Sun Management Center Change Manager 1.0.1 Reference Manual

bart(1MCM)

NAME

bart– basic audit reporting tool

SYNOPSIS

/usr/bin/bart create

-n

-R

root_directory

-r

rules_file

-

/usr/bin/bart create

-n

-R

root_directory

-I

file_name

/usr/bin/bart compare

-i

attribute

-p

-r

rules_file

-

control-manifest

test-manifest

DESCRIPTION

The bart(1MCM) command is a tool that performs a file-level check of the software contents of a system. Users can optionally specify the files to track and the types of discrepancies to flag by means of a rules file. See bart_rules(4CM).

The bart command performs two basic functions:

bart create

The manifest generator tool takes a file-level ``snapshot'' of a system. The output is a catalog of file attributes referred to as a ``manifest.'' See bart_manifest(4CM).

Users can specify the list of files to be cataloged in three ways. Use bart create with no options, specify the files by name on the command line, or create a rules file with directives that specify which the files to monitor. See bart_rules(4CM).

By default, the manifest generator catalogs all attributes of all files in the root (/) file system. File systems mounted on the root file system are cataloged only if they are of the same type as the root file system.

For example, /, /usr, and /opt are separate UFS file systems. /usr and /opt are mounted on /. Therefore, all three file systems are cataloged. However, /tmp, also mounted on /, is not cataloged because it is a TMPFS file system. Mounted CD-ROMs are not cataloged since they are HSFS file systems.

bart compare

The report tool compares two manifests. The output is a list of per-file attribute discrepancies. These discrepancies are the differences between two manifests: a control manifest and a test manifest. A discrepancy is a change to any attribute for a given file cataloged by both manifests. Note that a new file or a deleted file in a manifest is reported as a discrepancy.

The reporting mechanism provides two types of output: verbose and programmatic. Verbose output is localized and presented on multiple lines, while programmatic output is more easily parsable by other programs. See OUTPUT.

By default, the report tool generates verbose output where all discrepancies are reported except for modified directory timestamps (the dirmtime attribute).

Note –

To ensure consistent and accurate comparison results, both control-manifest and test-manifest must be built with the same rules file.

Use the rules file to ignore specified files or subtrees when you generate a manifest or compare two manifests. Users can compare manifests from different perspectives by re-running the bart compare command with different rules files.

OPTIONS

The following options are supported:

-i attribute ...: Specifies the file attributes to be ignored globally. This option produces the same behavior as supplying the file attributes to a global IGNORE keyword in the rules file. See bart_rules(4CM).
-I [file_name...]: Inputs list of files. The file list can be specified at the command line or read from standard input.
-n: Prevents computation of content signatures for all regular files in the file list.
-p: Displays manifest comparison output in ``programmatic mode,'' which is suitable for programmatic parsing. The output is not localized.
-r rules_file: Uses rules_file to specify which files and directories to catalog, and to define which file attribute discrepancies to flag. If rules_file is -, then the rules are read from standard input. See bart_rules(4CM) for the definition of the syntax.
-R root_directory: Specifies the root directory for the manifest. All paths specified by the rules, and all paths reported in the manifest, are relative to root_directory.

OPERANDS

The following operands are supported:

control-manifest: Manifest created by bart create on the control system.
test-manifest: Manifest created by bart create on the test system.

OUTPUT

The bart create and bart compare commands write output to standard output, and write error messages to standard error.

The bart create command generates a system manifest. See bart_manifest(4CM).

When the bart compare command compares two system manifests, it generates a list of file differences. By default, the comparison output is localized. However, if the -p option is specified, the output is generated in a form that is suitable for programmatic manipulation.

Default Format

filename
	attribute	control:xxxx test:yyyy

filename: Name of the file that differs between control-manifest and test-manifest. For file names that contain embedded whitespace or newline characters, see Quoting Syntax in bart_manifest(4CM).
attribute: The name of the file attribute that differs between the manifests that are compared. xxxx is the attribute value from control-manifest, and yyyy is the attribute value from test-manifest. When discrepancies for multiple attributes occur for the same file, each difference is noted on a separate line.

The following default output shows the attribute differences for the /etc/passwd file. The output indicates that the size, mtime, and contents attributes have changed.

/etc/passwd:
  size  control:74  test:81
  mtime  control:3c165879  test:3c165979
  contents  control:daca28ae0de97afd7a6b91fde8d57afa
	test:84b2b32c4165887355317207b48a6ec7

Programmatic Format

filename attribute control-val test-val [attribute control-val test-val]*

filename: Same as filename in the default format.
attribute control-val test-val: A description of the file attributes that differ between the control and test manifests for each file. Each entry includes the attribute value from each manifest. See bart_manifest(4CM) for the definition of the attributes.

Each line of the programmatic output describes all attribute differences for a single file.

The following programmatic output shows the attribute differences for the /etc/passwd file. The output indicates that the size, mtime, and contents attributes have changed.

/etc/passwd size 74 81 mtime 3c165879 3c165979
	contents daca28ae0de97afd7a6b91fde8d57afa 84b2b32c4165887355317207b48a6ec7

EXIT STATUS

Manifest Generator

0: Success
1: Non-fatal error when processing files; for example, permission problems
>1: Fatal error; for example, invalid command-line options

Report Tool

0: No discrepancies reported
1: Discrepancies found
>1: Fatal error executing comparison

EXAMPLES

Example 1 Creating a Default Manifest Without Computing Checksums

The following command line creates a default manifest, which consists of all files in the / file system. The -n option prevents computation of checksums, which causes the manifest to be generated more quickly.

bart create -n

Example 2 Creating a Manifest for a Specified Subtree

The following command line creates a manifest that contains all files in the /home/nickiso subtree.

bart create -R /home/nickiso

Example 3 Creating a Manifest by Using Standard Input

The following command line uses output from the find(1) command to generate the list of files to be cataloged. The find output is used as input to the bart create command that specifies the -I option.

find /home/nickiso -print | bart create -I

Example 4 Creating a Manifest by Using a Rules File

The following command line uses a rules file, rules, to specify the files to be cataloged.

bart create -r rules

Example 5 Comparing Two Manifests and Generating Programmatic Output

The following command line compares two manifests and produces output suitable for parsing by a program.

bart compare -p manifest1 manifest2

Example 6 Comparing Two Manifests and Specifying Attributes to Ignore

The following command line compares two manifests. The dirmtime, lnmtime, and mtime attributes are not compared.

bart compare -i dirmtime lnmtime mtime manifest1 manifest2

Example 7 Comparing Two Manifests by Using a Rules File

The following command line uses a rules file, rules, to compare two manifests.

bart compare -r rules manifest1 manifest2

ATTRIBUTES

See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

ATTRIBUTE TYPE	ATTRIBUTE VALUE
Availability	SUNWbart
Interface Stability	Evolving