| Oracle® Secure Backup Reference Release 10.2 Part Number E05410-02 |
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| Oracle® Secure Backup Reference Release 10.2 Part Number E05410-02 |
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This chapter describes the following miscellaneous Oracle Secure Backup programs:
Use the installhere tool to complete the installation of Oracle Secure Backup on a local host only (not over the network). An installation is incomplete if the Oracle Secure Backup software has already been loaded onto the host, but has not yet been installed. You must run this utility as root.
You must run this utility as root on a Linux or UNIX system.
install/installhere installtype [ -a admin-server ] [ -f ]
Specifies the what role is assigned to the host during installation. Valid values are client, mediaserver, and admin.
Specifies the administrative server for the domain to which this host belongs.
Forces an update of the /etc/obconfig file, which specifies directory defaults. The following sample obconfig file shows typical defaults:
ob dir: /usr/local/oracle/backup local db dir: /usr/etc/ob temp dir: /usr/tmp admin dir: /usr/local/oracle/backup/admin
The -f option is a useful way to force an update when the host is being reconfigured and Oracle Secure Backup directory defaults are changing.
Example 4-1 uses installhere to complete the Oracle Secure Backup installation on this client host. The command specifies brhost2 as the administrative server for the domain.
Use the makedev tool to configure a tape device for use with Oracle Secure Backup. This tool provides an alternative to creating a device special file with installob.
You must run this utility as root on a Linux or UNIX system.
Note the following aspects of makedev usage:
The makedev tool creates device special files for a UNIX media server. For each tape drive that you define, makedev creates one special file. For each tape library you define, makedev creates a single device file.
The makedev tool prompts you for any required information that you do not supply on the command line. You can respond to any prompt with a question mark (?) to display more information.
install/makedev [ -u unit ] [ -d ] [ -b bus ] [ -t target ] [ -l lun ] [ -f ] [ -n ] [ -x ] [ -y ] [ -z ] [ -h | ? | -? ] [ -dr | -mh ]
Creates the device special file for the tape device specified by Oracle Secure Backup logical unit number, which can range in value from 0 through 31. The Oracle Secure Backup logical unit number of a tape device is a number assigned by you and used by makedev to create unique filenames for the tape devices connected to the media server. Although it is not a requirement, unit numbers usually start at 0.
Uses the default value for each unspecified option instead of prompting for it. Note that you must always specify a unit number (-u) even if you use this option.
Specifies the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) bus number, address, or instance (depending on operating system type), to which the tape device is attached.
Table 4-1 lists the default SCSI bus designation for each supported operating system type.
Specifies the SCSI target ID of the tape device, which can range from 0 through 15. The default depends on the logical unit number that you specified with the -u option.
Specifies the SCSI LUN of the tape device. Most operating systems support only LUN 0 and 1.The default LUN is 0.
Be careful not to confuse the SCSI LUN with the Oracle Secure Backup logical unit number. The LUN is part of the hardware address of the tape device; the Oracle Secure Backup logical unit number is part of the device special file name.
Replaces any existing files or drivers without prompting for confirmation. By default, makedev prompts you to confirm replacement of any existing device special files.
Displays the commands that will be processed by makedev to generate device special files, but does not actually create the files.
Displays all commands as they are processed by makedev.
Traces entry and exit from each subscript as it is processed by makedev.
Generates a trace file, makedev.trc, in the current directory. This file contains the output of the methods used to define and configure the tape device.
Displays a summary of makedev usage. You might be required to type -\? instead of -? to avoid shell wildcard expansion.
Creates special files for a tape drive. This the default.
Creates special files for a SCSI tape library.
Example 4-2 uses makedev to create a device special file. The example creates a special file for a tape drive, unit 0, at the default SCSI bus and target.
Use the migrate2osb tool to migrate database backups from Legato Storage Manager and Legato Single Server Version to Oracle Secure Backup.
Legato Storage Manager and Legato Single Server Version are referred to collectively as Legato. Although it is assumed that you are migrating database backups from Legato to Oracle Secure Backup, you can also use the tool to migrate database backups from any supported media management software to Oracle Secure Backup.
Note:
migrate2osb is not included in the standard Oracle Secure Backup installation. Download it from the following URL:Note the following prerequisites:
This tool is compatible with Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2), Oracle Secure Backup 10.2, and any media manager compatible with Recovery Manager (RMAN).
The following environment variables required for migrate2osb to identify the database must be set: ORACLE_HOME, ORACLE_SID, and PATH.
The migrate2osb tool can operate in the following mutually exclusive modes:
If you do not have sufficient resources to run both Legato and Oracle Secure Backup simultaneously, then you must migrate backups in two steps. Otherwise, you can use restore-and-backup mode to migrate in one step.
In this mode, the utility displays Legato backups on tape. The utility runs in this mode when you specify the --display option.
In this mode, the utility only restores files from Legato to disk. The utility runs in this mode when you specify the --restore option but not --backup.
In this mode, the utility only backs up files from disk to Oracle Secure Backup. The utility runs in this mode when you specify the --backup option but not --restore.
In this mode, the utility first restores backups from Legato to disk and then backs them up to Oracle Secure Backup. The --directory option specifies the staging area. The utility performs the migration in batches of files whose size is controlled by the --size option. The utility runs in this mode when you specify both the --backup and --restore options.
migrate2osb {
[ --restore/-r
{ all | specific | date { [ --fromdate/-f date ] [ --todate/-t date ] } }
{ --mmparms/-m media_management_parameters }
{ --directory/-d staging_directory_name }
[ --size/-s staging_directory_size ] ]
[ --backup/-b --osbparms/-o osb_parameters ] |
[ --display/-y { --mmparms/-m media_manager_parameters } ]
}
Restores backup pieces from Legato to the directory specified by the --directory option. Use any of the following values for the restore_type placeholder:
all
Restores all the pieces that were backed up using Legato based on the disk space available.
specific
Displays all backup pieces backed up by Legato and prompts you to specify which piece to restore.
date
Restores the pieces that were backed up within the time period specified by --fromdate and --todate.
Restores only backup pieces created on or after the specified date. By default the tool restores all backup pieces starting from the first backup piece.
Restores only backup pieces created on or before the specified date. By default the tool restores all backup pieces until the last backup piece.
Specifies media management parameters needed to restore or display Legato backups. These parameters must be identical to those used in the RMAN ALLOCATE CHANNEL commands that you used with Legato.
For example, suppose you specify the following Legato tape library in your RMAN scripts:
ALLOCATE CHANNEL t1 DEVICE TYPE sbt PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=/opt/nsr/libnwora.so'
You could set --mmparms in migrate2osb as follows:
migrate2osb --restore all --mmparms 'SBT_LIBRARY=/opt/nsr/libnwora.so' --directory /tmp
Specifies the staging location on disk for RMAN backup pieces. This option is required when specifying --restore or --backup.
Specifies the amount of disk space available for the migration. Specify staging_directory_size in the form nB (n bytes), nK (n kilobytes), nG (n gigabytes), nT (n terabytes). By default the size is assumed to be in bytes.
The --size option only functions when both --backup and --restore are specified. By default the script attempts to restore all required backups to disk before beginning the backup to Oracle Secure Backup.
If the specified size is less than the space needed to store all of the backups being restored, then the migration proceeds in batches of backup pieces. The size of each batch will not exceed the specified size. If any single file exceeds the specified size, then migrate2osb displays a message and does not restore this file. If every file exceeds the specified size, then migrate2osb displays an error and exits.
Restores backup pieces in the directory specified by the --directory option to Oracle Secure Backup.
Specifies media management parameters needed to back up staged files to Oracle Secure Backup. These parameters must be identical to those used in the RMAN ALLOCATE CHANNEL commands that you use with Oracle Secure Backup.
For example, suppose you specify the following Oracle Secure Backup tape library in your RMAN scripts:
ALLOCATE CHANNEL t1 DEVICE TYPE sbt PARMS 'SBT_LIBRARY=usr/local/oracle/backup/lib/libobk.so'
You could set --osbparms in migrate2osb as follows:
migrate2osb --directory /tmp --backup --osbparms 'SBT_LIBRARY=usr/local/oracle/backup/lib/libobk.so'
Displays the complete list of backup pieces in Legato.
Example 4-3 migrates Legato backups created between November 10 and December 10 2005 to Oracle Secure Backup. The example stages the files in a directory named /tmp and sets a maximum size of 10 GB. The command specifies media management parameters for both Legato and Oracle Secure Backup.
Use the obcleanup tool to generate an editable file listing the volumes in the Oracle Secure Backup catalog and to remove unneeded records.
If previously used volumes are unlabeled or overwritten, then the index daemon automatically removes expired backups from the catalog at the interval set by the indexcleanupfrequency index policy (the default is 21 days). In this case, no manual intervention is necessary.
If volumes expire but are not unlabeled or overwritten, then their catalog entries persist unless you remove them with obcleanup. You can also use obcleanup to remove references to volumes that are no longer needed but are not set to expire. Because the catalogs can consume considerable disk space, you might want to run obcleanup periodically to keep the admin subdirectory of the Oracle Secure Backup home to a manageable size.
The obcleanup utility operates only on the administrative server.
When you run the obcleanup program on the command line, it lists the contents of the catalogs in a file, which is opened in an editor. The default text editor is set by the EDITOR environment variable. On Linux and UNIX, the default is /bin/vi if the EDITOR environment variable is not set. On Windows the default is Notepad.
Each line in the file contains a reference to a volume that you could purge from the catalogs. For example:
#Item Identification Created Where Notes
#---- ---------------------------- -------------- ----- ---------------------
1 VOL000001 2004/06/07.15:51 IS IX volume is full
Volumes that have expiration policies associated with them are noted in this file. If you have discarded or overwritten tapes, then use a text editor to delete the lines corresponding to these tapes from the file, save the modified file, and exit the editor.
After you delete records from the generated file and save it, obixd runs in the background and automatically removes the deleted records from the catalogs. You can configure the obixd cycle time in the index policy. The default cycle time is 21 days.
etc/obcleanup [ -a ] [ -d ] [ -s { d | v | t } ] [ -v ]...
etc/obcleanup [ -V ]
Shows individual archive records in addition to volume records.
Shows previously deleted records.
Sorts the list by date (d), volume ID (v), or volume tag (t).
Operates in verbose mode. The more -v options you specify, the more verbose the output.
Displays the obcleanup version and exits.
Example 4-4 shows the editable file generated by the obcleanup utility for host brhost2.
Example 4-4 Sample Output from obcleanup
% etc/obcleanup
# This file lists all volumes described in Oracle Secure Backup's
# "volumes" and "index" databases on brhost2.
#
# Edit this file to delete entries from Oracle Secure Backup's databases.
# Delete each line whose corresponding database entry you want
# to remove. Do not change the contents of the undeleted lines!
#
# Once you've finished, save your changes and exit the editor.
# obcleanup will ask you to confirm these changes before applying
# them to the databases.
#
#Item Identification Created Where Notes
#---- ---------------------------- -------------- ----- ---------------------
1 tag 00000105 IS
2 tag 00000110 IS
3 tag 00000111 IS
4 tag 00000121 IS
5 tag 00000155 IS
6 tag 00000156 IS
7 tag 00000157 IS
8 tag 00000158 IS
9 tag AEA649S IS
10 tag AEA650S IS
11 tag AEA655S IS
12 tag AFX935 IS
13 tag AFX936 IS
14 tag AFX936 IS
15 full-000001 2005/01/17.18:12 IX
16 full-000002 2005/01/17.18:12 IX
17 full-000003 2005/01/17.18:12 IX
18 full-000004 2005/06/05.01:02 IX
19 full-000005 2005/07/04.01:02 IX
20 full-000006 2005/08/06.01:04 IX
21 full-000007 2005/09/06.01:00 IX
22 full-000008 2005/09/06.01:00 IX
23 full-000009 2005/11/04.15:05 IX
24 full-000010 2005/11/04.15:05 IX
Use the obcm tool to export or import an identity certificate. These steps are required if you do not accept the default Oracle Secure Backup security behavior, which is for the Certification Authority (CA) to issue a signed certificate to each new host over the network.
The observiced daemon on the administrative server acts as the CA. The CA has two responsibilities with respect to certificates: it accepts certificate signing requests from hosts within the administrative domain as part of the mkhost process, and sends signed certificates back to the requesting host.
In manual certificate provisioning mode, you run obcm export --certificate on the administrative server to export a signed certificate for the newly configured host. You must manually transfer this signed certificate to the newly configured host.
After manually transferring the certificate to the new host, run obcm import on the newly configured host to import the signed certificate into the host's wallet. In this case, obcm directly accesses the wallet of the host. After it has made changes to the local wallet, obcm notifies the local observiced so that the local observiced can re-create the obfuscated wallet.
All obcm commands should be run as root in Linux or UNIX or as an administrative user in Windows.
You must have write permissions in the wallet directory, which by default is /usr/etc/ob/wallet on Linux and UNIX and C:\Program Files\Oracle\Backup\db\wallet on Windows. Note that obcm always accesses the wallet in this location. You cannot override the default location.
obcm chpass --keywallet/-k name [--newpass/-n new_psword][--oldpass/-o old_psword] obcm decertify [-nq] obcm display [--identity/-i|--keywallet/-k] [--password/-p psword] [--verbose/-v] obcm export {--certificate/-c|--request/-r} --file/-f cert_file --host/-h hostname obcm import --file/-f signed_certificate_file obcm mkow --keywallet/-k key_wallet [--password/-p psword]
Changes the password for the Oracle Secure Backup encryption key wallet. The --keywallet argument is required. If --newpass or --oldpass is not specified, then you are prompted for the corresponding password.
Deletes local host certification data. If you specify -nq, then the command does not display a confirmation message. If you do not specify this option, then the command displays a confirmation message. The message is described in "Command Execution in Interactive Mode".
>>The following four paragraphs are new. They are adapted from an e-mail from Indra dated 10/29/07. CBF 10/29/07
For proper decertification of a host, Oracle recommends that you first close or kill all obtool sessions and Oracle Secure Backup processes running on that host.
If you run obcm decertify as a user other than root in Linux or UNIX or an administrative user in Windows, then Oracle Secure Backup does not display an error but the host is not decertified. An attempt to decertify the administrative server fails with an error. The obcm decertify command can be run more than once on other hosts, but only the first operation actually decertifies the host.
You can use the rmhost --nocomm/-N hostname command to remove a decertified host from the Oracle Secure Backup domain.
To recertify a decertified host, Oracle recommends that you use the obcm export and obcm import commands, rather than using the obtool rmhost and mkhost commands. Because the rmhost and mkhost commands remove the host and add it back in to the domain, they attribute some of the Oracle Secure Backup objects as deleted.
Displays the contents of the identity or encryption key wallet. If neither --identity nor --keywallet is specified, then --identity is assumed. You can use the --password option to display the contents of the password-protected encryption key wallet. This can be useful during a recovery from a lost catalog, when the obfuscated version of the encryption key wallet has been lost.
The --certificate option exports a signed identity certificate for the specified host to the specified text file. The --request option exports a certificate request for the specified host to the specified text file. Both the --file and --hostname arguments are required.
Imports a signed identity certificate from the specified text file. The --file argument is required.
Re-creates the obfuscated encryption key wallet. If --password is not specified, then you are prompted for the password..
Example 4-5 exports a certificate for host new_client to the file new_client_cert.f. The utility is run on the administrative server.
Example 4-6 imports a signed identity certificate from the file client_cert.f. The utility is run on the host being added to the administrative domain.
Use the obcopy tool to copy one tape volume to another. Copying starts at the beginning of the input tape and ends when the input tape drive reports blank tape (end of media). It is possible for the volumes to be different media types. For example, you can copy an 8mm tape to a 4mm tape.
Note the following aspects of obcopy usage:
The obcopy utility does not handle volume overflow conditions. Therefore, you are responsible for ensuring that the input volume or the selected portions of the volume fit on the second volume.
By default, the compression mode of the output is the same as the mode of the input, assuming that the output tape device supports the compression format of the input tape device. You can use the -c and -u options to force the output to be compressed or uncompressed.
Use the -v option if the input contains a file of with varying internal block sizes.
The obtar utility does not write blocks of different sizes to a single file. On the remote chance that a file to be copied does contain varying block sizes, however, obcopy provides the -v option to accommodate such unusual circumstances.
For both copy and verify operations, obcopy rewinds tapes before starting unless -s or -t is specified. Final disposition depends on whether the rewind or no rewind versions of the tape drives are being used.
etc/obcopy [ -c ] [ -e ] [ -n cnt ] [ -f ] [ -s ] [ -t ] [ -u ] [ -v ] [ -V ] [ -h | ? ] input_device output_device
Compresses output even if input is not compressed. If the output tape device does not support compression, then obcopy issues a warning and does not compress the output.
Performs a byte-by-byte comparison of the contents of the input and output tapes to determine whether the data is the same. No copy is performed.
Copies at most cnt files from the source tape.
Defaults to disk file if a tape device name is not found.
Does not rewind input_dev before starting copy.
Does not rewind input_dev before starting copy.
Uncompresses output even if input is compressed.
Specifies an input file with varying internal block sizes. Normally, obcopy redetermines the block size after reading a filemark. In other words, obcopy assumes that all blocks in a file (the data between two filemarks) are the same size. Specify -v only if the block size changes between files.
Prints the obcopy version.
Prints full help.
Specifies the tape device containing tape to be copied from.
Specifies the tape device containing tape to be copied to.
Example 4-7 uses obtool to show that tape library lib1 has a tape containing data loaded in its tape drive and tape library lib2 has a blank tape loaded in its tape drive.
Example 4-7 Displaying Volumes in Two Libraries
ob> lsdev
library lib1 in service
drive 1 tape1 in service
library lib2 in service
drive 1 tape2 in service
ob> lsvol --library lib1 --long
Inventory of library lib1:
in mte: vacant
in 1: volume RMAN-DEFAULT-000002, barcode ADE202, oid 111, 8087104 kb remaining,
content manages reuse
in 2: volume VOL000002, barcode ADE201, oid 108, 8029472 kb remaining
in 3: vacant
in 4: vacant
in dte: volume VOL000003, barcode ADE203, oid 114, 8083360 kb remaining, lastse 4
ob> lsvol --library lib2 --long
Inventory of library lib2:
in mte: vacant
in 1: volume VOL000004, barcode DEV423, oid 118, 8079520 kb remaining
in 2: volume RMAN-DEFAULT-000003, barcode DEV424, oid 120, 8078656 kb remaining,
content manages reuse
in 3: vacant
in 4: vacant
in iee1: vacant
in iee2: vacant
in iee3: vacant
in dte: unlabeled, barcode DEV425, oid 121, lastse 3
ob> quit
Example 4-8 uses obcopy to copy the data from the tape in the tape1 tape drive to the tape in the tape2 tape drive.
Use the osbcvt command-line tool to migrate Reliaty Backup configuration and catalog data to Oracle Secure Backup. The installob scripts runs osbcvt automatically during a migration, so you would not typically be required to run it manually.
osbcvt performs the following tasks:
Selects the source and destination directories.
Moves relevant information from the source to destination admin directory. Relevant information includes hosts, devices, media families, schedules, datasets, index directories, and archive and volume catalog files.
Reads the /etc/rbconfig file and converts the parameters it contains to the /etc/obconfig equivalents.
Processes server and client hosts.
See Also:
Oracle Secure Backup Migration Guide to learn how to migrate from Reliaty Backup to Oracle Secure BackupNote the following aspects of osbcvt usage:
osbcvt removes most of the admin directory in your Reliaty Backup home. Thus, it is recommended that you back up your Reliaty Backup admin directory as a precaution before beginning the migration.
osbcvt is unaware of the Oracle Secure Backup logical names for new hosts and devices. Thus, after the migration is complete you must update your host configurations and edit each device attachment to ensure that they reflect the Oracle Secure Backup equivalents.
install/osbcvt [ -srcdir srcdir_name ] [ -help ]
Specifies the location of the admin directory in the Reliaty Backup home. If it is not specified, then the location is determined from /etc/rbconfig. The program exits with an error message if -srcdir is not specified and the computer is not an administrative server in a Reliaty Backup domain.
Prints usage information.
Example 4-9 uses osbcvt to migrate the Reliaty Backup catalog and configuration data contained in /space/reliaty/backup_3132/admin.
Use the stoprb tool to stop Reliaty Backup daemons on one or more hosts.
install/stoprb [ hostname... ]
Stops Reliaty Backup daemons on the specified hosts. If you do not specify hostname, then stoprb stops Reliaty Backup daemons on the local host.
Example 4-10 stops the Reliaty Backup daemons on hosts brhost2 and brhost3.
Use the uninstallob tool to uninstall Oracle Secure Backup from a host in the administrative domain.
You must run this utility as root on a Linux or UNIX system.
install/uninstallob [ -m host ] [ -q obparmsfile ] [ -U | -UU ]
Specifies the name of the host from which to uninstall Oracle Secure Backup so that the script does not prompt for the name.
Specifies the name of an obparameters file so that the script does not prompt for the file name.
Suppresses all prompts. The script does not delete the admin directory.
Suppresses all prompts. The script deletes the admin directory.
Example 4-11 uses uninstallob to uninstall Oracle Secure Backup from client brhost2. The script runs noninteractively.
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