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Oracle® Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide
11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux
Part Number E17212-05
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F How to Upgrade to Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11g Release 2

This appendix describes how to perform Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Automatic Storage Management upgrades.

Oracle Clusterware upgrades can be rolling upgrades, in which a subset of nodes are brought down and upgraded while other nodes remain active. Oracle Automatic Storage Management 11g release 2 (11.2) upgrades can be rolling upgrades. If you upgrade a subset of nodes, then a software-only installation is performed on the existing cluster nodes that you do not select for upgrade.

This appendix contains the following topics:

F.1 Back Up the Oracle Software Before Upgrades

Before you make any changes to the Oracle software, Oracle recommends that you create a backup of the Oracle software and databases.

F.2 Unset Oracle Environment Variables

Unset Oracle environment variables.

If you have set ORA_CRS_HOME as an environment variable, following instructions from Oracle Support, then unset it before starting an installation or upgrade. You should never use ORA_CRS_HOME as an environment variable except under explicit direction from Oracle Support.

Check to ensure that installation owner login shell profiles (for example, .profile or .cshrc) do not have ORA_CRS_HOME set.

If you have had an existing installation on your system, and you are using the same user account to install this installation, then unset the following environment variables: ORA_CRS_HOME; ORACLE_HOME; ORA_NLS10; TNS_ADMIN; and any other environment variable set for the Oracle installation user that is connected with Oracle software homes.

F.3 About Oracle ASM and Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation and Upgrade

In past releases, Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) was installed as part of the Oracle Database installation. With Oracle Database 11g release 2 (11.2), Oracle ASM is installed when you install the Oracle Grid Infrastructure components and shares an Oracle home with Oracle Clusterware when installed in a cluster such as with Oracle RAC or with Oracle Restart on a standalone server.

If you have an existing Oracle ASM instance, you can either upgrade it at the time that you install Oracle Grid Infrastructure, or you can upgrade it after the installation, using Oracle ASM Configuration Assistant (ASMCA). However, be aware that a number of Oracle ASM features are disabled until you upgrade Oracle ASM, and Oracle Clusterware management of Oracle ASM does not function correctly until Oracle ASM is upgraded, because Oracle Clusterware only manages Oracle ASM when it is running in the Oracle Grid Infrastructure home. For this reason, Oracle recommends that if you do not upgrade Oracle ASM at the same time as you upgrade Oracle Clusterware, then you should upgrade Oracle ASM immediately afterward.

You can perform out-of-place upgrades to an Oracle ASM instance using Oracle ASM Configuration Assistant (ASMCA). In addition to running ASMCA using the graphic user interface, you can run ASMCA in non-interactive (silent) mode.

In prior releases, you could use Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) to upgrade either an Oracle Database, or Oracle ASM. That is no longer the case. You can only use DBUA to upgrade an Oracle Database instance. Use Oracle ASM Configuration Assistant (ASMCA) to upgrade Oracle ASM.

See Also:

Oracle Database Upgrade Guide and Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide for additional information about upgrading existing Oracle ASM installations

F.4 Restrictions for Clusterware and Oracle ASM Upgrades

Be aware of the following restrictions and changes for upgrades to Oracle Grid Infrastructure installations, which consists of Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM):

See Also:

Oracle Database Upgrade Guide

F.5 Preparing to Upgrade an Existing Oracle Clusterware Installation

If you have an existing Oracle Clusterware installation, then you upgrade your existing cluster by performing an out-of-place upgrade. You cannot perform an in-place upgrade.

F.5.1 Unlock the Existing Oracle Clusterware Installation

After upgrade from previous releases, if you want to deinstall the previous release Oracle Grid Infrastructure Grid home, then you must first change the permission and ownership of the previous release Grid home. Log in as root, and change the permission and ownership of the previous release Grid home using the following command syntax, where oldGH is the previous release Grid home, swowner is the Oracle Grid Infrastructure installation owner, and oldGHParent is the parent directory of the previous release Grid home:


#chmod -R 755 oldGH
#chown -R swowner oldGH
#chown swowner oldGHParent

For example:

#chmod -R 755 /u01/app/11.2.0.1/grid
#chown -R grid /u01/app/11.2.0.1/grid
#chown grid /u01/app/11.2.0.1

F.5.2 Verifying System Readiness for Upgrades

Use Cluster Verification Utility to assist you with system checks in preparation for starting a database upgrade. The installer runs the appropriate CVU checks automatically, and either prompts you to fix problems, or provides a fixup script to be run on all nodes in the cluster before proceeding with the upgrade.

With Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2), you can perform upgrades on a shared Oracle Clusterware home.

See Also:

Oracle Database Upgrade Guide

F.5.3 Checks to Complete Before Upgrade an Existing Oracle Clusterware Installation

Complete the following tasks before starting an upgrade:

  1. For each node, use Cluster Verification Utility to ensure that you have completed preinstallation steps. It can generate Fixup scripts to help you to prepare servers. In addition, the installer will help you to ensure all required prerequisites are met.

    Ensure that you have information you will need during installation, including the following:

    • An Oracle base location for Oracle Clusterware.

    • An Oracle Grid Infrastructure home location that is different from your existing Oracle Clusterware location

    • A SCAN address

    • Privileged user operating system groups to grant access to Oracle ASM data files (the OSDBA for ASM group), to grant administrative privileges to the Oracle ASM instance (OSASM group), and to grant a subset of administrative privileges to the Oracle ASM instance (OSOPER for ASM group)

    • root user access, to run scripts as root during installation

  2. For the installation owner running the installation, if you have environment variables set for the existing installation, then unset the environment variables $ORACLE_HOME and $ORACLE_SID, as these environment variables are used during upgrade. For example:

    $ unset ORACLE_BASE
$ unset ORACLE_HOME
$ unset ORACLE_SID

    See Also:

    Section F.2, "Unset Oracle Environment Variables"

F.6 Performing Rolling Upgrades From an Earlier Release

Use the following procedures to upgrade Oracle Clusterware or Oracle Automatic Storage Management:

Note:

When you upgrade to Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2), Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) is installed in the same home as Oracle Clusterware. In Oracle documentation, this home is called the Oracle Grid Infrastructure home, or Grid home. Also note that Oracle does not support attempting to add additional nodes to a cluster during a rolling upgrade.

F.6.1 Performing a Rolling Upgrade of Oracle Clusterware

Use the following procedure to upgrade Oracle Clusterware from an earlier release to a later release:

Note:

Oracle recommends that you leave Oracle RAC instances running. When you start the root script on each node, that node's instances are shut down and then started up again by the rootupgrade.sh script.

For single instance Oracle Databases on the cluster, only those that use Oracle ASM need to be shut down. Listeners do not need to be shut down.

  1. Start the installer, and select the option to upgrade an existing Oracle Clusterware and Oracle ASM installation.

  2. On the node selection page, select all nodes.

    Note:

    In contrast with releases prior to Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2, all upgrades are rolling upgrades, even if you select all nodes for the upgrade.

    Oracle recommends that you select all cluster member nodes for the upgrade, and then shut down database instances on each node before you run the upgrade root script, starting the database instance up again on each node after the upgrade is complete. You can also use this procedure to upgrade a subset of nodes in the cluster.

  3. Select installation options as prompted.

  4. When prompted, run the rootupgrade.sh script on each node in the cluster that you want to upgrade.

    Run the script on the local node first. The script shuts down the earlier release installation, replaces it with the new Oracle Clusterware release, and starts the new Oracle Clusterware installation.

    After the script completes successfully, you can run the script in parallel on all nodes except for one, which you select as the last node. When the script is run successfully on all the nodes except the last node, run the script on the last node.

  5. After running the rootupgrade.sh script on the last node in the cluster, if you are upgrading from a release earlier than release 11.2.0.1, and left the check box with ASMCA marked, as is the default, then Oracle ASM Configuration Assistant runs automatically, and the Oracle Clusterware upgrade is complete. If you uncloaked the box on the interview stage of the upgrade, then ASMCA is not run automatically.

    If an earlier version of Oracle Automatic Storage Management is installed, then the installer starts Oracle ASM Configuration Assistant to upgrade Oracle ASM to 11g release 2 (11.2). You can choose to upgrade Oracle ASM at this time, or upgrade it later.

    Oracle recommends that you upgrade Oracle ASM at the same time that you upgrade the Oracle Clusterware binaries. Until Oracle ASM is upgraded, Oracle databases that use Oracle ASM cannot be created. Until Oracle ASM is upgraded, the 11g release 2 (11.2) Oracle ASM management tools in the Grid home (for example, srvctl) will not work.

    Note:

    At the end of the upgrade, if you set the OCR backup location manually to the older release Oracle Clusterware home (CRS home), then you must change the OCR backup location to the Oracle Grid Infrastructure home (Grid home). If you did not set the OCR backup location manually, then this issue does not concern you.

    Because upgrades of Oracle Clusterware are out-of-place upgrades, the previous release Oracle Clusterware home cannot be the location of the OCR backups. Backups in the old Oracle Clusterware home could be deleted.

F.6.2 Performing a Rolling Upgrade of Oracle Automatic Storage Management

After you have completed the Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2) upgrade, if you did not choose to upgrade Oracle ASM when you upgraded Oracle Clusterware, then you can do it separately using the Oracle Automatic Storage Management Configuration Assistant (asmca) to perform rolling upgrades.

You can use asmca to complete the upgrade separately, but you should do it soon after you upgrade Oracle Clusterware, as Oracle ASM management tools such as srvctl will not work until Oracle ASM is upgraded.

Note:

ASMCA performs a rolling upgrade only if the earlier version of Oracle ASM is either 11.1.0.6 or 11.1.0.7. Otherwise, ASMCA performs a normal upgrade, in which ASMCA brings down all Oracle ASM instances on all nodes of the cluster, and then brings them all up in the new Grid home.

F.6.2.1 Preparing to Upgrade Oracle ASM

Note the following if you intend to perform rolling upgrades of Oracle ASM:

  • The active version of Oracle Clusterware must be 11g release 2 (11.2). To determine the active version, enter the following command:

    $ crsctl query crs activeversion

  • You can upgrade a single instance Oracle ASM installation to a clustered Oracle ASM installation. However, you can only upgrade an existing single instance Oracle ASM installation if you run the installation from the node on which the Oracle ASM installation is installed. You cannot upgrade a single instance Oracle ASM installation on a remote node.

  • You must ensure that any rebalance operations on your existing Oracle ASM installation are completed before starting the upgrade process.

  • During the upgrade process, you alter the Oracle ASM instances to an upgrade state. Because this upgrade state limits Oracle ASM operations, you should complete the upgrade process soon after you begin. The following are the operations allowed when an Oracle ASM instance is in the upgrade state:

    • Diskgroup mounts and dismounts

    • Opening, closing, resizing, or deleting database files

    • Recovering instances

    • Queries of fixed views and packages: Users are allowed to query fixed views and run anonymous PL/SQL blocks using fixed packages, such as dbms_diskgroup)

F.6.2.2 Upgrading Oracle ASM

Complete the following procedure to upgrade Oracle ASM:

  1. On the node you plan to start the upgrade, set the environment variable ASMCA_ROLLING_UPGRADE as true. For example:

    $ export ASMCA_ROLLING_UPGRADE=true

  2. From the Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11g release 2 (11.2) home, start ASMCA. For example:

    $ cd /u01/11.2/grid/bin
$ ./asmca

  3. Select Upgrade.

    ASM Configuration Assistant upgrades Oracle ASM in succession for all nodes in the cluster.

See Also:

Oracle Database Upgrade Guide and Oracle Automatic Storage Management Administrator's Guide for additional information about preparing an upgrade plan for Oracle ASM, and for starting, completing, and stopping Oracle ASM upgrades

F.7 Updating DB Control and Grid Control Target Parameters

Because Oracle Clusterware release 2 (11.2) is an out-of-place upgrade of the Oracle Clusterware home in a new location (the Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster home, or Grid home), the path for the CRS_HOME parameter in some parameter files must be changed. If you do not change the parameter, then you encounter errors such as "cluster target broken" on DB control or Grid control.

Use the following procedure to resolve this issue:

  1. Log in to dbconsole or gridconsole.

  2. Navigate to the Cluster tab.

  3. Click Monitoring Configuration

  4. Update the value for Oracle Home with the new Grid home path.

F.8 Downgrading Oracle Clusterware After an Upgrade

After a successful or a failed upgrade to Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2), you can restore Oracle Clusterware to the previous version.

The restoration procedure in this section restores the Oracle Clusterware configuration to the state it was in before the Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2) upgrade. Any configuration changes you performed during or after the Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11g release 2 (11.2) upgrade are removed and cannot be recovered.

To restore Oracle Clusterware to the previous release:

  1. On all remote nodes, use the command syntax Grid_home/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -downgrade [-force] to stop the 11g release 2 (11.2) resources, shut down the 11g release 2 (11.2) stack.

    Note:

    This command does not reset the OCR, or delete ocr.loc.

    For example:

    # /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -downgrade

    If you want to stop a partial or failed 11g release 2 (11.2) installation and restore the previous release Oracle Clusterware, then use the -force flag with this command.

  2. After the rootcrs.pl -downgrade script has completed on all remote nodes, on the local node use the command syntax Grid_home/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -downgrade -lastnode -oldcrshome pre11.2_crs_home -version pre11.2_crs_version [-force], where pre11.2_crs_home is the home of the earlier Oracle Clusterware installation, and pre11.2_crs_version is the release number of the earlier Oracle Clusterware installation.

    For example:

    # /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -downgrade  -lastnode -oldcrshome 
/u01/app/crs -version 11.1.0.6.0

    This script downgrades the OCR, and removes binaries from the Grid home. If you want to stop a partial or failed 11g release 2 (11.2) installation and restore the previous release Oracle Clusterware, then use the -force flag with this command.

  3. After the local node script completes, you are prompted to run root.sh from the earlier release Oracle Clusterware installation home in sequence on each member node of the cluster. After you complete this task, downgrade is completed.

    Running root.sh from the earlier release Oracle Clusterware installation home restarts the Oracle Clusterware stack, starts up all the resources previously registered with Oracle Clusterware in the older version, and configures the old initialization scripts to run the earlier release Oracle Clusterware stack.

F.9 Checking Cluster Health Monitor Repository Size After Upgrading

If you are upgrading from a prior release using IPD/OS to Oracle Grid Infrastructure release 2 (11.2.0.2 and later), then you should review the Cluster Health Monitor repository size (the CHM repository). Oracle recommends that you review your CHM repository needs, and enlarge the repository size if you want to maintain a larger CHM repository.

Note:

Your previous IPD/OS repository is deleted when you install Oracle Grid Infrastructure, and you run the root.sh script on each node.

By default, the CHM repository size is one Gigabyte (1 GB), regardless of the size of the cluster.

To enlarge the CHM repository, use the following command syntax, where RETENTION_TIME is the size of CHM repository in number of seconds:

oclumon manage -repos resize RETENTION_TIME

The value for RETENTION_TIME must be more than 3600 (one hour) and less than 259200 (three days). If you enlarge the CHM repository size, then you must ensure that there is local space available for the repository size you select on each node of the cluster. If there is not sufficient space available, then you can move the repository to shared storage.

For example, to set the repository size to four hours:

$ ocumon manage -repos resize 14400
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