A finish script is a user-defined Bourne shell script that you specify in the rules file. A finish script performs tasks after the Solaris software is installed on a system, but before the system reboots. You can use finish scripts only when using custom JumpStart to install Solaris.
Tasks that you can perform with a finish script include the following:
Adding files
Adding individual packages or patches in addition to the ones that are installed in a particular software group
Customizing the root environment
Setting the system's root password
Installing additional software
The Solaris installation program mounts the system's file systems on /a. The file systems remain mounted on /a until the system reboots. You can use the finish script to add, change, or remove files from the newly installed file system hierarchy by modifying the file systems that are respective to /a.
During the installation, output from the finish script is deposited in /tmp/finish.log. After the installation is completed, the log file is redirected to /var/sadm/system/logs/finish.log.
Ensure that root owns the finish script and that the permissions are set to 644.
You can use custom JumpStart environment variables in your finish scripts. For a list of environment variables, see Custom JumpStart Environment Variables.
Save finish scripts in the JumpStart directory.
Through a finish script, you can add files from the JumpStart directory to an already installed system. You can add the files because the JumpStart directory is mounted on the directory that is specified by the SI_CONFIG_DIR variable. The directory is set to /tmp/install_config by default.
You can also replace files by copying files from the JumpStart directory to already existing files on the installed system.
Copy all of the files that you are adding to the installed system to the JumpStart directory.
Insert the following line in the finish script for each file that you want to be copied to the newly installed file system hierarchy:
cp ${SI_CONFIG_DIR}/file_name /a/path_name |
For example, assume you have a special application, site_prog, developed for all users at your site. If you place a copy of site_prog into the JumpStart directory, the following line in a finish script copies site_prog from the JumpStart directory into a system's /usr/bin directory:
cp ${SI_CONFIG_DIR}/site_prog /a/usr/bin |
You can create a finish script to automatically add packages or patches after the Solaris software is installed on a system. By adding packages with a finish script, you reduce time and ensure consistency in which packages and patches are installed on different systems at your site.
When you use the pkgadd(1M) or patchadd(1M) commands in finish scripts, use the -R option to specify /a as the root path.
Example 4–3 shows an example of a finish script that adds packages.
Example 4–4 shows an example of a finish script that adds patches.
#!/bin/sh BASE=/a MNT=/a/mnt ADMIN_FILE=/a/tmp/admin mkdir ${MNT} mount -f nfs sherlock:/export/package ${MNT} cat >${ADMIN_FILE} <<DONT_ASK mail=root instance=overwrite partial=nocheck runlevel=nocheck idepend=nocheck rdepend=nocheck space=ask setuid=nocheck conflict=nocheck action=nocheck basedir=default DONT_ASK /usr/sbin/pkgadd -a ${ADMIN_FILE} -d ${MNT} -R ${BASE} SUNWxyz umount ${MNT} rmdir ${MNT} |
The following describes some commands for this example.
The following command mounts a directory on a server that contains the package to install.
mount -f nfs sherlock:/export/package ${MNT} |
The following command creates a temporary package administration file, admin, to force the pkgadd(1M) command not to perform checks or prompt for questions when installing a package. Use the temporary package administration file to maintain a hands-off installation when you are adding packages.
cat >${ADMIN_FILE} <<DONT_ASK |
The following pkgadd command adds the package by using the -a option, specifying the package administration file, and the -R option, specifying the root path.
/usr/sbin/pkgadd -a ${ADMIN_FILE} -d ${MNT} -R ${BASE} SUNWxyz |
#!/bin/sh ######## # # USER-CONFIGURABLE OPTIONS # ######## # The location of the patches to add to the system after it's installed. # The OS rev (5.x) and the architecture (`mach`) will be added to the # root. For example, /foo on a 8 SPARC would turn into /foo/5.8/sparc LUPATCHHOST=ins3525-svr LUPATCHPATHROOT=/export/solaris/patchdb ######### # # NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS PAST THIS POINT # ######### BASEDIR=/a # Figure out the source and target OS versions echo Determining OS revisions... SRCREV=`uname -r` echo Source $SRCREV LUPATCHPATH=$LUPATCHPATHROOT/$SRCREV/`mach` # # Add the patches needed # echo Adding OS patches mount $LUPATCHHOST:$LUPATCHPATH /mnt >/dev/null 2>&1 if [ $? = 0 ] ; then for patch in `cat /mnt/*Recommended/patch_order` ; do (cd /mnt/*Recommended/$patch ; echo yes | patchadd -u -d -R $BASEDIR .) done cd /tmp umount /mnt else echo "No patches found" if |
In the past, the chroot(1M) command was used with the pkgadd and patchadd commands in the finish script environment. In rare instances, some packages or patches do not work with the -R option. You must create a dummy /etc/mnttab file in the /a root path before issuing the chroot command.
To create a dummy /etc/mnttab file, add the following line to your finish script:
cp /etc/mnttab /a/etc/mnttab
You can also use finish scripts to customize files that are already installed on a system. For example, the finish script in Example 4–5 customizes the root environment by appending information to the .cshrc file in the root (/) directory.
#!/bin/sh # # Customize root's environment # echo "***adding customizations in /.cshrc" test -f a/.cshrc || { cat >> a/.cshrc <<EOF set history=100 savehist=200 filec ignoreeof prompt="\$user@`uname -n`> " alias cp cp -i alias mv mv -i alias rm rm -i alias ls ls -FC alias h history alias c clear unset autologout EOF } |
After the Solaris software is installed on a system, the system reboots. Before the boot process is completed, the system prompts for the root password. Until someone types a password, the system cannot finish booting.
A finish script that is named set_root_pw is saved in the auto_install_sample directory. The finish script shows how to set the root password automatically, without prompting. set_root_pw is shown in Example 4–6.
If you set the system's root password with a finish script, users might attempt to discover the root password from the encrypted password in your finish script. Ensure that you safeguard against users who might try to determine the root password.
#!/bin/sh # # @(#)set_root_pw 1.4 93/12/23 SMI # # This is an example Bourne shell script to be run after installation. # It sets the system's root password to the entry defined in PASSWD. # The encrypted password is obtained from an existing root password entry # in /etc/shadow from an installed machine. echo "setting password for root" # set the root password PASSWD=dKO5IBkSF42lw #create a temporary input file cp /a/etc/shadow /a/etc/shadow.orig mv /a/etc/shadow /a/etc/shadow.orig nawk -F: '{ if ( $1 == "root" ) printf"%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s\n",$1,passwd,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8,$9 else printf"%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s\n",$1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8,$9 }' passwd="$PASSWD" /a/etc/shadow.orig > /a/etc/shadow #remove the temporary file rm -f /a/etc/shadow.orig # set the flag so sysidroot won't prompt for the root password sed -e 's/0 # root/1 # root/' ${SI_SYS_STATE} > /tmp/state.$$ mv /tmp/state.$$ ${SI_SYS_STATE} |
The following describes some of the commands in this example.
The following command sets the variable PASSWD to an encrypted root password that is obtained from an existing entry in a system's /etc/shadow file.
#create a temporary input file |
The following command creates a temporary input file of /a/etc/shadow.
cp /a/etc/shadow /a/etc/shadow.orig |
The following command changes the root entry in the /etc/shadow file for the newly installed system by using $PASSWD as the password field.
if ( $1 == "root" ) |
The following command removes the temporary /a/etc/shadow file.
rm -f /a/etc/shadow.orig |
The following command changes the entry from 0 to a 1 in the state file so that the user is not prompted for the root password. The state file is accessed by using the variable SI_SYS_STATE, which has a value currently of /a/etc/.sysIDtool.state. To avoid problems with your scripts if this value changes, always reference this file by using $SI_SYS_STATE. The sed command that is shown here contains a tab character after the 0 and after the 1.
sed -e 's/0 # root/1 # root/' ${SI_SYS_STATE} > /tmp/state.$$ |
You can use finish scripts to install additional software after the Solaris OS is installed. The Solaris installation program prompts you to enter information during the installation. To maintain a hands-off installation, you can run the Solaris installation program with the -nodisplay or -noconsole options.
Table 4–1 Solaris Installation Options
Option |
Description |
---|---|
-nodisplay |
Runs the installer without a graphic user interface. Use the default product installation unless the installation was modified by the -locales option. |
-noconsole |
Runs the installation without any interactive text console device. Useful when paired with -nodisplay for UNIX script use. |
For more information, see the man page installer(1M).