To use the en_US.UTF-8 locale environment, make sure to choose the locale first. Be sure you have the en_US.UTF-8 locale installed on your system.
In a TTY environment, choose the locale first, by setting the LANG environment variable to en_US.UTF-8, as in the following C-shell example:
system% setenv LANG en_US.UTF-8 |
Make sure that other categories are not set (or are set to en_US.UTF-8) since the LANG environment variable has a lower priority than other environment variables such as LC_ALL, LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, LC_NUMERIC, LC_MONETARY and LC_TIME at setting the locale. See the setlocale(3C) man page for more details about the hierarchy of environment variables.
To check current locale settings in various categories, use the locale(1) utility. locale(1)
system% locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8" LC_ALL= |
You can also start the en_US.UTF-8 environment from the CDE desktop. At the CDE login screen's Options -> Language menu, choose en_US.UTF-8.
To ensure correct text edit operation by a terminal or by a terminal emulator such as dtterm(1), users should push certain locale-specific STREAMS modules onto their Streams.
For more information on STREAMS modules and streams in general, see the STREAMS Programming Guide.
Table 4-1 shows STREAMS modules supported by the en_US.UTF-8 locale in the terminal environment:
Table 4-1 32-bit STREAMS Modules Supported by en_US.UTF-8
Table 4-2 lists the 64-bit STREAMS Modules Supported by en_US.UTF-8.
Table 4-2 64-bit STREAMS Modules Supported by en_US.UTF-8
64-bit STREAMS module |
Description |
---|---|
/usr/kernel/strmod/sparcv9/eucu8 |
UTF-8 STREAMS module for tail side |
/usr/kernel/strmod/sparcv9/u8euc |
UTF-8 STREAMS module for head side |
/usr/kernel/strmod/sparcv9/u8lat1 |
Code conversion STREAMS module betweenUTF-8 and ISO 8859-1 (Western European) |
/usr/kernel/strmod/sparcv9/u8lat2 |
Code conversion STREAMS module between UTF-8 and ISO 8859-2 (Eastern European) |
/usr/kernel/strmod/sparcv9/u8koi8 |
Code conversion STREAMS module betweenUTF-8 and KOI8-R (Cyrillic) |
To load a STREAMS module at kernel, first become root:
system% su Password: system# |
To determine whether you are running a 32-bit Solaris or 64-bit Solaris system, use the isainfo(1) utility as follows:
system# isainfo -v 64-bit sparcv9 applications 32-bit sparc applications system# |
If the command returns this information, you are running the 64-bit Solaris system. If you are running the 32-bit Solaris system, the utility shows the following:
system# isainfo -v 32-bit sparc applications system# |
Use modinfo(1M) to be certain that your system has not already loaded the STREAMS module:
system# modinfo | grep eucu8modulename |
If the STREAMS module, such as eucu8, is already installed, the output will look as follows:
system# modinfo | grep eucu8 89 ff798000 4b13 18 1 eucu8 (eucu8 module) system# |
If the module is already installed, you don't need to load it. However, if the module has not yet been loaded, use modload(1M)as follows:
system# modload /usr/kernel/strmod/eucu8modulename |
This loads the 32-bit eucu8 STREAMS module at the kernel, so you can push it onto a Stream. If you are running the 64-bit Solaris product, use modload(1M) as follows:
system# modload /usr/kernel/strmod/sparcv9/eucu8 |
The STREAMS module is installed at the kernel, and you can now push it onto a Stream.
To unload a module from the kernel, use modunload(1M), as shown below. In this example, the eucu8 module is being unloaded.
system# modinfo | grep eucu8 89 ff798000 4b13 18 1 eucu8 (eucu8 module) system# modunload -i 89 |
The dtterm(1) and any terminal that supports input and output of the UTF-8 codeset should have the following STREAMS configuration:
head <-> ttcompat <-> u8euc <-> ldterm <-> eucu8 <-> pseudo-TTY |
In this example, u8euc and eucu8 are the modules supported by the en_US.UTF-8 locale. Make sure you already loaded the STREAMS modules into the kernel as specified in the previous section.
To set up the above STREAMS configuration, use,strchg(1) as shown below:
system% cat > /tmp/mystreams ttcompat u8euc ldterm eucu8 ptem ^D system% strchg -f /tmp/mystreams |
When using strchg(1) , be sure you are either root or the owner of the device. To see the current configuration of STREAMS, use strconf(1) as shown below:
system% strconf ttcompat u8euc ldterm eucu8 ptem pts system% |
To revert to the original configuration, set the STREAMS configuration again as shown below:
system% cat > /tmp/orgstreams ttcompat ldterm ptem ^D system% strchg -f/tmp/orgstreams |
For terminals that support only Latin-1 (ISO 8859-1), Latin-2 (ISO 8859-2), or KOI8-R, you should have the following STREAMS configuration:
head <-> ttcompat <-> u8euc <-> ldterm <-> eucu8 <-> u8lat1 <-> TTY |
This configuration is only for terminals that support Latin-1. For Latin-2 terminals, replace the STREAMS module u8lat1 with u8lat2. For KOI8-R terminals, replace the module with u8koi8.
To set up the STREAMS configuration shown above, use strchg(1), as follows:
system% cat > tmp/mystreams ttcompat u8euc ldterm eucu8 u8lat1 ptem ^D system% strchg -f /tmp/mystreams |
Be sure that you are either root or the owner of the device when you use strchg(1). To see the current configuration, usestrchg(1) , as follows:
system% strconf ttcompat u8euc ldterm eucu8 u8lat1 ptem pts system% |
To revert to the original configuration, set the STREAMS configuration as follows:
system% cat > /tmp/orgstreams ttcompat ldterm ptem ^D system% strchg -f /tmp/orgstreams |
To set up the UTF-8 text edit behavior on TTY, you must first set some terminal options using stty(1) as follows:
system% /bin/stty cs8 -istrip defeucw |
Since /usr/ucb/stty is not yet internationalized, you should use /bin/stty instead.
You can also query the current settings using stty(1) with the -a option, as shown below:
system% /bin/stty -a |
Assuming the necessary STREAMS modules are already loaded with the kernel, you can save the following lines in your .cshrc file (C shell example) for convenience:
setenv LANG en_US.UTF-8 if ($?USER != 0 && $?prompt != 0) then cat >! /tmp/mystreams$$ << _EOF ttcompat u8euc ldtterm eucu8 ptem _EOF /bin/strchg -f /tmp/mystream$$ /bin/rm -f /tmp/mystream$$ /bin/stty cs8 -istrip defeucw endif |
With these lines in your.cshrc file, you do not have to type all of the commands each time. Note that the second _EOF should be in the first column of the file. You can also create a file called mystreams and save it so the .cshrc references to mystreams instead of creating it whenever you start a C shell.