Oracle Solaris ZFS 管理指南

使用 Oracle Solaris Live Upgrade 迁移或升级具有区域的系统(最低Solaris 10 5/09)

从 Solaris 10 10/08 发行版开始,您可以使用 Oracle Solaris Live Upgrade 功能迁移或升级具有区域的系统。从 Solaris 10 5/09 发行版开始,Live Upgrade 支持更多稀疏根和完全根区域配置。

本节介绍从 Solaris 10 5/09 发行版开始,如何配置具有区域的系统,以便使用 Oracle Solaris Live Upgrade 升级和修补该系统。如果要迁移到没有区域的 ZFS 根文件系统,请参见使用 Oracle Solaris Live Upgrade 迁移到 ZFS 根文件系统(没有区域)

从 Solaris 10 5/09 发行版开始,对 ZFS 和区域使用 Oracle Solaris Live Upgrade 时,请考虑以下几点:

从 Solaris 10 5/09 发行版开始,如果您要迁移或配置具有区域的系统,请查看以下信息:

支持的 ZFS 和区域根配置信息(最低 Solaris 10 5/09)

在使用 Oracle Solaris Live Upgrade 迁移或升级具有区域的系统之前,需要先查看支持的区域配置。

Procedure如何创建具有 ZFS 根文件系统和区域根的 ZFS BE(最低 Solaris 10 5/09)

执行最低 Solaris 10 5/09 发行版的初始安装之后,使用此过程创建 ZFS 根文件系统。使用 luupgrade 功能将 ZFS 根文件系统升级到最低 Solaris 10 5/09 发行版之后,也可以使用此过程。然后,可以升级或修补使用此过程创建的 ZFS BE。

在后面的步骤中,Oracle Solaris 10 9/10 示例系统在 /rpool/zones 中具有 ZFS 根文件系统和区域根数据集。将创建名为 zfs2BE 的 ZFS BE,然后可以对其进行升级或修补。

  1. 查看现有的 ZFS 文件系统。


    # zfs list
    NAME                   USED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
    rpool                 7.26G  59.7G    98K  /rpool
    rpool/ROOT            4.64G  59.7G    21K  legacy
    rpool/ROOT/zfsBE      4.64G  59.7G  4.64G  /
    rpool/dump            1.00G  59.7G  1.00G  -
    rpool/export            44K  59.7G    23K  /export
    rpool/export/home       21K  59.7G    21K  /export/home
    rpool/swap               1G  60.7G    16K  -
    rpool/zones            633M  59.7G   633M  /rpool/zones
  2. 确保安装和引导了区域。


    # zoneadm list -cv
      ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
       0 global           running    /                              native   shared
       2 zfszone          running    /rpool/zones                   native   shared
  3. 创建 ZFS BE。


    # lucreate -n zfs2BE
    Analyzing system configuration.
    No name for current boot environment.
    INFORMATION: The current boot environment is not named - assigning name <zfsBE>.
    Current boot environment is named <zfsBE>.
    Creating initial configuration for primary boot environment <zfsBE>.
    The device </dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0> is not a root device for any boot environment; cannot get BE ID.
    PBE configuration successful: PBE name <zfsBE> PBE Boot Device </dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0>.
    Comparing source boot environment <zfsBE> file systems with the file 
    system(s) you specified for the new boot environment. Determining which 
    file systems should be in the new boot environment.
    Updating boot environment description database on all BEs.
    Updating system configuration files.
    Creating configuration for boot environment <zfs2BE>.
    Source boot environment is <zfsBE>.
    Creating boot environment <zfs2BE>.
    Cloning file systems from boot environment <zfsBE> to create boot environment <zfs2BE>.
    Creating snapshot for <rpool/ROOT/zfsBE> on <rpool/ROOT/zfsBE@zfs2BE>.
    Creating clone for <rpool/ROOT/zfsBE@zfs2BE> on <rpool/ROOT/zfs2BE>.
    Setting canmount=noauto for </> in zone <global> on <rpool/ROOT/zfs2BE>.
    Population of boot environment <zfs2BE> successful.
    Creation of boot environment <zfs2BE> successful.
  4. 激活 ZFS BE。


    # lustatus
    Boot Environment           Is       Active Active    Can    Copy      
    Name                       Complete Now    On Reboot Delete Status    
    -------------------------- -------- ------ --------- ------ ----------
    zfsBE                      yes      yes    yes       no     -         
    zfs2BE                     yes      no     no        yes    -         
    # luactivate zfs2BE
    A Live Upgrade Sync operation will be performed on startup of boot environment <zfs2BE>.
    .
    .
    .
    # init 6
    
  5. 确认在新 BE 中创建了 ZFS 文件系统和区域。


    # zfs list
    NAME                               USED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
    rpool                             7.38G  59.6G    98K  /rpool
    rpool/ROOT                        4.72G  59.6G    21K  legacy
    rpool/ROOT/zfs2BE                 4.72G  59.6G  4.64G  /
    rpool/ROOT/zfs2BE@zfs2BE          74.0M      -  4.64G  -
    rpool/ROOT/zfsBE                  5.45M  59.6G  4.64G  /.alt.zfsBE
    rpool/dump                        1.00G  59.6G  1.00G  -
    rpool/export                        44K  59.6G    23K  /export
    rpool/export/home                   21K  59.6G    21K  /export/home
    rpool/swap                           1G  60.6G    16K  -
    rpool/zones                       17.2M  59.6G   633M  /rpool/zones
    rpool/zones-zfsBE                  653M  59.6G   633M  /rpool/zones-zfsBE
    rpool/zones-zfsBE@zfs2BE          19.9M      -   633M  -
    # zoneadm list -cv
      ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
       0 global           running    /                              native   shared
       - zfszone          installed  /rpool/zones                   native   shared

Procedure如何升级或修补具有区域根的 ZFS 根文件系统(最低 Solaris 10 5/09)

在 Solaris 10 5/09 或以上的发行版中,当您需要升级或修补具有区域根的 ZFS 根文件系统时,请使用此过程。这些更新可以是对系统进行升级,也可以是应用一些修补程序。

在后面的步骤中,zfs2BE 为升级或修补的引导环境的示例名称。

  1. 查看现有的 ZFS 文件系统。


    # zfs list
    NAME                               USED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
    rpool                             7.38G  59.6G   100K  /rpool
    rpool/ROOT                        4.72G  59.6G    21K  legacy
    rpool/ROOT/zfs2BE                 4.72G  59.6G  4.64G  /
    rpool/ROOT/zfs2BE@zfs2BE          75.0M      -  4.64G  -
    rpool/ROOT/zfsBE                  5.46M  59.6G  4.64G  /
    rpool/dump                        1.00G  59.6G  1.00G  -
    rpool/export                        44K  59.6G    23K  /export
    rpool/export/home                   21K  59.6G    21K  /export/home
    rpool/swap                           1G  60.6G    16K  -
    rpool/zones                       22.9M  59.6G   637M  /rpool/zones
    rpool/zones-zfsBE                  653M  59.6G   633M  /rpool/zones-zfsBE
    rpool/zones-zfsBE@zfs2BE          20.0M      -   633M  -
  2. 确保安装和引导了区域。


    # zoneadm list -cv
      ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
       0 global           running    /                              native   shared
       5 zfszone          running    /rpool/zones                   native   shared
  3. 创建 ZFS BE 以进行升级或修补。


    # lucreate -n zfs2BE
    Analyzing system configuration.
    Comparing source boot environment <zfsBE> file systems with the file 
    system(s) you specified for the new boot environment. Determining which 
    file systems should be in the new boot environment.
    Updating boot environment description database on all BEs.
    Updating system configuration files.
    Creating configuration for boot environment <zfs2BE>.
    Source boot environment is <zfsBE>.
    Creating boot environment <zfs2BE>.
    Cloning file systems from boot environment <zfsBE> to create boot environment <zfs2BE>.
    Creating snapshot for <rpool/ROOT/zfsBE> on <rpool/ROOT/zfsBE@zfs2BE>.
    Creating clone for <rpool/ROOT/zfsBE@zfs2BE> on <rpool/ROOT/zfs2BE>.
    Setting canmount=noauto for </> in zone <global> on <rpool/ROOT/zfs2BE>.
    Creating snapshot for <rpool/zones> on <rpool/zones@zfs10092BE>.
    Creating clone for <rpool/zones@zfs2BE> on <rpool/zones-zfs2BE>.
    Population of boot environment <zfs2BE> successful.
    Creation of boot environment <zfs2BE> successful.
  4. 选择以下操作之一来升级系统或将修补程序应用到新引导环境:

    • 升级系统。


      # luupgrade -u -n zfs2BE -s /net/install/export/s10up/latest
      

      其中 -s 选项指定 Solaris 安装介质的位置。

      此过程要花费很长时间。

      有关 luupgrade 过程的完整示例,请参见示例 5–6

    • 将修补程序应用到新引导环境。


      # luupgrade -t -n zfs2BE -t -s /patchdir patch-id-02 patch-id-04
      
  5. 激活新引导环境。


    # lustatus
    Boot Environment           Is       Active Active    Can    Copy      
    Name                       Complete Now    On Reboot Delete Status    
    -------------------------- -------- ------ --------- ------ ----------
    zfsBE                      yes      yes    yes       no     -         
    zfs2BE                     yes      no     no        yes    -    
    # luactivate zfs2BE
    A Live Upgrade Sync operation will be performed on startup of boot environment <zfs2BE>.
    .
    .
    .
  6. 从新激活的引导环境引导。


    # init 6
    

示例 5–6 将具有区域根的 ZFS 根文件系统升级到 Oracle Solaris 10 9/10 ZFS 根文件系统

在此示例中,将在具有 ZFS 根文件系统和非根池的区域根的 Solaris 10 10/09 系统上创建的 ZFS BE (zfsBE) 升级到 Oracle Solaris 10 9/10 发行版。此过程要花费较长时间。然后,激活升级的 BE (zfs2BE)。请确保在尝试升级之前,安装并引导了区域。

在此示例中,zonepool 池、/zonepool/zones 数据集和 zfszone 区域是按如下方式创建的:


# zpool create zonepool mirror c2t1d0 c2t5d0
# zfs create zonepool/zones
# chmod 700 zonepool/zones
# zonecfg -z zfszone
zfszone: No such zone configured
Use 'create' to begin configuring a new zone.
zonecfg:zfszone> create
zonecfg:zfszone> set zonepath=/zonepool/zones
zonecfg:zfszone> verify
zonecfg:zfszone> exit
# zoneadm -z zfszone install
cannot create ZFS dataset zonepool/zones: dataset already exists
Preparing to install zone <zfszone>.
Creating list of files to copy from the global zone.
Copying <8960> files to the zone.
.
.
.

# zoneadm list -cv
  ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
   0 global           running    /                              native   shared
   2 zfszone          running    /zonepool/zones                native   shared

# lucreate -n zfsBE
.
.
.
# luupgrade -u -n zfsBE -s /net/install/export/s10up/latest
40410 blocks
miniroot filesystem is <lofs>
Mounting miniroot at </net/system/export/s10up/latest/Solaris_10/Tools/Boot>
Validating the contents of the media </net/system/export/s10up/latest>.
The media is a standard Solaris media.
The media contains an operating system upgrade image.
The media contains <Solaris> version <10>.
Constructing upgrade profile to use.
Locating the operating system upgrade program.
Checking for existence of previously scheduled Live Upgrade requests.
Creating upgrade profile for BE <zfsBE>.
Determining packages to install or upgrade for BE <zfsBE>.
Performing the operating system upgrade of the BE <zfsBE>.
CAUTION: Interrupting this process may leave the boot environment unstable 
or unbootable.
Upgrading Solaris: 100% completed
Installation of the packages from this media is complete.
Updating package information on boot environment <zfsBE>.
Package information successfully updated on boot environment <zfsBE>.
Adding operating system patches to the BE <zfsBE>.
The operating system patch installation is complete.
INFORMATION: The file </var/sadm/system/logs/upgrade_log> on boot 
environment <zfsBE> contains a log of the upgrade operation.
INFORMATION: The file </var/sadm/system/data/upgrade_cleanup> on boot 
environment <zfsBE> contains a log of cleanup operations required.
INFORMATION: Review the files listed above. Remember that all of the files 
are located on boot environment <zfsBE>. Before you activate boot 
environment <zfsBE>, determine if any additional system maintenance is 
required or if additional media of the software distribution must be 
installed.
The Solaris upgrade of the boot environment <zfsBE> is complete.
Installing failsafe
Failsafe install is complete.
# luactivate zfsBE
# init 6
# lustatus
Boot Environment           Is       Active Active    Can    Copy      
Name                       Complete Now    On Reboot Delete Status    
-------------------------- -------- ------ --------- ------ ----------
zfsBE                      yes      no     no        yes    -         
zfs2BE                     yes      yes    yes       no     -         
# zoneadm list -cv
  ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
   0 global           running    /                              native   shared
   - zfszone          installed  /zonepool/zones                native   shared

Procedure如何将具有区域根的 UFS 根文件系统迁移到 ZFS 根文件系统(最低 Solaris 10 5/09)

使用此过程将具有 UFS 根文件系统和区域根的系统迁移到 Solaris 10 5/09 或以上的发行版。然后,使用 Oracle Solaris Live Upgrade 创建 ZFS BE。

在后面的步骤中,示例 UFS BE 名称为 c0t1d0s0,UFS 区域根为 zonepool/zfszone,ZFS 根 BE 为 zfsBE

  1. 如果系统正在运行先前的 Solaris 10 发行版,请将其升级到最低 Solaris 10 5/09 发行版。

    有关对运行 Solaris 10 发行版的系统进行升级的信息,请参见《Oracle Solaris 10 9/10 安装指南:Solaris Live 升级和升级规划》

  2. 创建根池。

    有关根池要求的信息,请参见ZFS 支持对于 Oracle Solaris 安装和 Oracle Solaris Live Upgrade 的要求

  3. 确认已引导 UFS 环境中的区域。


    # zoneadm list -cv
      ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
       0 global           running    /                              native   shared
       2 zfszone          running    /zonepool/zones                native   shared
  4. 创建新 ZFS 引导环境。


    # lucreate -c c1t1d0s0 -n zfsBE -p rpool
    

    此命令将为新引导环境在根池中建立数据集并将当前引导环境(包括区域)复制到这些数据集。

  5. 激活新 ZFS 引导环境。


    # lustatus
    Boot Environment           Is       Active Active    Can    Copy      
    Name                       Complete Now    On Reboot Delete Status    
    -------------------------- -------- ------ --------- ------ ----------
    c1t1d0s0                   yes      no     no        yes    -         
    zfsBE                      yes      yes    yes       no     -         #
    luactivate zfsBE       
    A Live Upgrade Sync operation will be performed on startup of boot environment <zfsBE>.
    .
    .
    .
  6. 重新引导系统。


    # init 6
    
  7. 确认在新 BE 中创建了 ZFS 文件系统和区域。


    # zfs list
    NAME                                USED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
    rpool                              6.17G  60.8G    98K  /rpool
    rpool/ROOT                         4.67G  60.8G    21K  /rpool/ROOT
    rpool/ROOT/zfsBE                   4.67G  60.8G  4.67G  /
    rpool/dump                         1.00G  60.8G  1.00G  -
    rpool/swap                          517M  61.3G    16K  -
    zonepool                            634M  7.62G    24K  /zonepool
    zonepool/zones                      270K  7.62G   633M  /zonepool/zones
    zonepool/zones-c1t1d0s0             634M  7.62G   633M  /zonepool/zones-c1t1d0s0
    zonepool/zones-c1t1d0s0@zfsBE       262K      -   633M  -
    # zoneadm list -cv
      ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
       0 global           running    /                              native   shared
       - zfszone          installed  /zonepool/zones                native   shared

示例 5–7 将具有区域根的 UFS 根文件系统迁移到 ZFS 根文件系统

在此示例中,将具有 UFS 根文件系统和区域根 (/uzone/ufszone)、ZFS 非根池 (pool) 以及区域根 (/pool/zfszone) 的 Oracle Solaris 10 9/10 系统迁移到 ZFS 根文件系统。在尝试迁移之前,请确保创建了 ZFS 根池并且安装和引导了区域。


# zoneadm list -cv
  ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
   0 global           running    /                              native   shared
   2 ufszone          running    /uzone/ufszone                 native   shared
   3 zfszone          running    /pool/zones/zfszone            native   shared

# lucreate -c ufsBE -n zfsBE -p rpool
Analyzing system configuration.
No name for current boot environment.
Current boot environment is named <zfsBE>.
Creating initial configuration for primary boot environment <zfsBE>.
The device </dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0> is not a root device for any boot environment; cannot get BE ID.
PBE configuration successful: PBE name <ufsBE> PBE Boot Device </dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0>.
Comparing source boot environment <ufsBE> file systems with the file 
system(s) you specified for the new boot environment. Determining which 
file systems should be in the new boot environment.
Updating boot environment description database on all BEs.
Updating system configuration files.
The device </dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0> is not a root device for any boot environment; cannot get BE ID.
Creating configuration for boot environment <zfsBE>.
Source boot environment is <ufsBE>.
Creating boot environment <zfsBE>.
Creating file systems on boot environment <zfsBE>.
Creating <zfs> file system for </> in zone <global> on <rpool/ROOT/zfsBE>.
Populating file systems on boot environment <zfsBE>.
Checking selection integrity.
Integrity check OK.
Populating contents of mount point </>.
Copying.
Creating shared file system mount points.
Copying root of zone <ufszone> to </.alt.tmp.b-EYd.mnt/uzone/ufszone>.
Creating snapshot for <pool/zones/zfszone> on <pool/zones/zfszone@zfsBE>.
Creating clone for <pool/zones/zfszone@zfsBE> on <pool/zones/zfszone-zfsBE>.
Creating compare databases for boot environment <zfsBE>.
Creating compare database for file system </rpool/ROOT>.
Creating compare database for file system </>.
Updating compare databases on boot environment <zfsBE>.
Making boot environment <zfsBE> bootable.
Creating boot_archive for /.alt.tmp.b-DLd.mnt
updating /.alt.tmp.b-DLd.mnt/platform/sun4u/boot_archive
Population of boot environment <zfsBE> successful.
Creation of boot environment <zfsBE> successful.
# lustatus
Boot Environment           Is       Active Active    Can    Copy      
Name                       Complete Now    On Reboot Delete Status    
-------------------------- -------- ------ --------- ------ ----------
ufsBE                      yes      yes    yes       no     -         
zfsBE                      yes      no     no        yes    -         
# luactivate zfsBE    
.
.
.
# init 6
.
.
.
# zfs list
NAME                                    USED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
pool                                    628M  66.3G    19K  /pool
pool/zones                              628M  66.3G    20K  /pool/zones
pool/zones/zfszone                     75.5K  66.3G   627M  /pool/zones/zfszone
pool/zones/zfszone-ufsBE                628M  66.3G   627M  /pool/zones/zfszone-ufsBE
pool/zones/zfszone-ufsBE@zfsBE           98K      -   627M  -
rpool                                  7.76G  59.2G    95K  /rpool
rpool/ROOT                             5.25G  59.2G    18K  /rpool/ROOT
rpool/ROOT/zfsBE                       5.25G  59.2G  5.25G  /
rpool/dump                             2.00G  59.2G  2.00G  -
rpool/swap                              517M  59.7G    16K  -
# zoneadm list -cv
  ID NAME             STATUS     PATH                           BRAND    IP    
   0 global           running    /                              native   shared
   - ufszone          installed  /uzone/ufszone                 native   shared
   - zfszone          installed  /pool/zones/zfszone            native   shared