Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Solaris Live Upgrade and Upgrade Planning

Previous: Chapter 8 Using Solaris Live Upgrade to Create a Boot Environment (Tasks)
Next: Chapter 10 Failure Recovery: Falling Back to the Original Boot Environment (Tasks)

Chapter 9 Upgrading With Solaris Live Upgrade (Tasks)

This chapter explains how to use Solaris Live Upgrade to upgrade and activate an inactive boot environment. This chapter contains the following sections:

You can use Solaris Live Upgrade with menus or by using the command-line interface (CLI). Procedures are documented for both interfaces. These procedures do not exhaust the possibilities for using Solaris Live Upgrade. For more information about commands, see Chapter 13, Solaris Live Upgrade (Command Reference) and the appropriate man pages, which more fully document CLI options.

Task Map: Upgrading a Boot Environment

Table 9–1 Task Map: Upgrading With Solaris Live Upgrade


Task	Description	For Instructions
Either upgrade a boot environment or install a Solaris Flash archive.	Upgrade the inactive boot environment with an OS image. Install a Solaris Flash archive on an inactive boot environment.	Upgrading a Boot Environment Installing Solaris Flash Archives on a Boot Environment
Activate an inactive boot environment.	Makes changes effective and switches the inactive boot environment to active .	Activating a Boot Environment
(optional) Switch back if a failure occurs when activating.	Reactivates to the original boot environment if a failure occurs.	Chapter 10, Failure Recovery: Falling Back to the Original Boot Environment (Tasks)

Upgrading a Boot Environment

Use the Upgrade menu or luupgrade command to upgrade a boot environment. This section provides the procedure for upgrading an inactive boot environment from files that are located on the following media:

NFS server
Local file
Local tape
Local device, including DVD or CD

Guidelines for Upgrading

When you upgrade a boot environment with the latest OS, you do not affect the active boot environment. The new files merge with the inactive boot environment critical file systems, but shareable file systems are not changed.

Rather than upgrading, if you have created a Solaris Flash archive, you could install the archive on an inactive boot environment. The new files overwrite critical file systems of the inactive boot environment, but shareable file systems are not changed. See Installing Solaris Flash Archives on a Boot Environment.

You can upgrade an inactive boot environment that contains any combination of physical disk slices, Solaris Volume Manager volumes, or Veritas Volume Manager volumes. The slice that is chosen for the root (/) file system must be a single-slice concatenation that is included in a RAID–1 volume (mirror). For procedures about creating a boot environment with mirrored file systems, see To Create a Boot Environment With RAID-1 Volumes (Mirrors) (Command-Line Interface).

Note –

If VxVM volumes are configured on your current system, the lucreate command can create a new boot environment. When the data is copied to the new boot environment, the Veritas file system configuration is lost and a UFS file system is created on the new boot environment.

Upgrading a System With Packages or Patches

You can use Solaris Live Upgrade to add patches and packages to a system. Solaris Live Upgrade creates a copy of the currently running system. This new boot environment can be upgraded or you can add packages or patches. When you use Solaris Live Upgrade, the only downtime the system incurs is that of a reboot. You can add patches and packages to a new boot environment with the luupgrade command.

Caution –

When adding and removing packages or patches, Solaris Live Upgrade requires packages or patches that comply with the SVR4 advanced packaging guidelines. While Sun packages conform to these guidelines, Sun cannot guarantee the conformance of packages from third-party vendors. If a package violates these guidelines, the package can cause the package-addition software to fail or alter the active boot environment during an upgrade.

For more information about packaging requirements, see Appendix B, Additional SVR4 Packaging Requirements (Reference).

Table 9–2 Upgrading a Boot Environment With Packages and Patches


Type of Installation	Description	For More Information
Adding patches to a boot environment.	Create a new boot environment and use the `luupgrade` command with the `-t` option.	To Add Patches to an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)
Adding packages to a boot environment.	Use the `luupgrade` command with the `-p` option.	To Add Packages to an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

To Upgrade an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Character User Interface)

To upgrade by using this procedure, you must use a DVD or a combined installation image. For an installation with CDs, you must use the procedure To Upgrade an Operating System Image From Multiple CDs (Command-Line Interface).

Steps

From the Solaris Live Upgrade main menu, select Upgrade.

The Upgrade menu screen is displayed.

Type the new boot environment's name.

Type the path to where the Solaris installation image is located.

Installation Media Type	Description
Network File System	Specify the path to the network file system where the installation image is located.
Local file	Specify the path to the local file system where the installation image is located.
Local tape	Specify the local tape device and the position on the tape where the installation image is located.
Local device, DVD, or CD	Specify the local device and the path to the installation image.

SPARC: If you are using a DVD or a CD, type the path to that disc, as in this example:
/cdrom/cdrom0/s0/Solaris_10_606/s0
If you have a combined image on the network, type the path to the network file system as in this example:
/net/installmachine/export/Solaris_10_606/os_image

To upgrade, press F3.

When the upgrade is completed, the main menu is displayed.

To Upgrade an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

To upgrade by using this procedure, you must use a DVD or a combined installation image. If the installation requires more than one CD, you must use the procedure To Upgrade an Operating System Image From Multiple CDs (Command-Line Interface).

Steps

Install the Solaris Live Upgrade SUNWlur and SUNWluu packages on your system. These packages must be from the release you are upgrading to. For step-by-step procedures, see To Install Solaris Live Upgrade With the pkgadd Command.

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

Indicate the boot environment to upgrade and the path to the installation software by typing:
# luupgrade -u -n BE_name -s os_image_path
-u

Upgrades an operating system image on a boot environment

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be upgraded

-s os_image_path

Specifies the path name of a directory that contains an operating system image

Example 9–1 Upgrading an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, the second_disk boot environment is upgraded. The pkgadd command adds the Solaris Live Upgrade packages from the release you are upgrading to.

# pkgadd -d /server/packages SUNWlur SUNWluu# luupgrade -u -n second_disk \ 
-s /net/installmachine/export/Solaris_10_606/OS_image

To Upgrade an Operating System Image From Multiple CDs (Command-Line Interface)

Because the operating system image resides on more than one CD, you must use this upgrade procedure. Use the luupgrade command with the -i option to install any additional CDs.

Steps

Install the Solaris Live Upgrade SUNWlur and SUNWluu packages on your system. These packages must be from the release you are upgrading to. For step-by-step procedures, see To Install Solaris Live Upgrade With the pkgadd Command.

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

Indicate the boot environment to upgrade and the path to the installation software by typing:
# luupgrade -u -n BE_name -s os_image_path
-u

Upgrades an operating system image on a boot environment

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be upgraded

-s os_image_path

Specifies the path name of a directory that contains an operating system image

When the installer is finished with the contents of the first CD, insert the second CD.

This step is identical to the previous step, but the -u option is replaced by the -i option. Also, choose to run the installer on the second CD with menus or with text.
- This command runs the installer on the second CD with menus.
  # luupgrade -i -n BE_name -s os_image_path
- This command runs the installer on the second CD with text and requires no user interaction.
  # luupgrade -i -n BE_name -s os_image_path -O '-nodisplay -noconsole'
-i

Installs additional CDs. The software looks for an installation program on the specified medium and runs that program. The installer program is specified with -s.

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be upgraded.

-s os_image_path

Specifies the path name of a directory that contains an operating system image.

-O '-nodisplay -noconsole'

(Optional) Runs the installer on the second CD in text mode and requires no user interaction.

Repeat Step 4 and Step 5 for each CD that you want to install.

The boot environment is ready to be activated. See Activating a Boot Environment.

Example 9–2 SPARC: Upgrading an Operating System Image From Multiple CDs (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, the second_disk boot environment is upgraded and the installation image is on two CDs: the Solaris Software - 1 and the Solaris Software - 2 CDs. The -u option determines if sufficient space for all the packages is on the CD set. The -O option with the -nodisplay and -noconsole options prevents the character user interface from displaying after the reading of the second CD. If you use these options, you are not prompted to type information. Omit these options to display the interface.

Install the Solaris Live Upgrade packages from the release you are upgrading to.

# pkgadd -d /server/packages SUNWlur SUNWluu

Insert the Solaris Software - 1 CD and type:

For SPARC based systems:

# luupgrade -u -n second_disk -s /cdrom/cdrom0/s0

For x86 based systems:

# luupgrade -u -n second_disk -s /cdrom/cdrom0/

Insert the Solaris Software - 2 CD and type the following.

# luupgrade -i -n second_disk -s /cdrom/cdrom0 -O '-nodisplay \ 
-noconsole'
Repeat this step for each CD that you need.

Repeat the previous step for each CD that you want to install.

To Add Packages to an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In the following procedure, packages are removed from and added to a new boot environment.

Caution –

When you are upgrading. adding and removing packages or patches, Solaris Live Upgrade requires packages or patches that comply with the SVR4 advanced packaging guidelines. While Sun packages conform to these guidelines, Sun cannot guarantee the conformance of packages from third-party vendors. If a package violates these guidelines, the package can cause the package-addition software to fail or can alter the active boot environment.

For more information about packaging requirements, see Appendix B, Additional SVR4 Packaging Requirements (Reference).

Steps

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

To remove a package or set of packages from a new boot environment, type:
# luupgrade -P -n second_disk package-name
-P

Indicates to remove the named package or packages from the boot environment

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment where the package is to be removed

package-name

Specifies the names of the packages to be removed. Separate multiple package names with spaces.

To add a package or a set of packages to the new boot environment, type:
# luupgrade -p -n second_disk -s /path-to-packages package-name
-p

Indicates to add packages to the boot environment.

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment where the package is to be added.

-s path-to-packages

Specifies the path to a directory that contains the package or packages that are to be added.

package-name

Specifies the names of the package or packages to be added. Separate multiple package names with a space.

Example 9–3 Adding packages to an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, packages are removed then added to the second_disk boot environment.

# luupgrade -P -n second_disk SUNWabc SUNWdef SUNWghi
# luupgrade -p -n second_disk -s /net/installmachine/export/packages \
SUNWijk SUNWlmn SUNWpkr

To Add Patches to an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In the following procedure, patches are removed from and added to a new boot environment.

Caution –

When you are adding and removing packages or patches, Solaris Live Upgrade requires packages or patches that comply with the SVR4 advanced packaging guidelines. While Sun packages conform to these guidelines, Sun cannot guarantee the conformance of packages from third-party vendors. If a package violates these guidelines, the package can cause the package-addition software to fail or can alter the active boot environment.

Steps

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

To remove a patch or set of patches from a new boot environment, type:
# luupgrade -T -n second_disk patch_name
-T

Indicates to remove the named patch or patches from the boot environment.

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment where the patch or patches are to be removed.

patch-name

Specifies the names of the patches to be removed. Separate multiple patch names with spaces.

To add a patch or a set of patches to the new boot environment, type the following command.
# luupgrade -t -n second_disk -s /path-to-patches patch-name
-t

Indicates to add patches to the boot environment.

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment where the patch is to be added.

-s path-to-patches

Specifies the path to the directory that contains the patches that are to be added.

patch-name

Specifies the names of the patch or patches that are to be added. Separate multiple patch names with a space.

Example 9–4 Adding Patches to an Operating System Image on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, patches are removed then added to the second_disk boot environment .

# luupgrade -T -n second_disk 222222-01
# luupgrade -t -n second_disk -s /net/installmachine/export/packages \
333333-01 4444444-01

To Obtain Information on Packages Installed on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

The follow procedure checks the integrity of the packages installed on the new boot environment.

Steps

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

To check the integrity of the newly installed packages on the new boot environment, type:
# luupgrade -C -n second_disk -O "-v" package-name
-C

Indicates to run the pkgchk command on the named packages

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment where the check is to be performed

-O

Passes the options directly to the pkgchk command

package-name

Specifies the names of the packages to be checked. Separate multiple package names with spaces. If package names are omitted, the check is done on all packages in the specified boot environment.

“-v”

Specifies to run the command in verbose mode

Example 9–5 Checking the Integrity of Packages on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, the packages SUNWabc, SUNWdef, and SUNWghi are checked to make sure they were installed properly and are not damaged.

# luupgrade -C -n second_disk SUNWabc SUNWdef SUNWghi

Upgrading by Using a JumpStart Profile

You can create a JumpStart profile to use with Solaris Live Upgrade. If you are familiar with the custom JumpStart program, this is the same profile that custom JumpStart uses. The following procedures enable you to create a profile, test the profile, and install by using the luupgrade command with the -j option.

Caution –

When you install the Solaris OS with a Solaris Flash archive, the archive and the installation media must contain identical OS versions. For example, if the archive is the Solaris 10 operating system and you are using DVD media, then you must use Solaris 10 DVD media to install the archive. If the OS versions do not match, the installation on the target system fails. Identical operating systems are necessary when you use the following keyword or command:

archive_location keyword in a profile
luupgrade command with -s, -a, -j, and -J options

For more information see the following:

To Create a Profile to be Used by Solaris Live Upgrade

This procedure shows you how to create a profile for use with Solaris Live Upgrade. You can use this profile to upgrade an inactive boot environment by using the luupgrade command with the -j option.

For procedures to use this profile, see the following sections:

For an upgrade with a profile, see To Upgrade With a Profile by Using Solaris Live Upgrade (Command-Line Interface).
For a Solaris Flash installation with a profile, see To Install a Solaris Flash Archive With a Profile (Command-Line Interface).

Steps

Use a text editor to create a text file.

Name the file descriptively. Ensure that the name of the profile reflects how you intend to use the profile to install the Solaris software on a system. For example, you might name this profile upgrade_Solaris_10_606.

Add profile keywords and values to the profile.

Only the upgrade keywords in the following tables can be used in a Solaris Live Upgrade profile.

The following table lists the keywords you can use with the Install_type keyword values of upgrade or flash_install.

Keywords for an Initial Archive Creation	Description	Reference
(Required) `Install_type`	Defines whether to upgrade the existing Solaris environment on a system or install a Solaris Flash archive on the system. Use the following values with this keyword: `upgrade` for an upgrade `flash_install` for a Solaris Flash installation `flash_update` for a Solaris Flash differential installation	For a description of all the values for this keyword, see install_type Profile Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Required for a Solaris Flash archive) `archive_location`	Retrieves a Solaris Flash archive from a designated location.	For a list of values that can be used with this keyword, see archive_location Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Optional) `cluster` (adding or deleting clusters)	Designates whether a cluster is to be added or deleted from the software group that is to be installed on the system.	For a list of values that can be used with this keyword, see cluster Profile Keyword (Adding Software Groups) in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Optional) `geo`	Designates the regional locale or locales that you want to install on a system or to add when upgrading a system.	For a list of values that can be used with this keyword, see geo Profile Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Optional) `local_customization`	Before you install a Solaris Flash archive on a clone system, you can create custom scripts to preserve local configurations on the clone system. The `local_customization` keyword designates the directory where you have stored these scripts. The value is the path to the script on the clone system.	For information about predeployment and postdeployment scripts, see Creating Customization Scripts in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Solaris Flash Archives (Creation and Installation).
(Optional) `locale`	Designates the locale packages you want to install or add when upgrading.	For a list of values that can be used with this keyword, see locale Profile Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Optional) `package`	Designates whether a package is to be added to or deleted from the software group that is to be installed on the system.	For a list of values that can be used with this keyword, see package Profile Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.

The following table lists the keywords you can use with the Install_type keyword value flash_update.

Keywords for a Differential Archive Creation	Description	Reference
(Required) `Install_type`	Defines the installation to install a Solaris Flash archive on the system. The value for a differential archive is `flash_update`.	For a description of all the values for this keyword, see install_type Profile Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Required) `archive_location`	Retrieves a Solaris Flash archive from a designated location.	For a list of values that can be used with this keyword, see archive_location Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Optional) `forced_deployment`	Forces the installation of a Solaris Flash differential archive onto a clone system that is different than the software expects. If you use `forced_deployment`, all new files are deleted to bring the clone system to the expected state. If you are not certain that you want files to be deleted, use the default, which protects new files by stopping the installation.	For more information about this keyword, see forced_deployment Profile Keyword (Installing Solaris Flash Differential Archives) in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Optional) `local_customization`	Before you install a Solaris Flash archive on a clone system, you can create custom scripts to preserve local configurations on the clone system. The `local_customization` keyword designates the directory where you have stored these scripts. The value is the path to the script on the clone system.	For information about predeployment and postdeployment scripts, see Creating Customization Scripts in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Solaris Flash Archives (Creation and Installation).
(Optional) `no_content_check`	When installing a clone system with a Solaris Flash differential archive, you can use the `no_content_check` keyword to ignore file-by-file validation. File-by-file validation ensures that the clone system is a duplicate of the master system. Avoid using this keyword unless you are sure the clone system is a duplicate of the original master system.	For more information about this keyword, see no_content_check Profile Keyword (Installing Solaris Flash Archives) in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
(Optional) `no_master_check`	When installing a clone system with a Solaris Flash differential archive, you can use the `no_master_check` keyword to ignore a check of files. Clone system files are not checked. A check would ensure the clone was built from the original master system. Avoid using this keyword unless you are sure the clone system is a duplicate of the original master system.	For more information about this keyword, see no_master_check Profile Keyword (Installing Solaris Flash Archives) in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.

Save the profile in a directory on the local system.

Ensure that root owns the profile and that the permissions are set to 644.

Test the profile (optional).

For a procedure to test the profile, see To Test a Profile to Be Used by Solaris Live Upgrade.

Example 9–6 Creating a Solaris Live Upgrade Profile

In this example, a profile provides the upgrade parameters. This profile is to be used to upgrade an inactive boot environment with the Solaris Live Upgrade luupgrade command and the -u and -j options. This profile adds a package and a cluster. A regional locale and additional locales are also added to the profile. If you add locales to the profile, make sure that you have created a boot environment with additional disk space.

# profile keywords         profile values
# ----------------         -------------------
  install_type             upgrade
  package                  SUNWxwman add
  cluster                  SUNWCacc add
  geo                      C_Europe
  locale                   zh_TW
  locale                   zh_TW.BIG5
  locale                   zh_TW.UTF-8
  locale                   zh_HK.UTF-8
  locale                   zh_HK.BIG5HK
  locale                   zh
  locale                   zh_CN.GB18030
  locale                   zh_CN.GBK
  locale                   zh_CN.UTF-8

Example 9–7 Creating a Solaris Live Upgrade Profile to Install a Differential Archive

The following example of a profile is to be used by Solaris Live Upgrade to install a differential archive on a clone system. Only files that are specified by the differential archive are added, deleted, or changed. The Solaris Flash archive is retrieved from an NFS server. Because the image was built by the original master system, the clone system is not checked for a valid system image. This profile is to be used with the Solaris Live Upgrade luupgrade command and the -u and -j options.

# profile keywords         profile values
# ----------------         -------------------
 install_type              flash_update
 archive_location          nfs installserver:/export/solaris/archive/solarisarchive
 no_master_check

To use the luupgrade command to install the differential archive, see To Install a Solaris Flash Archive With a Profile (Command-Line Interface).

To Test a Profile to Be Used by Solaris Live Upgrade

After you create a profile, use the luupgrade command to test the profile. By looking at the installation output that is generated by luupgrade, you can quickly determine if a profile works as you intended.

Step

Test the profile.

# luupgrade -u -n BE_name -D -s os_image_path -j profile_path

-u: Upgrades an operating system image on a boot environment.
-n BE_name: Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be upgraded.
-D: luupgrade command uses the selected boot environment's disk configuration to test the profile options that are passed with the -j option.
-s os_image_path: Specifies the path name of a directory that contains an operating system image. This directory can be on an installation medium, such as a DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, or it can be an NFS or UFS directory.
-j profile_path: Path to a profile that is configured for an upgrade. The profile must be in a directory on the local machine.

Example 9–8 Testing a Profile by Using Solaris Live Upgrade

In the following example, the profile is named Flash_profile. The profile is successfully tested on the inactive boot environment that is named second_disk.

# luupgrade -u -n u1b08 -D -s /net/installsvr/export/u1/combined.u1wos \
 -j /var/tmp/flash_profile
Validating the contents of the media /net/installsvr/export/u1/combined.u1wos.
The media is a standard Solaris media.
The media contains an operating system upgrade image.
The media contains Solaris version 10.
Locating upgrade profile template to use.
Locating the operating system upgrade program.
Checking for existence of previously scheduled Live Upgrade requests.
Creating upgrade profile for BE second_disk.
Determining packages to install or upgrade for BE second_disk.
Simulating the operating system upgrade of the BE second_disk.
The operating system upgrade simulation is complete.
INFORMATION: var/sadm/system/data/upgrade_cleanup contains a log of the
upgrade operation.
INFORMATION: var/sadm/system/data/upgrade_cleanup contains a log of
cleanup operations required.
The Solaris upgrade of the boot environment second_disk is complete.

You can now use the profile to upgrade an inactive boot environment.

To Upgrade With a Profile by Using Solaris Live Upgrade (Command-Line Interface)

This procedure provides step-by-step instructions for upgrading an OS by using a profile.

If you want to install a Solaris Flash archive by using a profile, see To Install a Solaris Flash Archive With a Profile (Command-Line Interface).

If you added locales to the profile, make sure that you have created a boot environment with additional disk space.

Caution –

archive_location keyword in a profile
luupgrade command with -s, -a, -j, and -J options

Steps

Install the Solaris Live Upgrade SUNWlur and SUNWluu packages on your system. These packages must be from the release you are upgrading to. For step-by-step procedures, see To Install Solaris Live Upgrade With the pkgadd Command.

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

Create a profile.

See To Create a Profile to be Used by Solaris Live Upgrade for a list of upgrade keywords that can be used in a Solaris Live Upgrade profile.

Type:
# luupgrade -u -n BE_name -s os_image_path -j profile_path
-u

Upgrades an operating system image on a boot environment.

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be upgraded.

-s os_image_path

Specifies the path name of a directory that contains an operating system image. This directory can be on an installation medium, such as a DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, or it can be an NFS or UFS directory.

-j profile_path

Path to a profile. The profile must be in a directory on the local machine. For information about creating a profile, see To Create a Profile to be Used by Solaris Live Upgrade.

The boot environment is ready to be activated.

Example 9–9 Upgrading a Boot Environment by Using a Custom JumpStart Profile (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, the second_disk boot environment is upgraded by using a profile. The -j option is used to access the profile. The boot environment is then ready to be activated. To create a profile, see To Create a Profile to be Used by Solaris Live Upgrade. The pkgadd command adds the Solaris Live Upgrade packages from the release you are upgrading to.

# pkgadd -d /server/packages SUNWlur SUNWluu
# luupgrade -u -n second_disk \ 
-s /net/installmachine/export/solarisX/OS_image \ 
-j /var/tmp/profile

Installing Solaris Flash Archives on a Boot Environment

This section provides the procedure for using Solaris Live Upgrade to install Solaris Flash archives. Installing a Solaris Flash archive overwrites all files on the new boot environment except for shared files. Archives are stored on the following media:

HTTP server
FTP server – Use this path from the command line only
NFS server
Local file
Local tape
Local device, including DVD or CD

Note the following issues with installing and creating a Solaris Flash archive.

Description	Example
Caution – When you install the Solaris OS with a Solaris Flash archive, the archive and the installation media must contain identical OS versions. If the OS versions do not match, the installation on the target system fails. Identical operating systems are necessary when you use the following keyword or command: `archive_location` keyword in a profile `luupgrade` command with `-s`, `-a`, `-j`, and `-J` options	For example, if the archive is the Solaris 10 operating system and you are using DVD media, then you must use Solaris 10 DVD media to install the archive.
Caution – A Solaris Flash archive cannot be properly created when a non-global zone is installed. The Solaris Flash feature is not compatible with the Solaris Zones feature. If you create a Solaris Flash archive in a non-global zone or create an archive in a global zone that has non-global zones installed, the resulting archive does not install properly when the archive is deployed.

Description

Example

Caution –

When you install the Solaris OS with a Solaris Flash archive, the archive and the installation media must contain identical OS versions. If the OS versions do not match, the installation on the target system fails. Identical operating systems are necessary when you use the following keyword or command:

archive_location keyword in a profile
luupgrade command with -s, -a, -j, and -J options

For example, if the archive is the Solaris 10 operating system and you are using DVD media, then you must use Solaris 10 DVD media to install the archive.

Caution –

A Solaris Flash archive cannot be properly created when a non-global zone is installed. The Solaris Flash feature is not compatible with the Solaris Zones feature. If you create a Solaris Flash archive in a non-global zone or create an archive in a global zone that has non-global zones installed, the resulting archive does not install properly when the archive is deployed.

Description	For More Information
For examples of the correct syntax for paths that are associated with archive storage.	See archive_location Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.
To use the Solaris Flash installation feature, you install a master system and create the Solaris Flash archive.	For more information about creating an archive, see Chapter 3, Creating Solaris Flash Archives (Tasks), in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Solaris Flash Archives (Creation and Installation).

To Install a Solaris Flash Archive on a Boot Environment (Character User Interface)

Steps

Install the Solaris Live Upgrade SUNWlur and SUNWluu packages on your system. These packages must be from the release you are upgrading to. For step-by-step procedures, see To Install Solaris Live Upgrade With the pkgadd Command.

From the Solaris Live Upgrade main menu, select Flash.

The Flash an Inactive Boot Environment menu is displayed.

Type the name of the boot environment where you want to install the Solaris Flash archive and the location of the installation media:
Name of Boot Environment: Solaris_10_606 Package media: /net/install-svr/export/Solaris_10_606/latest

Press F1 to add an archive.

An Archive Selection submenu is displayed.

Location            - Retrieval Method
<No Archives added> - Select ADD to add archives

This menu enables you to build a list of archives. To add or remove archives, proceed with the following steps.

To add an archive to the menu, press F1.

A Select Retrieval Method submenu is displayed.
HTTP NFS Local File Local Tape Local Device

On the Select Retrieval Method menu, select the location of the Solaris Flash archive.

Media Selected	Prompt
HTTP	Specify the URL and proxy information that is needed to access the Solaris Flash archive.
NFS	Specify the path to the network file system where the Solaris Flash archive is located. You can also specify the archive file name.
Local file	Specify the path to the local file system where the Solaris Flash archive is located.
Local tape	Specify the local tape device and the position on the tape where the Solaris Flash archive is located.
Local device	Specify the local device, the path to the Solaris Flash archive, and the type of file system on which the Solaris Flash archive is located.

A Retrieval submenu is displayed, similar to the following example, which depends on the media you selected.

NFS Location:

Type the path to the archive, as in the following example.
NFS Location: host:/path/to archive.flar

Press F3 to add the archive to the list.

(Optional) To remove an archive from the menu, press F2.

When the list contains the archives that you want to install, press F6 to exit.

Press F3 to install one or more archives.

The Solaris Flash archive is installed on the boot environment. All files on the boot environment are overwritten, except for shareable files.

The boot environment is ready for activation. See To Activate a Boot Environment (Character User Interface).

To Install a Solaris Flash Archive on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

Steps

Install the Solaris Live Upgrade SUNWlur and SUNWluu packages on your system. These packages must be from the release you are upgrading to. For step-by-step procedures, see To Install Solaris Live Upgrade With the pkgadd Command.

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

Type:
# luupgrade -f -n BE_name -s os_image_path -a archive
-f

Indicates to install an operating system from a Solaris Flash archive.

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be installed with an archive.

-s os_image_path

Specifies the path name of a directory that contains an operating system image. This directory can be on an installation medium, such as a DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, or it can be an NFS or UFS directory.

-a archive

Path to the Solaris Flash archive when the archive is available on the local file system. The operating system image versions that are specified with the -s option and the -a option must be identical.

Example 9–10 Installing Solaris Flash Archives on a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, an archive is installed on the second_disk boot environment. The archive is located on the local system. The operating system versions for the -s and -a options are both Solaris 10 6/06 releases. All files are overwritten on second_disk except shareable files. The pkgadd command adds the Solaris Live upgrade packages from the release you are upgrading to.

# pkgadd -d /server/packages SUNWlur SUNWluu
# luupgrade -f -n second_disk \ 
-s /net/installmachine/export/Solaris_10_606/OS_image \ 
-a /net/server/archive/Solaris_10_606

The boot environment is ready to be activated.

To Install a Solaris Flash Archive With a Profile (Command-Line Interface)

This procedure provides the steps to install a Solaris Flash archive or differential archive by using a profile.

If you added locales to the profile, make sure that you have created a boot environment with additional disk space.

Steps

Install the Solaris Live Upgrade SUNWlur and SUNWluu packages on your system. These packages must be from the release you are upgrading to. For step-by-step procedures, see To Install Solaris Live Upgrade With the pkgadd Command.

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

Create a profile.

See To Create a Profile to be Used by Solaris Live Upgrade for a list of keywords that can be used in a Solaris Live Upgrade profile.

Type:
# luupgrade -f -n BE_name -s os_image_path -j profile_path
-f

Indicates to install an operating system from a Solaris Flash archive.

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be upgraded.

-s os_image_path

Specifies the path name of a directory that contains an operating system image. This directory can be on an installation medium, such as a DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, or it can be an NFS or UFS directory.

-j profile_path

Path to a JumpStart profile that is configured for a flash installation. The profile must be in a directory on the local machine. The -s option's operating system version and the Solaris Flash archive operating system version must be identical.

The boot environment is ready to be activated.

Example 9–11 Install a Solaris Flash archive on a Boot Environment With a Profile (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, a profile provides the location of the archive to be installed.

# profile keywords         profile values
# ----------------         -------------------
 install_type              flash_install
 archive_location          nfs installserver:/export/solaris/flasharchive/solarisarchive

After creating the profile, you can run the luupgrade command and install the archive. The -j option is used to access the profile. The pkgadd command adds the Solaris Live Upgrade packages from the release you are upgrading to.

# pkgadd -d /server/packages SUNWlur SUNWluu
# luupgrade -f -n second_disk \ 
-s /net/installmachine/export/solarisX/OS_image \ 
-j /var/tmp/profile

The boot environment is then ready to be activated. To create a profile, see To Create a Profile to be Used by Solaris Live Upgrade.

To Install a Solaris Flash Archive With a Profile Keyword (Command-Line Interface)

This procedure enables you to install a Solaris Flash archive and use the archive_location keyword at the command line rather than from a profile file. You can quickly retrieve an archive without the use of a profile file.

Steps

Install the Solaris Live Upgrade SUNWlur and SUNWluu packages on your system. These packages must be from the release you are upgrading to. For step-by-step procedures, see To Install Solaris Live Upgrade With the pkgadd Command.

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

Type:
# luupgrade -f -n BE_name -s os_image_path -J 'archive_location path-to-profile'
-f

Specifies to upgrade an operating system from a Solaris Flash archive.

-n BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be upgraded.

-s os_image_path

Specifies the path name of a directory that contains an operating system image. This directory can be on an installation medium, such as a DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, or it can be an NFS or UFS directory.

-J 'archive_location path-to-profile'

Specifies the archive_location profile keyword and the path to the JumpStart profile. The -s option's operating system version and the Solaris Flash archive operating system version must be identical. For the keyword values, see archive_location Keyword in Solaris 10 6/06 Installation Guide: Custom JumpStart and Advanced Installations.

The boot environment is ready to be activated.

Example 9–12 Installing a Solaris Flash Archive By Using a Profile Keyword (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, an archive is installed on the second_disk boot environment. The -J option and the archive_location keywords are used to retrieve the archive. All files are overwritten on second_disk except shareable files. The pkgadd command adds the Solaris Live Upgrade packages from the release you are upgrading to.

# pkgadd -d /server/packages SUNWlur SUNWluu
# luupgrade -f -n second_disk \ 
-s /net/installmachine/export/solarisX/OS_image \ 
-J 'archive_location http://example.com/myflash.flar'

Activating a Boot Environment

Activating a boot environment makes it bootable on the next reboot of the system. You can also switch back quickly to the original boot environment if a failure occurs on booting the newly active boot environment. See Chapter 10, Failure Recovery: Falling Back to the Original Boot Environment (Tasks).

Description	For More Information
Use this procedure to activate a boot environment and use a character user interface (CUI). Note – The first time you activate a boot environment, the Activate menu or the `luactivate` command must be used.	To Activate a Boot Environment (Character User Interface)
Use this procedure to activate a boot environment with the `luactivate` command. Note – The first time you activate a boot environment, the Activate menu or the `luactivate` command must be used.	To Activate a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)
Use this procedure to activate a boot environment and force a synchronization of files. Note – Files are synchronized with the first activation. If you switch boot environments after the first activation, files are not synchronized.	To Activate a Boot Environment and Synchronize Files (Command-Line Interface)
x86: Use this procedure to activate a boot environment with the GRUB menu. Note – A GRUB menu can facilitate switching from one boot environment to another. A boot environment appears in the GRUB menu after the first activation.	x86: To Activate a Boot Environment With the GRUB Menu (Command-Line Interface)

Requirements and Limitations for Activating a Boot Environment

To successfully activate a boot environment, that boot environment must meet the following conditions:

Description	For More Information
The boot environment must have a status of “complete.”	To check status, see Displaying the Status of All Boot Environments.
If the boot environment is not the current boot environment, you cannot have mounted the partitions of that boot environment by using the `luumount` or `mount` commands.	To view man pages, see lumount(1M) or mount(1M).
The boot environment that you want to activate cannot be involved in a comparison operation.	For procedures, see Comparing Boot Environments.
If you want to reconfigure swap, make this change prior to booting the inactive boot environment. By default, all boot environments share the same swap devices.	To reconfigure swap, see “To Create a New Boot Environment,” Step 9 or To Create a Boot Environment and Reconfiguring Swap (Command-Line Interface).

x86 only –

If you have an x86 based system, you can also activate with the GRUB menu. Note the following exceptions:

If a boot environment was created with the Solaris 8, 9, or 10 3/05 release, the boot environment must always be activated with the luactivate command or the Activate menu. These older boot environments do not display on the GRUB menu.
The first time you activate a boot environment, you must use the luactivate command or the Activate menu. The next time you boot, that boot environment's name is displayed in the GRUB main menu. You can thereafter switch to this boot environment by selecting the appropriate entry in the GRUB menu.

See x86: Activating a Boot Environment With the GRUB Menu.

To Activate a Boot Environment (Character User Interface)

The first time you boot from a newly created boot environment, Solaris Live Upgrade software synchronizes the new boot environment with the boot environment that was last active. “Synchronize” means that certain critical system files and directories are copied from the last-active boot environment to the boot environment being booted. Solaris Live Upgrade does not perform this synchronization after this initial boot unless you request to do so when prompted to force a synchronization.

For more information about synchronization, see Synchronizing Files Between Boot Environments.

x86 only –

If you have an x86 based system, you can also activate with the GRUB menu. Note the following exceptions:

If a boot environment was created with the Solaris 8, 9, or 10 3/05 release, the boot environment must always be activated with the luactivate command or the Activate menu. These older boot environments do not display on the GRUB menu.
The first time you activate a boot environment, you must use the luactivate command or the Activate menu. The next time you boot, that boot environment's name is displayed in the GRUB main menu. You can thereafter switch to this boot environment by selecting the appropriate entry in the GRUB menu.

See x86: Activating a Boot Environment With the GRUB Menu.

Steps

From the Solaris Live Upgrade main menu, select Activate.

Type the name of the boot environment to make active:

Name of Boot Environment: Solaris_10_606
Do you want to force a Live Upgrade sync operations: no

You can either continue or force a synchronization of files.
- Press Return to continue.
  
  The first time that the boot environment is booted, files are automatically synchronized.
- You can force a synchronization of files, but use this feature with caution. Operating systems on each boot environment must be compatible with files that are being synchronized. To force a synchronization of files, type:
  Do you want to force a Live Upgrade sync operations: yes
  Caution –
  Use a forced synchronization with great care, because you might not be aware of or in control of changes that might have occurred in the last-active boot environment. For example, if you were running Solaris 10 6/06 software on your current boot environment and booted back to a Solaris 9 release with a forced synchronization, files could be changed on the Solaris 9 release. Because files are dependent on the release of the OS, the boot to the Solaris 9 release could fail because the Solaris 10 6/06 files might not be compatible with the Solaris 9 files.

Press F3 to begin the activation process.

Press Return to continue.

The new boot environment is activated at the next reboot.

To activate the inactive boot environment, reboot:
# init 6

To Activate a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

The following procedure switches a new boot environment to become the currently running boot environment.

x86 only –

If you have an x86 based system, you can also activate with the GRUB menu. Note the following exceptions:

If a boot environment was created with the Solaris 8, 9, or 10 3/05 release, the boot environment must always be activated with the luactivate command or the Activate menu. These older boot environments do not display on the GRUB menu.
The first time you activate a boot environment, you must use the luactivate command or the Activate menu. The next time you boot, that boot environment's name is displayed in the GRUB main menu. You can thereafter switch to this boot environment by selecting the appropriate entry in the GRUB menu.

See x86: Activating a Boot Environment With the GRUB Menu.

Steps

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

To activate the boot environment, type:
# /sbin/luactivate BE_name
BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be activated

Reboot.
# init 6
Caution –
Use only the init or shutdown commands to reboot. If you use the reboot, halt, or uadmin commands, the system does not switch boot environments. The last-active boot environment is booted again.

Example 9–13 Activating a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, the second_disk boot environment is activated at the next reboot.

# /sbin/luactivate second_disk
# init 6

To Activate a Boot Environment and Synchronize Files (Command-Line Interface)

The first time you boot from a newly created boot environment, Solaris Live Upgrade software synchronizes the new boot environment with the boot environment that was last active. “Synchronize” means that certain critical system files and directories are copied from the last-active boot environment to the boot environment being booted. Solaris Live Upgrade does not perform this synchronization after the initial boot, unless you force synchronization with the luactivate command and the -s option.

x86 only –

When you switch between boot environments with the GRUB menu, files also are not synchronized. You must use the following procedure to synchronize files.

For more information about synchronization, see Synchronizing Files Between Boot Environments.

Steps

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

To activate the boot environment, type:
# /sbin/luactivate -s BE_name
-s

Forces a synchronization of files between the last-active boot environment and the new boot environment. The first time that a boot environment is activated, the files between the boot environment are synchronized With subsequent activations, the files are not synchronized unless you use the -s option.

Caution –
Use this option with great care, because you might not be aware of or in control of changes that might have occurred in the last-active boot environment. For example, if you were running Solaris 10 6/06 software on your current boot environment and booted back to a Solaris 9 release with a forced synchronization, files could be changed on the Solaris 9 release. Because files are dependent on the release of the OS, the boot to the Solaris 9 release could fail because the Solaris 10 6/06 files might not be compatible with the Solaris 9 files.

BE_name

Specifies the name of the boot environment that is to be activated.

Reboot.
# init 6

Example 9–14 Activating a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)

In this example, the second_disk boot environment is activated at the next reboot and the files are synchronized.

# /sbin/luactivate -s second_disk
# init 6

x86: Activating a Boot Environment With the GRUB Menu

A GRUB menu provides an optional method of switching between boot environments. The GRUB menu is an alternative to activating (booting) with the luactivate command or the Activate menu. The table below notes cautions and limitations when using the GRUB menu.

Table 9–3 x86: Activating With the GRUB Menu Summary


Task	Description	For More Information
Caution	After you have activated a boot environment, do not change the disk order in the BIOS. Changing the order might cause the GRUB menu to become invalid. If this problem occurs, changing the disk order back to the original state fixes the GRUB menu.
Activating a boot environment for the first time	The first time you activate a boot environment, you must use the `luactivate` command or the Activate menu. The next time you boot, that boot environment's name is displayed in the GRUB main menu. You can thereafter switch to this boot environment by selecting the appropriate entry in the GRUB menu.	To Activate a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)
Synchronizing files	The first time you activate a boot environment, files are synchronized between the current boot environment and the new boot environment. With subsequent activations, files are not synchronized. When you switch between boot environments with the GRUB menu, files also are not synchronized. You can force a synchronization when using the `luactivate` command with the `-s` option.	To Activate a Boot Environment and Synchronize Files (Command-Line Interface)
Boot environments created before the Solaris 10 1/06 release	If a boot environment was created with the Solaris 8, 9, or 10 3/05 release, the boot environment must always be activated with the `luactivate` command or the Activate menu. These older boot environments do not display on the GRUB menu.	To Activate a Boot Environment (Command-Line Interface)
Editing or customizing the GRUB menu entries	The `menu.lst` file contains the information that is displayed in the GRUB menu. You can revise this file for the following reasons: To add to the GRUB menu entries for operating systems other than the Solaris OS. To customize booting behavior. For example, you could change booting to verbose mode or change the default time that automatically boots the OS. Note – If you want to change the GRUB menu, you need to locate the `menu.lst` file. For step-by-step instructions, see x86: Locating the GRUB Menu's `menu.lst` File (Tasks). Caution – Do not use the GRUB `menu.lst` file to modify Solaris Live Upgrade entries. Modifications could cause Solaris Live Upgrade to fail. Although you can use the `menu.lst` file to customize booting behavior, the preferred method for customization is to use the `eeprom` command. If you use the `menu.lst` file to customize, the Solaris OS entries might be modified during a software upgrade. Changes to the file could be lost.	x86: GRUB Based Booting (Overview) Chapter 11, GRUB Based Booting (Tasks), in System Administration Guide: Basic Administration

x86: To Activate a Boot Environment With the GRUB Menu (Command-Line Interface)

You can switch between two boot environments with the GRUB menu. Note the following limitations:

The first activation of a boot environment must be done with the luactivate command or the Activate menu. After the initial activation, the boot environment is displayed on the GRUB menu. The boot environment can then be booted from the GRUB menu.
Caution - Switching to a boot environment with the GRUB menu bypasses synchronization. For more information about synchronizing files, see link Forcing a Synchronization Between Boot Environments.
If a boot environment was created with the Solaris 8, 9, or 10 3/05 release, the boot environment must always be activated with the luactivate command or the Activate menu. These older boot environments are not displayed on the GRUB menu.

Steps

Become superuser or assume an equivalent role.

Roles contain authorizations and privileged commands. For more information about roles, see Configuring RBAC (Task Map) in System Administration Guide: Security Services.

Reboot the system.

# init 6

The GRUB main menu is displayed. The two operating systems are listed, Solaris and second_disk, which is a Solaris Live Upgrade boot environment. The failsafe entries are for recovery, if for some reason the primary OS does not boot.

GNU GRUB version 0.95 (616K lower / 4127168K upper memory)
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Solaris                                                            |
|Solaris  failsafe                                                  |
|second_disk                                                        |
|second_disk failsafe                                               |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
Use the ^ and v keys to select which entry is highlighted. Press
enter to boot the selected OS, 'e' to edit the commands before
booting, or 'c' for a command-line.

To activate a boot environment, use the arrow key to select the desired boot environment and press Return.

The selected boot environment is booted and becomes the active boot environment.