you if any of these requirements are not met. Therefore, to save time, you can manually check only the remaining requirements.
You can also run the system checks performed by Oracle Universal Installer without doing an installation by running the following command, where the runInstaller executable is on the Oracle Content DB DVD.
$ mount_point/runInstaller -executeSysPrereqs
The results are displayed on the screen as well as written to a log file.
|
See Also: "Prerequisite Checks Performed by Oracle Universal Installer" for more information about the subset of checks performed |
Table 4-1 Hardware Requirements for Linux Itanium Systems
| Item | Minimum Requirement | Checked by Oracle Universal Installer |
|---|---|---|
|
Processor Type |
Itanium 2 You can check the processor type by using the following command: # grep family /proc/cpuinfo |
No |
|
Processor Speed |
900 MHz or faster You can check the processor speed by using the following command: # grep "cpu MHz" /proc/cpuinfo |
Yes |
|
Network |
You can install Oracle Content DB only on a computer that is connected to a network. When you later change the network configuration, refer to the Oracle Content Database Administrator's Guide for information on reconfiguring Oracle Content DB. |
No |
|
IP |
The IP address of a computer must be static. Note: The installation is not supported on computers that obtain the IP addresses using DHCP.. If you later change the IP configuration, refer to the Oracle Content Database Administrator's Guide for information on reconfiguring Oracle Content DB. |
No |
|
Memory |
Oracle Universal Installer checks the amount of memory on your computer and will not allow you to proceed if your computer does not meet the minimum memory requirements. Oracle recommends having at least 3 GB RAM. |
Yes |
|
Available Memory |
In addition to the total memory requirement, you also need to check that your computer has enough available memory during installation. # free The output is as follows: total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3734420 3655240 79180 142584 217192 2153260
-/+ buffers/cache: 1284788 2449632
Swap: 4193608 872528 3321080
The available memory shows up under the free column on the first line. |
No |
|
Disk Space |
The disk space requirement for Oracle Content DB is 2 GB. To determine the amount of free disk space, enter the following command: $ df -k directory
Replace |
No |
|
Space in |
400 MB To determine the amount of free disk space in the $ df -k /tmp If the See Also: TMP and TMPDIR for more details |
Yes |
|
Swap Space |
1.5 GB of available swap space To determine the amount of available swap space, enter the following command: prompt> grep SwapTotal/proc/meminfo If necessary, refer to your operating system documentation for information about how to configure additional swap space. |
Yes |
|
Monitor |
256-color display To determine the display capabilities of the monitor, enter the For example: $ /usr/X11R6/bin/xdpyinfo Look for the Depth line. You need a depth of at least 8 bits for each pixel. |
Yes |
|
Hostname |
Ensure that your hostnames are not longer than 255 characters. |
No |
If you are running multiple instances of Oracle Content DB on one computer, each corresponding instance of Application Server Control can consume significant memory. To free up memory, configure a single instance of Application Server Control to manage multiple instances of Oracle Content DB.
Oracle Content DB depends upon Oracle Identity Management (part of OracleAS Infrastructure) and Oracle Database 10g. The Oracle Database must be registered with Oracle Internet Directory.
Oracle Universal Installer checks that your computer includes any required operating system patches. If Oracle Universal Installer determines that some required patches are missing, it displays an error.
The Oracle Content DB middle tier runs in Oracle Application Server 10g Release 2 (10.1.2.0.2). For information about software requirements for Linux Itanium, refer to Section F, "Software Requirements".
The computer on which you plan to install Oracle ContentDB require their kernel parameters to be set to the minimum values listed in the following tables:
| Parameter | Value | File |
|---|---|---|
| semmsl semmns semopm semmni | 256
32000 100 142 |
/proc/sys/kernel/sem |
| shmall | 2097152 | /proc/sys/kernel/shmall |
| shmmax | 2147483648 | /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax |
| shmmni | 4096 | /proc/sys/kernel/shmmni |
| msgmax | 8192 | /proc/sys/kernel/msgmax |
| msgmnb | 65535 | /proc/sys/kernel/msgmnb |
| msgmni | 2878 | /proc/sys/kernel/msgmni |
| file-max | 131072 | /proc/sys/fs/file-max |
| ip_local_port_range | Minimum:1024
Maximum:65000 |
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range |
|
Note:
|
To view the current value specified for these kernel parameters, and to change them if necessary, follow these steps:
Run commands similar to the following to view the current values of the kernel parameters:
|
Note: Make a note of the current values and identify any values that you must change. |
| Parameter | Command |
|---|---|
| semmsl, semmns, semopm, and semmni | # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem
This command displays the value of the semaphore parameters in the order listed. |
| shmall, shmmax, and semmni | # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm |
| msgmax, msgmnb, and msgmni | # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep msg |
| file-max | # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max |
| ip_local_port_range | # /sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range
This command displays a range of port numbers. |
If the value of any kernel parameter is different from the recommended value, complete the following steps:
Using any text editor, create or edit the /etc/sysctl.conf file and add or edit lines similar to the following:
|
Note: Include lines only for the kernel parameter values that you want to change. For the semaphore parameters (kernel.sem), you must specify all four values. However, if any of the current values are larger than the recommended value, specify the larger value. |
kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 kernel.shmmni = 4096 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 256 32000 100 142 fs.file-max = 131072 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 kernel.msgmni = 2878 kernel.msgmax = 8192 kernel.msgmnb = 65535
By specifying the values in the /etc/sysctl.conf file, they persist when you restart the system.
Run the following command to change the current values of the kernel parameters.
# /sbin/sysctl -p
Review the output from this command to verify that the values are correct. If the values are incorrect, edit the /etc/sysctl.conf file, then run this command again.
On SUSE Linux Enterprise Server only, run the following command to cause the system to read the /etc/sysctl.conf file when it restarts:
# chkconfig boot.sysctl on
To improve the performance of the software on Linux Itanium systems, you must increase the following shell limits for the oracle user, depending on the user's default shell:
| Bourne or Bash Shell Limit | Korn Shell Limit | C or tcsh Shell Limit | Hard Limit |
|---|---|---|---|
| nofile | nofile | descriptors | 65536 |
| noproc | processes | maxproc | 16384 |
To increase the shell limits:
Add the following lines to /etc/security/limits.conf file:
* soft nproc 2047 * hard nproc 16384 * soft nofile 2048 * hard nofile 65536
Add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
Depending on the oracle user's default shell, make the following changes to the default shell start-up file:
For the Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, add the following lines to the /etc/profile file:
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
For the C or tcsh shell, add the following lines to the /etc/csh.login file:
if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
limit maxproc 16384
limit descriptors 65536
endif
Oracle Content DB and components of Oracle Application Server (such as Oracle HTTP Server, Oracle Application Server Web Cache, and Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g) use ports. Oracle Universal Installer assigns default port numbers or you can specify port numbers, including the port numbers under 1024.
|
See Also: Appendix D, "Default Port Numbers for Oracle Content DB" for a complete list of default port numbers |
This section includes the following topics:
Why the Default Port for Oracle HTTP Server Is Port 7777 and Not Port 80
By default, Oracle Universal Installer configures Oracle HTTP Server to use port 7777, not port 80. Port 7777 is the default port because on , components that use port numbers lower than 1024 require additional steps to be done as the root user before the components can run. Because Oracle Universal Installer does not have root access, it must use a port greater than 1024.
If you want Oracle HTTP Server to use a different port, such as port 80, use the "static ports" feature, which enables you to specify port numbers for components. Although you can change the port number after installation, it is easier to set the port number during installation.
To check if a port is being used, enter the netstat command to show the used port as follows:
$ netstat -an | grep port_number
Replace port_number with the port number you want to check.
To use the default port numbers for Oracle Application Server components, such as Oracle HTTP Server, Oracle Application Server Web Cache, and Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g, you do not have to do anything.
|
Notes:
|
|
See Also: you can also refer to the Oracle Application Server Installation Guide for more information about ports and port numbers. |
Create operating system groups in the following situations:
If you plan to install Oracle Content DB on a computer that does not have Oracle products, create a group to own the inventory directory.
If you plan to install Oracle Application Server in a new database (that is, one created by Oracle Universal Installer), create groups for database administrators.
|
See Also: Your operating system documentation or contact your system administrator for more information about creating operating system groups.. |
|
See Also: you can also refer to the Oracle Application Server Installation Guide for more information about creating operating system groups. |
Create an operating system user to install and upgrade Oracle products. This guide refers to this user as the oracle user. The oracle user running Oracle Universal Installer must have write permission for the following directories:
The Oracle home directory, which contains files for the product you are installing
The inventory directory, which is used by the installer for all Oracle products
If the computer contains other Oracle products, you might already have a user for this purpose. Look in the /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc file. This file lists the location of the inventory directory and the group who owns it. If the file does not exist, the computer does not have any Oracle products installed.
If you do not already have a user for installing Oracle products, create a user with the properties listed in Table 4-2.
Table 4-2 Properties of the Operating System User Who Runs Oracle Universal Installer
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
|
Login name |
You can use any name for the user. This guide refers to the user as the |
|
Group identifier |
The primary group of the You can use any name for the group. This guide uses the name |
|
Home directory |
The home directory for the |
|
Login shell |
The default login shell can be the C, Bourne, or Korn shell. |
|
Note: Use theoracle user only for installing and running Oracle products. Do not use root as the oracle user. |
|
See Also: Your operating system documentation or contact your system administrator for more information about creating operating system users. |
|
See Also: you can also refer to the Oracle Application Server Installation Guide for more information about creating operating system users. |
The operating system user who installs Oracle Content DB must set or unset certain environment variables.
When working with environment variables, here are some things to remember:
If you set environment variables in the .profile file, they might not be read. To ensure that environment variables are set to the correct values, check their values in the shell where you will be running the installer.
To check the value of environment variables, use the env command to display all the currently defined environment variables and their values, as follows:
prompt> env
If you use the su command to switch users (for example, switching from the root user to the oracle user), check the environment variables when you are the new user because the environment variables might not be passed to the new user. This can happen even if you enter su with the - parameter (such as su - user).
prompt> /* root user */ prompt> su - oracle prompt> env
This section discusses the following environment variables and whether they must be set or unset:
Edit your PATH, CLASSPATH, and shared library path environment variables so that they do not reference any Oracle home directories.
Set the DISPLAY environment variable to point to the X server that will display Oracle Universal Installer. The format of the DISPLAY environment variable is:
host_name:display_number.screen_number
Example (C shell):
prompt> setenv DISPLAY test.domain.com:0.0
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
prompt> DISPLAY=test.domain.com:0.0; export DISPLAY
You can test the display by running the xclock program. Make sure you have run the xhost + command first. Then, to test the display, run the xclock & command. For example:
$ /usr/X11R6/bin/xclock &
|
Note: The location of thexclock and xhost commands may vary, depending on your operating system. Consult your operating system documentation for more information. |
Oracle Content DB requires a running X server during installation, only. The frame buffer X server installed with your operating system requires that you remain logged in and have the frame buffer running during installation. If you do not want to do this, then you must use a virtual frame buffer, such as X Virtual Frame Buffer (XVFB) or Virtual Network Computing (VNC).
|
See Also: Oracle Technology Network for more information about obtaining and installing XVFB or other virtual frame buffer solutions, at |
This section describes the following two requirements:
The TNS_ADMIN environment variable must not be set
The /etc and the /var/opt/oracle directories must not contain a tnsnames.ora file
These requirements are necessary to prevent conflicts between the Oracle Net Services configuration files for different Oracle products.
To set TNS_ADMIN or if you have the tnsnames.ora file in /etc or /var/opt/oracle, perform the following steps before installing Oracle Content DB.
If the tnsnames.ora file is in the /etc or /var/opt/oracle directory, move the file to a different directory or you can rename the file.
Ensure the TNS_ADMIN environment variable is not set.
Example (C shell):
prompt> unsetenv TNS_ADMIN
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
prompt> unset TNS_ADMIN
After installation, you can merge the contents of the newly created tnsnames.ora file with your existing tnsnames.ora file.
The installer uses a temporary directory for swap space. The installer checks for the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables to locate the temporary directory. If this environment variable does not exist, the installer uses the /tmp directory.
If you want the installer to use a temporary directory other than /tmp, set the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables to the full path of an alternate directory. The oracle user must have right permission for this directory and the directory must meet the requirements listed in Table 4-1.
Example (C shell):
% setenv TMP /tmp2 % setenv TMPDIR /tmp2
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
$ TMP=/tmp2; export TMP $ TMPDIR=/tmp2; export TMPDIR
If you do not set this environment variable, and the default directory does not have enough space, then the installer displays an error message that says the environment variable is not set. You can either set the environment variable to point to a different directory or free up enough space in the default directory. In either case, you have to restart the installation.
To make sure that the Oracle Content Database installation completes successfully, unset this environment variable.
Example:
$ unset ORA_NLS
To make sure that the Oracle Content Database installation completes successfully, unset this environment variable.
Example:
$ unset LD_BIND_NOW
The contents of the /etc/hosts file affect both the location of the default identity management realm and the host name for Oracle Application Server Single Sign-On.
Oracle Universal Installer provides alternative methods for you to enter the values that you want without editing the hosts file, as explained in the following sections:
Oracle Universal Installer reads the hosts file to construct the location of the default identity management realm. It displays this location in the Specify Namespace in Internet Directory screen.
The hosts file uses the following format:
ip_address fully_qualified_host_name short_host_name
For example:
123.45.67.89 primaryHost.domain.com primaryHost
In the preceding example, the location of the default identity management realm would display as "dc=domain,dc=com".
If the file uses a different format, Oracle Universal Installer displays an incorrect value in the screen.
123.45.67.89 primaryHost primaryHost.domain.com <--- incorrect format
In this case, Oracle Universal Installer displays "dc=primaryHost,dc=com" as the default identity management realm. Most likely, this is not the value that you want for the default identity management realm.
|
Note: If you require that thehosts file use a different format, you can edit the file to use the required format, perform the installation, then revert the file back to its original format after installation.
If you are unable, or unwilling, to edit the |
If you are installing Oracle Application Server Single Sign-On (OracleAS Single Sign-On) and your hosts file contains only the host name of your computer (without the domain name), you will only be able to sign on to the OracleAS Single Sign-On server using the host name by itself (without the domain name).
To require a domain name when connecting to the OracleAS Single Sign-On server, you can edit the hosts file to include the domain name. If you do not want to edit the file, you can use the OUI_HOSTNAME command-line parameter to Oracle Universal Installer to override the value in the hosts file, as in the following example:
prompt> mount_point/runInstaller OUI_HOSTNAME=myserver.domain.com
Typically, the computer on which you want to install Oracle Content DB is connected to a network, has local storage to contain the Oracle Content DB installation, has a display monitor, and has an appropriate disk drive.
This section describes how to install Oracle Content DB on computers that do not meet the typical requirements and includes the following topics:
Installing Oracle Content DB on Computers with Multiple Network Cards
Copying the DVD to a Hard Drive and Installing from the Hard Drive
If you are installing Oracle Content DB on a computer with multiple network cards, Oracle Universal Installer uses the first names in the /etc/hosts file to determine the host name to use for IP address lookup.
If this is not the name you want to use, you can:
Start up Oracle Universal Installer with the OUI_HOSTNAME parameter, if you do not want to edit the /etc/hosts file. Specify the host name that you want to use in this parameter, as in the following example:
$ mount_point/runInstaller OUI_HOSTNAME=myserver.domain.com
Instead of installing from the Oracle Content DB DVD, you can copy the contents of the DVD to a hard drive and install the product from there. This provides for an easier solution if you plan to install many instances of Oracle Content DB on your network, or if the computers where you want to install Oracle Content DB do not have DVD-ROM drives.
You can also install Oracle Content DB from remote DVD-ROM drives.
Checking the Space Requirement
Ensure that the hard drive contains enough space to hold the contents of the Oracle Content DB DVD.
If the computer where you want to install Oracle Content DB does not have a DVD-ROM drive, you can perform the installation from a remote drive. You can run the installer on a remote computer (remote_computer), but have the installer screens display on your local computer (local_computer). The installer will install Oracle Content DB on the remote computer.
Allow remote_computer to display on local_computer. You need to run this command on the local computer's console.
local_computer> xhost +remote_computer
If you do not run xhost, you might get an Xlib error similar to "Failed to connect to server", "Connection refused by server," or "Can't open display" when starting the installer.
On local_computer, perform a remote login (using telnet or rlogin) to remote_computer. Log in as the oracle user. Ensure that the user has set the environment variables correctly.
local_computer> rlogin -l oracle remote_computer.mydomain.com - OR - local_computer> telnet remote_computer.mydomain.com
Set the DISPLAY environment variable on remote_computer to point to local_computer.
Example (C shell):
remote_computer> setenv DISPLAY local_computer.mydomain.com:0.0
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
remote_computer> DISPLAY=local_computer.mydomain.com:0.0; export DISPLAY
Run the installer. Refer to Starting Oracle Universal Installer
|
Note: You can use a PC X emulator to run the installer if it supports a PseudoColor color model or PseudoColor visual. Set the PC X emulator to use a PseudoColor visual, and then start the installer. Refer to the X emulator documentation for instructions on how to change the color model or visual settings. |
You can run Oracle Universal Installer on a remote computer (remote_computer), but display the Oracle Universal Installer screens on your local computer (local_computer). Oracle Universal Installer will install Oracle Content DB on the remote computer.
Allow remote_computer to appear on local_computer. Use the following command on the console of the local computer:
local_computer> xhost +remote_computer
If you do not run xhost, you might get an Xlib error similar to "Failed to connect to server", "Connection refused by server," or "Can't open display" when starting Oracle Universal Installer.
On local_computer, perform a remote login as the oracle user (using ssh, telnet, or rlogin) to remote_computer, as follows:
|
See Also:
|
local_computer> ssh -X -l oracle remote_computer.domain.com
|
Note: Use ofssh is recommended over rlogin or telnet because it is more secure than either. However, if you do not have ssh available, use rlogin or telnet.
The |
Alternatively, use one of the following commands:
local_computer> rlogin -l oracle remote_computer.domain.com local_computer> telnet remote_computer.domain.com
This step is not required if you are using the ssh connection.
Set the DISPLAY environment variable on remote_computer to point to local_computer.
Example (C shell):
remote_computer> setenv DISPLAY local_computer.domain.com:0.0
Example (Bourne or Korn shell):
remote_computer> DISPLAY=local_computer.domain.com:0.0; export DISPLAY
Run Oracle Universal Installer, as described in Chapter 5, "Installing the Oracle Content DB Middle Tier".
|
Note: You can use a PC X emulator to run Oracle Universal Installer if it supports a PseudoColor color model or PseudoColor visual. Set the PC X emulator to use a PseudoColor visual, and then start Oracle Universal Installer. Refer to the X emulator documentation for instructions on how to change the color model or visual settings. |
Currently, Oracle Content DB is certified to run only on the Network Appliance filers Network File Storage (NFS)-mounted storage system.
The NFS-mounted system should be exported to at least the remote install user and remote root user. You can do this using exportfs command, as follows:
prompt> exportfs -i /vol/vol1
To check the latest certification list for any updates, visit Oracle Technology Network.
Table 4-3 lists prerequisite checks performed by Oracle Universal Installer.
Table 4-3 Prerequisite Checks Performed by Oracle Universal Installer
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
|
Processor |
Refer to Table 4-1 for recommended values. |
|
Operating system version |
See Oracle Content DB Software Requirements for supported versions |
|
Operating system patches |
Oracle Universal Installer checks that your computer includes any required operating system patches. If Oracle Universal Installer determines that some required patches are missing, it displays an error. |
|
Operating system kernel parameters |
Refer to the Kernel Parameters for a list of required kernel parameter and their settings |
|
Monitor |
See Oracle Content DB Hardware Requirements for monitor requirements |
|
Instance name |
The installer checks that the computer on which you are installing Oracle Application Server does not already have an instance of the same name. |
|
Display permission |
Oracle Universal Installer checks that the user has permissions to display on the monitor specified by the |
|
Memory |
See Oracle Content DB Hardware Requirements for memory requirements |
|
Swap space |
See Oracle Content DB Hardware Requirements for swap space requirements |
|
TMP space |
See Oracle Content DB Hardware Requirements for |
|
Oracle home directory name |
Oracle Universal Installer checks that the Oracle home directory name does not contain any spaces. |
|
Path to the Oracle home directory |
Oracle Universal Installer checks that the path to the Oracle home directory is not longer than 127 characters. |
|
Oracle home directory contents |
Oracle Universal Installer checks that the Oracle home directory does not contain any files that might interfere with the installation. |
|
Oracle home directory |
Always install Oracle Content DB in a new directory. Do not install Oracle Content DB in an existing Oracle home directory. For example, do not install Oracle Content DB into in an existing Oracle Application Server. |
|
|
The installer checks that the |
|
Port 1521 |
Oracle Universal Installer displays a warning if port 1521 is in use by any application, including database listeners of any version. You need to stop the application that is using port 1521, then click OK in the warning dialog. |
|
Static port conflicts |
Oracle Universal Installer checks the ports listed in the |
|
Display permission |
Oracle Universal Installer checks that the user has permissions to display on the monitor specified by the DISPLAY environment variable. |
|
DISPLAY environment variable |
Oracle Universal Installer checks that the DISPLAY environment variable is set. |
|
TNS_ADMIN environment variable |
The TNS_ADMIN environment variable must not be set. There must not be a |
|
DBCA_RAW_CONFIG environment variable |
If you are installing the Oracle Content DB in a Oracle Real Application Clusters environment, you need to set this environment variable to point to a file that describes the locations of your raw partitions. |
|
Cluster file system |
Oracle Universal Installer checks that you are not installing Oracle Content DB in a cluster file system (CFS). |
|
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g directories are writable |
Oracle Universal Installer runs this check only if you are expanding a middle tier or if you are reinstalling Oracle Content DB in the same Oracle home. Oracle Universal Installer checks that these directories are writable by the operating system user running Oracle Universal Installer:
|
|
Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g files exist |
Oracle Universal Installer runs this check only if you are expanding a middle tier or if you are reinstalling Oracle Content DB in the same Oracle home. Oracle Universal Installer checks that these files exist:
|
|
glibc version check on Linux |
The installer runs this check only if you are installing on Linux. The installer makes sure that the glib version is |
