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System Administration Guide: Basic Administration

Booting a SPARC Based System

If a system is turned off, turning it on starts the multiuser boot sequence. The following procedures show how to boot to different run levels from the ok PROM prompt. These procedures assume that the system has been cleanly shut down, unless stated otherwise.

Use the who -r command to verify that the system is brought to the specified run level. For a description of run levels, see Chapter 18, Managing Services (Overview).

ProcedureSPARC: How to Boot a System to Run Level 3 (Multiuser Level)

Use this procedure to boot a system that is currently at run level 0 to run level 3.

  1. Boot the system to run level 3. 


    ok boot

    The automatic boot procedure displays a series of startup messages, and brings the system to run level 3. For more information, see the boot(1M) man page.

  2. Verify that the system has booted to run level 3.

    The login prompt is displayed when the boot process has finished successfully.


    hostname console login:
Example 12–1 SPARC: Booting a System to Run Level 3 (Multiuser Level)

The following example displays the messages from booting a system to run level 3.


ok boot
Sun Ultra 5/10 UPA/PCI (UltraSPARC-IIi 333MHz)
OpenBoot 3.15, 128 MB memory installed, Serial #number.
Ethernet address number, Host ID: number.

Rebooting with command: boot
Boot device: /pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ide@3/disk@0,0:a  File and args: kernel/sparcv9/unix
SunOS Release 5.10 Version s10_60 64-bit
Copyright 1983-2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.
configuring IPv4 interfaces: hme0.
add net default: gateway 172.20.27.248
Hostname: starlite
The system is coming up.  Please wait.
NIS domain name is example.com
starting rpc services: rpcbind keyserv ypbind done.
Setting netmask of hme0 to 255.255.255.0
Setting default IPv4 interface for multicast: add net 224.0/4: gateway starlite
syslog service starting.The system is ready.
Starting Sun(TM) Web Console Version 2.1-dev..
volume management starting.
The system is ready.
starlite console login:

In the preceding example, sparcv9 was used as an example only. This string matches the output of the isainfo -k command.

ProcedureSPARC: How to Boot a System to Run Level S (Single-User Level)

Use this procedure to boot a system that is currently at run level 0 to run level S. This run level is used for system maintenance tasks, such as backing up a file system.

  1. Boot the system to run level S.


    ok boot -s

  2. Type the superuser password when the following message is displayed:


    SINGLE USER MODE

Root password for system maintenance (control-d to bypass): xxxxxx

  3. Verify that the system is at run level S.


    # who -r

  4. Perform the maintenance task that required the run level change to S.

  5. After you complete the system maintenance task, type Control-D to bring the system to the multiuser state.

Example 12–2 SPARC: Booting a System to Run Level S (Single-User Level)

The following example displays the messages from booting a system to run level S.


ok boot -s
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Sun Microsystems Inc.   SunOS 5.10 Version Generic_120012-14 32-bit
Copyright 1983-2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.
configuring IPv4 interfaces: hme0.
Hostname: starlite

SINGLE USER MODE

Root password for system maintenance (control-d to bypass): xxxxxx
single-user privilege assigned to /dev/console.
Entering System Maintenance Mode
Oct 14 15:01:28 su: 'su root' succeeded for root on /dev/console
Sun Microsystems Inc.   SunOS 5.10
# who -r
   .       run-level S  Sep 19 08:49     S      0  ?
(Perform some maintenance task)
# ^D

ProcedureSPARC: How to Boot a System Interactively

Use this boot option when you need to specify an alternate kernel or /etc/system file.

Before You Begin

To specify an alternate /etc/system file when booting a SPARC based system interactively by using the boot -a command, you must perform the following steps before the system is booted.

  1. Boot the system interactively.


    ok boot -a

  2. Answer the following system prompts:

    1. When prompted, enter the name of the kernel to use for booting.

      Press enter to use the default kernel file name. Otherwise, provide the name of an alternate kernel, press Enter.

    2. When prompted, provide an alternate path for the modules directories.

      Press enter to use the default module directories. Otherwise, provide the alternate paths to module directories, press Enter.

    3. When prompted, provide the name of an alternate system file.

      Type /dev/null if your /etc/system file has been damaged.

    4. When prompted, enter the root filesystem type.

      Press enter to select UFS for local disk booting, which is the default, or enter NFS for network booting.

    5. When prompted, enter the physical name of root device.

      Provide an alternate device name or press return to use the default.

  3. If you are not prompted to answer these questions, verify that you typed the boot -a command correctly.

Example 12–3 SPARC: Booting a System Interactively

In this example, the default choices (shown in square brackets []) are accepted. For instructions and an example of booting an alternate file system by using the boot -a command, see SPARC: How to Boot a System Interactively.


ok boot -a
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Rebooting with command: boot -a
Boot device: /pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ide@3/disk@0,0:a  
File and args: -a
Enter filename [kernel/sparcv9/unix]: Press Return
Enter default directory for modules [/platform/SUNW,Ultra-5_10/kernel 
     /platform/sun4u/kernel /kernel /usr/kernel]: Press Return
Name of system file [etc/system]: Press Return
SunOS Release 5.10 Version S10_60 64-bit
Copyright (c) 1983-2004 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved
Use is subject to license terms.
root filesystem type [ufs]: Press Return
Enter physical name of root device
[/pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ide@3/disk@0,0:a]: Press Return
configuring IPv4 interfaces: hme0.
Hostname: starlite
The system is coming up.  Please wait.
checking ufs filesystems
.
.
.
The system is ready.
starlite console login:

ProcedureSPARC: How to Boot a Kernel Other Than the Default Kernel

  1. Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

    Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

  2. Obtain a copy of an existing Oracle Solaris kernel and rename it.

  3. Add the kernel that you copied and renamed in Step 2 to the /etc/boot/solaris/filelist.ramdisk file.


    # echo "kernel.name" >> /boot/solaris/filelist.ramdisk

  4. Verify that the alternate kernel has been added to the /etc/boot/solaris/filelist.ramdisk file.


    # cat > /etc/boot/solaris/filelist.ramdisk

  5. Update the boot archive by using the bootadm command.


    # bootadm update-archive

  6. Change to run level 0.


    # init 0

    The ok PROM prompt is displayed.

  7. Boot the alternate kernel.


    ok boot alternate-kernel

    For example:


    ok boot kernel.myname/sparcv9/unix

    • To boot the alternate kernel by default, follow these steps:

      1. Set the boot-file parameter to the new kernel.


        ok setenv boot-file kernel.name/sparc9/unix

      2. Verify that the boot-file property has been changed.


        ok printenv boot-file

      3. Reboot the system.


        ok boot

  8. After the system has booted, verify that the alternate kernel that was booted.


    # prtconf -vp | grep whoami
Example 12–4 Booting an Alternate Kernel by Changing the Default Boot File


# cp -r /platform/sun4v/kernel /platform/sun4vu/kernel.caiobella
# echo "kernel.caiobela" >> /boot/solaris/filelist.ramdisk

# cat > /etc/boot/solaris/filelist.ramdisk
/platform/sun4v/kernel.caiobella
^D (control D)

ok setenv boot-file kernel.caiobells/sparcv9/unix
ok printenv boot-file
boot-file = kernel.caiobella/sparcv9/unix

ok boot

SC Alert: Host System has Reset

SC Alert: Host system has shut down.


Sun Fire T200, No KeyboardCopyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
OpenBoot 4.25.0.build_01***PROTOTYPE BUILD***, 32760 MB memory available, Serial 
#69060038.
Ethernet address 0:x:4f:x:c5:c6, Host ID: 8xxc5c6.



Rebooting with command: boot
Boot device: /pci@7c0/pci@0/pci@1/pci@0,2/LSILogic,sas@2/disk@0,0:a  File and 
args: kernel.caiobella/sparcv9/unix
SunOS Release 5.10
Copyright 1983-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.
DEBUG enabled
misc/forthdebug (176650 bytes) loaded
Hostname: seasonz
NIS domain name is lab.domain.sun.com
Reading ZFS config: done.

seasonz console login:
Password:
Last login: Mon Nov 12 18:02:00 on console
Sun Microsystems Inc.   SunOS 5.10
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You have new mail.
#
#
# prtconf -vp | grep whoami
        whoami:  '/platform/sun4v/kernel.caiobella/sparcv9/unix'