System Power Management

System power management consists of turning off the entire system after saving its state, and restoring the state after the system is turned back on. This process is called CPR (checkpoint and resume). USB client drivers operate the same way that other client drivers operate with respect to CPR. To suspend a device, the driver's detach(9E) entry point is called with a cmd argument of DDI_SUSPEND. To resume a device, the driver's attach(9E) entry point is called with a cmd argument of DDI_RESUME. When you handle the DDI_SUSPEND command in your detach(9E) routine, clean up device state and clean up driver state as much as necessary for a clean resume later. (Note that this corresponds to the SUSPENDED state in Figure 20–4.) When you handle the DDI_RESUME command in your attach(9E) routine, always take the device to full power to put the system in sync with the device.

For USB devices, suspend and resume are handled similarly to a hotplug disconnect and reconnect (see Hotplugging USB Devices). An important difference between CPR and hotplugging is that with CPR the driver can fail the checkpoint process if the device is not in a state from which it can be suspended. For example, the device cannot be suspended if the device has an error recovery in progress. The device also cannot be suspended if the device is busy and cannot be stopped safely.