Use File Manager to create, find, and use desktop objects: files, folders, and applications. Each object is represented by an icon in File Manager.
To open File Manager:
Click the File Manager control in the Front Panel.
The File Manager main window is a view of a folder on your system. The folder you are currently viewing is called the current folder.
Current folder path - Displays iconic view of the current folder's path (double-click to change path)
Menu bar and menus - Contains the commands available in File Manager
Object viewing area - Shows the objects (files and folders) in the current working folder
Object icons - Uses icons to represent the files and folders in the current folder
This section describes basic file system concepts.
A file is a container that holds information. Most of the files you use contain information (data) in some particular format—a document, a spreadsheet, a chart. The format is the particular way the data is arranged inside the file. The format of a file is known as its data type.
When File Manager is in one of its icon-view modes, you can identify the data type of a file by the icon used to represent the file. Each data type has a different icon.
Most application programs understand a limited number of data types. For example, a document editor probably cannot read a spreadsheet file. The desktop helps you recognize different types of files using a data-type database. In most cases, when you double-click a file, the desktop will automatically launch the application that understands that file's data type.
The maximum allowable length of a file name varies from system to system. Some operating systems do not allow file names longer than 14 characters. If necessary, consult with your system administrator.
A folder is a container for files, similar to a folder in a file cabinet. In fact, File Manager uses a folder icon to represent a folder. A folder can contain other folders—sometimes called subfolders. With folders and subfolders, you can create multiple layers of organization that form a hierarchy. In other contexts, folders are often referred to as directories.
Within any single folder, each file name must be unique. However, files in different folders may have the same name.
As you navigate from folder to folder, your current location is referred to as the current folder.
Since files and folders are both represented in File Manager as icons, the term object is used to describe them both. Objects are discrete things on the desktop that you can create and manipulate.
On the desktop, applications can also be represented as objects. For example, Application Manager contains objects representing the applications available on your system.
The location of a file is often specified by listing the folders and subfolders that lead to the file—this list is called a path. A file's path is visible in two places in File Manager. First it is shown in the iconic path as a string of folders. Second, it is shown in a text form in the text path line above the view area. These two areas can be turned off. (See To Configure the Headers for more information.)
The path to an object is a way to specify where the object is located in the file system. There are two ways to specify the path: absolute path and relative path.
A path is an absolute path if it begins at the root folder. The root folder is the single common folder on your system where the hierarchy begins. If a path begins with a slash (/), it is an absolute path specified from the root folder. For example, the following is an absolute path to the file letter:
/usr/dt/config/letter
A path is relative if it describes the location of a file or folder as it relates to the current folder. If you are in a folder and you want to move down the folder tree, you don't need to type the absolute path name. You can just type the path starting with the name of the next folder in the path. If a path does not begin with a slash, it is a relative path. For example, if the current folder is /usr/dt and you want to move to the folder /usr/dt/config/letters, you would use the following relative path:
config/letters
Two special folder names are useful when specifying relative paths. The “.” folder (sometimes called “dot”) represents the current folder. The “..” folder (sometimes called “dot-dot”) represents the parent folder—the folder one level up in the folder hierarchy. For example, if your current folder is /usr/dt/config, then the relative path to the Dtwm file becomes:
../app-defaults/language/Dtwm
because the file is in the /usr/dt/app-defaults/language folder, one level above the current folder and in the app-defaults/language subfolder.
If you still want to learn more about your computer's file system, refer to the online help or documentation for your operating system. There are also many commercial books available that cover the basics of file systems and file management.
To get started using File Manager, you need to learn a few basic skills. Each icon in File Manager represents an object that you can manipulate in a variety of ways, including:
Object selection
Dragging and dropping
Using pop-up menus
Renaming objects
Getting online help on objects
Opening objects
Viewing information about an object
When you select the icon of a file or folder, its name is highlighted. Many choices in File Manager's menus apply to the currently selected file or folder. The Selected menu contains choices that affect only the currently selected objects. The contents of this menu will change as you select different kinds of objects in the view area.
Selecting multiple files is useful if you want to delete several files at once, or move a group of files to a new folder. Note that when you select more than one object, the Actions portion of the Selected menu will be empty.
When multiple icons are selected, dragging any one of the selected icons drags the whole group. The Selected menu and various menu commands that apply only to a single object are inactive.
To deselect icons, hold the Control key down and highlight those icons again; this causes them to become unselected from the group.
Click once on the icon.
Use the Tab and arrow keys to move the highlight to the icon you want to select.
Press the Spacebar.
To deselect a file or folder, select another icon or click an empty area within the File Manager window.
Drag the mouse from a blank area to draw a box around the icons you want to select, and then release the mouse button.
You can then hold down the Control key and drag around additional icons.
If you have selected icons in File Manager, clicking or dragging anywhere in the File Manager scrolling pane will deselect those icons. However, if you hold down the Control button before clicking or dragging in the scrolling pane, your existing selections are retained. This method is useful for making multiple selections.
When the icons you want to select are not located next to each other, click mouse button 1 to select the first icon, then hold down the Control key and click mouse button 1 to select each additional icon.
Select the first file or folder icon by pressing the Spacebar.
For each additional icon you want to select, move the highlight to it, then press Control+Spacebar.
Put the mouse pointer over the file or folder.
Press and hold mouse button 1.
Drag the icon to where you want to drop it.
Release the mouse button.
So, the motion for dropping an object is press…drag…release.
To cancel a drag in progress, press Esc before releasing the mouse button.
If more than one icon is selected, you drag the entire group by dragging any of the selected icons.
You cannot drag and drop an object without a mouse or other pointing device.
To move a file to another folder, drop the icon on the destination folder's icon. Or, if both the source and destination folders are open, drag the icon from the source folder's view window and drop it onto the background of the folder's view window.
To place an icon for a file or folder on the backdrop of your current workspace, drop the file or folder icon outside of any window. A desktop object is really just a reference to the real object, which remains in the File Manager view, unchanged.
To print a file, drop the file icon onto the Printer control in the Front Panel (or one of the printers in the Personal Printers subpanel).
To delete a file or folder, drop the file or folder icon onto the Trash Can control in the Front Panel.
If you try to drop an icon in a location that does not support dropped objects, the icon snaps back to its original location in File Manager or on the desktop.
Each object in File Manager has a pop-up menu. The File Manager window itself has a pop-up menu viewable when the pointer is placed in a location in the view window outside the boundaries of the individual file or folder objects.
Point to the icon whose pop-up menu you want to display and press mouse button 3.
To choose a command from the menu, drag to the command, then release. Or, click the command.
Using the Tab and direction keys, move the highlight to the icon whose menu you want to display.
Press Shift+F10.
To choose a command from the menu, use the direction keys to highlight the command, then press Return.
To cancel the menu without choosing a command, press Esc.
Select the file or folder name by clicking the name beneath its icon.
Type the new name.
Press Return. If you click outside the name without first pressing Return, your changes will be lost.
To cancel a rename operation, press Esc.
You can't rename actions.
Use the Tab and arrow keys to move to the icon for the file or folder you want to rename.
Press the Spacebar to highlight (select) the icon name.
Choose Rename from the Selected menu.
Type the new name.
Press Return.
To cancel a rename operation, press Esc.
The description displayed when you ask for help on an icon describes the data type associated with the file or folder. The description is specified in the data-type definition.
To get help using the mouse:
Select the file or folder, then press F1.
Or, put the mouse pointer on the object and select help from the object's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing mouse button 3).
Or, choose On Item from the Help menu, then click the file or folder's icon.
To get help using the keyboard:
Use the Tab and arrow keys to move to the icon, then press F1.
To find out more about how to use Help, see Chapter 3, Getting Help.
Use the Information dialog box to view information about a file or folder.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder whose information you want to view.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu, or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The Properties dialog box appears.
Click the Information radio button.
Examine the information about the file or folder:
Owner Name – The name of the file or folder's owner
Group Name – The name of the group to which the file or folder belongs
Size – The size of the file or folder
Last Accessed – The date on which the file or folder was last accessed
Last Modified – The date on which the file or folder was last modified
If you want to view the information for another file or folder, select the object, choose Properties from the Selected menu, and click the Information radio button. If you bring up the Properties dialog box by typing sdtfprop& on the command line, you can click Browse in the dialog box and select the file or folder name to view properties.
The most basic action you can perform on an object is to open it. “Open” is a very general term, and the action taken depends on the type of object you are opening. For example, opening a folder changes the File Manager view to show the contents of that folder. Opening a data file usually starts the application that created the file and loads the data file.
Double-click the icon.
Double-clicking an icon executes the object's default action, which is always the first action in the Actions portion of the Selected menu. For most data files, the default action opens the file by starting the appropriate application and loading the file.
Or, select the icon, then go to the menu bar and choose Open (or Open In Place or Open New View) from the Selected menu.
Or, choose an Open item from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The major identifying features of a file or folder are:
Its name and location in the folder hierarchy.
Its owner permissions (properties).
For more information on permissions and how to set them, see File and Folder Ownership and Security.
Whether it is linked to another file. A linked file is a representation of another file. Linked files provide a way for you to have one file that appears to exist in two or more folders.
The following procedures assume that you have permission to write to the files or directories. See Basic Permissions.
Choose New File or New Folder from the File menu.
Type the name into the New File or New Folder field.
Click OK or press Return.
To close the New File or New Folder dialog box without creating a new file or folder, click Cancel or press Esc.
There are two other ways to create objects:
Copy an existing object, then rename the copy (see To Copy a File or Folder (Mouse)).
Create a new file within an application. For example, Text Editor creates a new file when you save a new document.
Make the source and destination folders visible: by opening a File Manager view of the contents of the destination folder or the icon of the closed destination folder.
Select the file or folder to be moved and drag it to the destination folder.
If you move a folder, the entire folder and its contents are moved.
Use the Tab and direction keys to move the highlight to the file or folder to be moved.
Press the Spacebar to select the object.
Choose Move to from the Selected menu.
Type a name into the Destination Folder text field.
For example, if you want to move the file report into the folder /u/john, you would type /u/john.
Click OK or press Return.
If you move a folder, the entire folder and its contents are moved.
Make the source and destination folders visible:
Open a File Manager view of the contents of the destination folder or the icon of the closed destination folder.
Select the file or folder to be copied.
Press and hold the Control key.
Drag the file or folder and drop it onto the destination folder.
Make sure that you release the mouse button before you release the Control key. Otherwise, you will move instead of copy the file or folder.
Select the icon.
Choose Copy to from the Selected menu.
Type a name into the Destination Folder text field.
Note that this must be the new full path name for the file. For example, if you want to copy the file report into the folder /u/john, you would type /u/john.
Click OK or press Return.
To close the Copy File dialog box without copying a file, click Cancel or press Esc.
A link icon is a copy of an icon that points to the same file or folder as the original icon. Any changes you make after opening the link icon will also appear when you access the file or folder using the original icon.
Make the source and destination folders visible:
Open a File Manager view of the contents of the destination folder.
Or, open a File Manager view that shows the icon of the closed destination folder.
Select the file or folder to be copied.
Press and hold the Shift key and the Control key while dragging and dropping the icon of a file or folder onto the icon of a new folder.
When you drop the icon, File Manager creates symbolic link in the new folder that points to the original file or folder. Make sure that you release the mouse button before you release the Shift key and the Control key. Otherwise, you will move instead of link the file or folder.
Use the Tab and arrow keys to move the highlight to the icon of the file or folder to which you want to link.
Press the Spacebar to select the icon.
Choose Copy as Link from the Selected menu.
Type a name into the Destination Folder text field including the path for the name of the folder where you want this link icon to appear.
(Optional) If you want this link icon to have a different name that the original icon, type a new name in the Name for copy text field.
Click OK or press Return.
Each File Manager window (also called a view) shows the contents of a single folder.
If you are not familiar with hierarchical file systems, see Basic File System Concepts.
You can change to another folder in any of the following ways:
Double-click a folder icon.
Select a folder icon and choose Open In Place from the Selected menu to open the folder in the current window, or Open New View from the Selected menu to open it in a new window.
Choose the Open In Place or Open New View command from the folder's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
Double-click a folder in the iconic path to change the view to that folder.
Select (click) the current folder line to change it into a text field. Type the name of the path you want and then press Return.
In the current folder line, double-click a segment of the current path. For example, if the current folder is /users/fredj/.dt/types, you can change to the /users/fredj folder by double-clicking the word fredj.
Choose Go To from the File menu. Enter the folder's full path name in the Destination Folder text field of the Go To window.
Choose Go Up from the File menu
This procedure opens a terminal emulator window with the same current folder as the File Manager window. This is a quick way to type a command to affect the contents of the folder you are currently viewing.
Choose Open Terminal from the File menu.
You must have execute permission for a folder before you can open a Terminal window from it.
To find out how to use terminal emulators, see Chapter 14, Using Terminal .
Actions act on objects, and are a basic part of working with them. For example, printing the contents of an object uses the Print action. Starting an application for a data file object uses an Open action, or some other application action.
The Selected menu contains a list of commands followed by a list of actions you can use with the selected icon. The contents of the actions portion of the Selected menu change depending on the type of icon that is currently selected.
The action listed at the top of the action portion of the menu (the default action) is the action that will be taken when you double-click a file or folder. In the menu shown in the figure, the default action is Open In Place.
The default action is the first action listed in the actions portion of the Selected menu.
Select the object's icon.
Choose the action you want to execute from the Selected menu or from the object's pop-up menu.
The Trash Can collects the files and folders that you delete. They are not actually removed from the file system until the trash is “emptied.” You can only change your mind and restore a file you've put in the Trash Can if the Trash Can hasn't been emptied.
Click the Trash Can control in the Front Panel.
Choose Put in Trash from the object's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
Or, select the object's icon, then choose Put in Trash from the Selected menu.
Or, drag the object's icon and drop it onto the Trash Can control in the Front Panel.
Or, drag an object's icon to the open Trash Can window.
Drag the object from the Trash Can window to File Manager.
Or, in the Trash Can window, select the object you want to restore and choose Put back from the File menu.
Or, choose Put back from the object's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
When you delete a file permanently, it cannot be recovered (unless you have a backup mechanism.)
Select the objects you want to empty from the Trash Can.
Select individual objects, or choose Select All from the File menu.
Choose Shred from the File menu or from the object's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
Click OK in the confirmation dialog box.
The traditional UNIX file and folder protection scheme provides read, write, and execute permissions for three user types: owner, group, and other. These are called basic permissions.
Access Control Lists (ACLs) provide greater control over file and folder permissions than do basic permissions. ACLs enable you to define file or folder permissions for the owner, owner's group, others, and specific users and groups, and default permissions for each of these categories.
The permissions on a file or folder specify how it can be accessed. These permissions apply to the basic user types as well as to the ACL default types described in Setting Default Permissions Through an Access Control List.
Read Permission – Allows access to retrieve, copy, or view the contents of the object.
Write Permission – For a file, allows access to change the contents of the file. For a folder, allows access to create or delete objects from the folder.
Execute Permission – For a file, allows access to run the file (for executable files, scripts, and actions). For a folder, allows access to search and list the folder's contents.
If you do not have permission to write inside a folder, the folder will look like this:
If you do not have read or execute permission for a folder, the folder will look like this:
For a file or folder, the three basic types of users are:
Owner – The user who owns the file or folder. Only a system administrator (root user) can change the owner of a file or folder.
Group – Users who have been grouped together by the system administrator. For example, the members of a department might belong to the same group. This group is the owning group and usually includes the file or folder's owner.
Other – All other users on the system besides the owner and owning group.
To make a folder private:
Change the folder's properties, giving yourself (the owner) read, write, and execute permission, but giving no permissions for group and other. This means that only you and the root user can view the contents of the folder.
To make an object that you've created available for everyone to use but protect it so it isn't inadvertently overwritten:
Change the file's properties, giving read and execute permission to owner, group, and other. Don't give anyone write permission.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder whose permissions you want to view.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu, or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
Examine the file or folder's Basic Permissions in the Effective column (“r” stands for Read permission, “w” stands for Write permission, and “x” stands for Execute permission).
Owner – The permissions granted to the file or folder's owner
Group – The permissions granted to the file or folder's group
Other – The permissions granted to everyone besides the owner and group
The Read, Write, and Execute columns in the dialog box represent requested permissions, and may be different than the permissions that are actually in effect (which are shown in the Effective column). The requested permissions may not be in effect because of the mask (see Permissions Mask).
If you want to look at the permissions for another file or folder, select the object and choose Properties from the Selected menu. If you display the Properties dialog box by typing sdtfprop& on the command line, you can click Browse in the dialog box and select the file or folder name to view properties.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder whose permissions you want to modify.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The Permissions dialog box appears.
Click the check boxes to set the Owner, Group, and Other permissions.
The mask restricts the Group permissions, but does not affect Owner or Other permissions. The actual read, write, and execute permissions that Owner, Group, and Other receive appear in the Effective column.
Use the Apply Changes To option button to choose the scope of the changes.
For files, the options are This File Only (default), All Files in Parent Folder, and All Files in Parent Folder and its Subfolders. For folders, the options are This folder only (default) and This folder and its Subfolders.
Click OK on the Permissions dialog box to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the Permissions dialog box.
If you want to modify the permissions for another file or folder, select the object and choose Properties from the Selected menu. If you display the Properties dialog box by typing sdtfprop& on the command line, you can click Browse in the dialog box and select the file or folder name to modify properties.
See Permissions Mask for a discussion of the mask.
If you do not have permission to change the properties, some of the controls in the Permissions dialog box are unavailable.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder whose ownership you want to modify.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The Permissions dialog box appears.
To change the owner, type the new owner name into the Owner text field. To change the owning group, type the new group name into the Group text field.
You can specify a different owning group only if you are also a member of another group, even if you are not the file or folder owner.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the Permissions dialog box.
Open the Properties dialog box by typing sdtfprop& at the command line.
You can edit the File Name text field and click Browse to open the File Selection dialog box only if you open the Properties dialog box from the command line.
Click Browse or type the name of a file or folder in the File Name field.
Browse or edit the file or folder properties.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings and continue the browsing and editing process.
ACLs enable you to define file or folder permissions for the owner, owner's group, others, and specific users and groups, and default permissions for each of these categories. You can set up only one ACL per file or folder. An ACL consists of ACL entries. Each entry has a user type associated with it, much as basic permissions have Owner, Group, or Other associated with them.
If you want to grant file or folder access to a particular user or group, use the User or Group type ACL entry, respectively. You must specify the name of the user or group when you create the ACL entry. For example, you can use an ACL to grant a friend read permission on your resume, while protecting it from being read by the rest of the world (besides yourself).
To create, modify, or view ACLs on a file or folder, it must reside on a server or system running Solaris 2.5 Operating Environment or compatible versions, and you must be running Solaris 2.5 Operating Environment or compatible versions. Such files and folders are called ACL-enabled. To set, modify, and view basic permissions and ACLs using the Properties Graphical User Interface (GUI), you must be running CDE 1.1 or later.
You must be the owner of the file or folder to create or modify basic permissions or ACLs for that file or folder. If you are not the owner, all fields in the Properties dialog box are displayed as read-only.
ACL terminology in this section refers to terminology used in the Properties GUI. Command-line terminology may be slightly different.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder whose Access Control List (ACL) you want to view.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The Properties dialog box appears.
If the file or folder has an ACL, it appears in the scrolling list labeled Access Control List Permissions. If the file or folder has no ACL, the scrolling list is hidden.
The Requested column shows the permissions that the owner requests for each ACL entry. These permissions are restricted by the mask, and the actual ACL entry permissions appear in the Effective column. See Permissions Mask for a discussion of the mask.
To create, modify, or view ACLs on a file or folder, it must reside on a server or system running Solaris 2.5 Operating Environment or compatible systems, and you must be running Solaris 2.5 Operating Environment or compatible systems.
Adding the first Access Control List entry creates the Access Control List.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder whose ACL you want to modify.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The Permissions dialog box appears.
Click Show Access Control List if the ACL portion of the Permissions dialog box is not visible.
Click the Add button.
The Add Access List Entry dialog box appears.
Select an option from the Type option button.
Enter the name associated with the chosen Type, if it has one in the Name field.
Click the Permission check boxes to reflect the values you want for the new ACL entry.
The status line at the bottom of the dialog box informs you if the permissions you request are restricted by the mask.
Click Add in the Add Access List Entry dialog box.
Use the Apply Changes To option button to choose the scope of the change.
For files, the options are This File Only (default), All Files in Parent Folder, and All Files in Parent Folder and its Subfolders. For folders, the options are This folder only (default) and This folder and its Subfolders.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the dialog box.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder for which you want to change an ACL entry.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The Permissions dialog box appears.
Select the entry in the Access Control List Permissions scrolling list that you want to change.
Click Change.
The Change Access List Entry dialog box appears.
Click the Permission check boxes to reflect the values you want for the ACL entry.
The status line at the bottom of the dialog box informs you if the permissions you request are restricted by the mask.
Click the Change button in the Change Access List Entry dialog box.
Use the Apply Changes To option button to choose the scope of the change.
For files, the options are This File Only (default), All Files in Parent Folder, and All Files in Parent Folder and its Subfolders. For folders, the options are This folder only (default) and This folder and its Subfolders.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the dialog box.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder for which you want to delete an ACL entry.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The Permissions dialog box appears.
Select the entry in the Access Control List Permissions scrolling list that you want to delete.
Click the Delete button.
A dialog box appears asking you to confirm this deletion. If you delete any of the four required ACL default entries, all ACL default entries will be deleted. See Setting Default Permissions Through an Access Control List for a description of required and optional default ACL entries.
Removing all entries (except Mask) removes the entire Access Control List.
Use the Apply Changes To option button to choose the scope of the change.
For files, the options are This File Only (default), All Files in Parent Folder, and All Files in Parent Folder and its Subfolders. For folders, the options are This folder only (default) and This folder and its Subfolders.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the dialog box.
When you create a file or folder within a folder, it inherits the basic permissions set by the system administrator. (To determine the current defaults, create a new file or folder and then choose Properties from the Selected menu to view the permissions.)
You can use an Access Control List to set default basic permissions yourself for any file or folder that is created within a folder. The ACL for that folder must contain entries for all four of the following required Default entry types: Default Owning User, Default Owning Group, Default Other, and Default Mask. An ACL can contain only one entry of each required type.
The file or folder inherits the values for Owner, Group, and Other from the person who creates it and inherits the basic permissions from the required ACL Default entry types on the containing folder. ACL entries of these types do not have names associated with them.
You can also set optional Default entry types—Default User and Default Group— for any file or folder that is created within a folder. You can create as many Default User or Default Group ACL entries as you want. You must specify the name of the user or group when you create the ACL entry.
Any ACL in which you want to put a Default User or Default Group entry must also contain one of each required entry type.
Suppose that the values for Owner and Group for a user named Carla are otto and otto_staff, respectively. The value for Other (call it otto_other) is everyone at Carla's company except for Carla and the members of otto_staff. Carla creates these required Default ACLs on her folder named Project1:
Default Owning User with permissions rwx (read, write, execute)
Default Owning Group with permissions rx (read, execute)
Default Other with permissions no-read, no-write, no-execute
Default Mask with permissions rw (read, write)
Any file or folder subsequently placed in the Project1 folder inherits these basic permissions from Project1:
The file or folder Owner value is otto and otto has read, write, and execute permission on that file or folder
The file or folder Group value is otto_staff and otto_staff has read and execute permission on that file or folder
The file or folder Other value is otto_other and otto_other has no-read, no-write, and no-execute permission on that file or folder
Also, the file or folder has a Mask entry in the Access Control List Permissions scrolling list with the value rw (read, write).
If Carla also adds an optional ACL of type Default User (Default Group) for the Project1 folder, then any file or folder subsequently placed in Project1 will inherit an ACL of type User (Group).
In File Manager, select the icon of the folder for which you want to set the required ACL Default entry types.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
Click the Show Access Control List button if the folder has no ACL defined.
If the folder has an ACL defined, it will be visible when you open the Permissions dialog box.
Click Add and select an ACL entry of type Default Owning User, Default Owning Group, Default Other, or Default Mask.
A message appears reminding you that the other required ACL Default entries will also be added.
Click the Permission check boxes to set the permissions for the Default entry.
Click Add in the Add Access List Entry dialog box.
The other three required ACL Default entries are automatically created for you, with permissions set to no-read, no-write, no-execute.
(Optional) Change the permissions for the required ACL Default entries that were automatically created in Step 6 above.
Use the Apply Changes To option button to choose the scope of the changes.
The options are This folder only (default) and This folder and its Subfolders.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the dialog box.
In File Manager, select the icon of the folder for which you want to delete an ACL Default entry.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
Select required ACL Default entry and click Delete.
A message appears to remind you that once you delete one of the required default ACL entries, the other three are automatically deleted for you.
Click Delete in the confirmation dialog box.
Use the Apply Changes To option button to choose the scope of the change.
The options are This folder only (default) and This folder and its Subfolders.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the dialog box.
In File Manager, select the icon of the folder for which you want to set an optional ACL Default entry type.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
Click the Show Access Control List button if the folder has no ACL defined.
If the folder has an ACL defined, it will be visible when you open the Permissions dialog box.
Click Add and select an ACL entry of type Default User or Default Owning Group.
If the ACL does not contain the required default entries, they will also be created, with permissions set to no-read, no-write, no-execute.
Click the Permission check boxes to set the permissions for the Default entry.
Click Add in the Add Access List Entry dialog box.
Continue to add as many ACL entries of type Default User or Default Owning Group as you want.
Use the Apply Changes To option button to choose the scope of the changes.
The options are This folder only (default) and This folder and its Subfolders.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the dialog box.
ACL-enabled files and folders have a mask defined whose default permissions are the group permissions for the file or folder. The mask is the maximum allowable permissions granted to any user on all ACL entries and for Group basic permissions. It does not restrict Owner or Other basic permissions. For example, if a file's mask is read-only, then you cannot create an ACL with write or execute permission for a user without changing the mask value.
Use the mask as a quick way to limit permissions for users and groups.
In File Manager, select the icon of the file or folder whose mask you want to modify.
Choose Properties from the File Manager Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
The Permissions dialog box appears.
Click the Show Access Control List button if the folder has no ACL defined.
If the folder has an ACL defined, it will be visible when you open the Permissions dialog box.
Select the Mask entry in the Access Control List Permissions scrolling list.
The current mask permissions appear in the Effective column.
Click the Change button.
Click the Permission check boxes to reflect the values you want for the mask.
Click the Change button in the Change Access List Entry dialog box.
Use the Apply Changes To option button to choose the scope of the permissions changes.
For files, the options are This File Only (default), All Files in Parent Folder, and All Files in Parent Folder and its Subfolders. For folders, the options are This folder only (default) and This folder and its Subfolders.
Click OK to apply the current settings and dismiss the dialog box. Click Apply to apply the settings without dismissing the dialog box.
The desktop lets you put any file or folder icon directly on the backdrop of the current workspace for quick access. Any icon you drop on the desktop stays where you put it.
File Manager provides a way to view all the objects in your file system. However, the object is only visible when you are viewing the folder it is in.
To make an object more accessible, you can put it directly on the workspace backdrop. The desktop is that area or surface on which windows appear to lie. When an object is placed there, it is called a workspace object. There is a separate desktop for each workspace.
Placing an object on the workspace does not alter the original file or folder. In fact, the icon that appears on the workspace is really just a shortcut for accessing the real file or folder. Any operation you perform on the workspace object is actually performed on the file or folder it represents.
You can have several workspaces on your desktop, so you can set up your working environment by putting the files and folders in the workspaces where you use them most, or in more than one workspace if needed.
Each workspace object has its own pop-up menu, displayed with mouse button 3 or by pressing Shift+F10 when the icon is selected. This menu contains commands for manipulating the object, including all the actions that appear in the File Manager's Selected menu when the object is selected. The Workspace pop-up menu is similar to the pop-up menu available within File Manager windows, but contains a few different commands.
This procedure creates a copy of the icon on the workspace backdrop. Any changes you make to the copy on your workspace backdrop will also be made to the original that is still in File Manager.
Switch to the workspace where you want to display the object.
Then:
Drag and drop the object's icon onto the workspace.
Or, select the icon, then choose the Put in Workspace command from the Selected menu or from the icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
You can repeat these steps to put an icon on the desktop in as many workspaces as you want.
Point to the object's icon.
Press mouse button 3.
Choose a command from the menu by dragging to the command then releasing the mouse button.
Move the highlight to the object's icon using Alt+Tab.
Press Shift+F10.
Choose a command from the menu by using the direction keys to highlight the command, then press Return.
To cancel the menu without choosing a command, press Esc.
Switch to the workspace where the object resides.
Locate the object's icon on the desktop.
Choose Remove From Workspace from the object's pop-up menu.
Removing an object from the workspace does not alter the original object; that is, the object still exists in File Manager.
File Finder is an application that searches a folder and its subfolders and returns a list of files or folders that match your search criteria. Files and folders are sometimes generally called objects.
When specifying search criteria, you typically supply a file or folder name, or some text that you expect to find in the required file. You can also specify the size, owner, date modified, type, and permissions.
You can open File Finder from the Front Panel or from inside File Manager.
Click the Find File control on the Files subpanel of the Front Panel.
The Find File application opens with the default search path set to your home folder.
Or, choose Find on the File menu of the File Manager application.
The Find File application opens with the default search path set to the folder that was displayed in File Manager.
Open File Finder.
File Finder displays the Find dialog box.
Select the folder under which you expect to find the required files or folders using the following table as a guide to the menu items in the Find dialog.
Menu Item | Where File Finder Searches |
---|---|
My Home Directory | Your home directory (referred to as $HOME in this chapter), for example, /home/fredj |
Floppy | Contents of the diskette drive |
CD-ROM | Contents of the CD-ROM drive |
Local Storage | All folders on this workstation |
$PATH | All folders on the workstation's default path |
Other Host | Specify the hostname of a different workstation |
Other Folder | Specify another folder on this workstation |
Folders are arranged in a hierarchical structure (Basic File System Concepts) By default, the Find operation will search the folder you specify and all its subfolders.
If you want to search across symbolic links that originate on your search path, select the Follow Links check box.
If the actual location of a linked folder is at the top level of a large number of folders, the search might take a long time. Be aware of the locations to which folders are linked before starting search operations.
Select whether you will be searching for a file name containing, equalling, or not containing your search text by selecting the appropriate option in the Whose Name selector.
Type a full or partial name of the file or folder you want to find into text box on the same line as the Whose Name selector.
The following applies when you select “is equal to” from the and Name selector:
When you specify a file or folder name, you can include wildcard characters such as asterisk (*) and question mark (?). The * matches any string of characters (including no characters), and ? matches any single character. For example:
ba*-matches all names that begin with the string ba
ba?-matches all three-character names that begin with the string ba
*.dt-matches all names that end with the .dt suffix
*.???-matches all names that have a three-character suffix
The file name and contents can be specified using the same regular expression syntax allowed by the find
command. (Refer to the find
man page and grep
man page for more information.)
Click Find.
File Manager begins searching the specified folder and its subfolders for files that match the specified search criteria. Matches that are found are listed in the Items Found list. You can stop the search at any time by clicking the Stop button.
If too many objects are returned, you can specify more restrictive criteria and try again.
(Optional) If you want to go to an object in the list, select it and click Go To open File Manager displaying its folder, or click Put on Workspace to display an icon for it on the workspace.
Open File Finder.
Click More Criteria to display the More Criteria dialog box.
Select the Content checkbox and click OK.
The And Content line is added to the Find dialog.
Specify the search folder and any name constraints for the search on the Find Items In line and on the Whose Name line.
If you leave the File or Folder Name field empty, File Manager searches every file within the search folder.
Names can be specified using the same regular expression
syntax allowed by the grep command. (Refer to the grep
man page for more information.)
In the File Contents field, type the text string you want to find.
If you select “and content contains (any case), then case is ignored for this string (upper- and lowercase letters are equivalent). You do not have to use complete words. For example, if you type fi it will find both fish and File.
Click Find to commence the search.
File Manager begins searching the search folder and its subfolders for any file containing the search string. Matches that are found are listed in the Files Found list. Once you have found a file, you can select it in the list and then click Go To to open File Manager for its folder. You can stop the search at any time by clicking Stop.
If too many files are returned, specify more restrictive criteria.
The previous procedures explained how to search for a file or folder by specifying a name, and how to search for a file by specifying some of its contents. You can also specify the following object properties as search criteria:
Size - Specify a file size in characters. Append the character “c” to the size you specify to return a file size in characters (as displayed in File Manager). If this line is displayed and left blank, qualifying objects of all sizes will be returned.
Owner - Specify an exact UNIX user name for the object's owner. If this line is displayed and left blank, qualifying objects belonging to all users will be returned.
Date modified - Specify a date using the date specification format [[CC]YY]MMDD[hhmm][.SS]. Entries enclosed by square brackets are optional. If this line is displayed and left blank or left with the above prompt string, qualifying objects of all modification dates will be returned.
Type - Choose whether to return files or folders. If this line is displayed, qualifying objects of only the type selected will be returned. Otherwise, qualifying objects of both types will be returned.
Permissions - Select one of the options which relate to the ACL (Access Control List) If this line is displayed, qualifying objects of only the type selected will be returned. Otherwise, qualifying objects of all types will be returned (subject to other constraints).
By default, File Finder displays only the line for specifying name criteria. By clicking More Criteria, you can display lines for other criteria.
Open File Finder.
File Finder opens with the default display and settings.
Click More Criteria to display the More Criteria dialog box.
Select the check boxes for the criteria that you intend specifying in your search.
File Finder updates the Find dialog box to contain a line for specifying each of the selected criteria.
(Optional) Specify the folder to be searched, the name of the file or folder, and the contents of the required file using the instructions in To Find a File or Folder by Name and To Find a File by Contents.
Specify criteria relating to the properties of the file or folder on the lines provided.
Each line of constraints will be evaluated as described above. If you use more than one set of criteria, File Finder will return only objects that satisfy all of the search criteria.
When you are satisfied with the criteria you have entered, click Find.
File Finder searches the specified folders and subfolders, and returns a list of the files and folders that match all of the specified search criteria. You can stop the search at any time by clicking Stop.
If too many files are returned, you can specify more restrictive criteria and try again.
File Manager provides several ways to see the contents of folders. You can:
Change the basic viewing structure from one folder at a time to seeing a tree view see To Display the Tree View).
Determine the sort order of objects (see To Change the Order in Which Icons Are Sorted).
Hide (filter) certain objects (see To Show or Hide Files and Folders).
Change the style used for objects – names and small or large icons, names alone, or a long list of names plus properties.
Choose Set View Options from the View menu.
Determine which headers to display:
Select Iconic Path to show current folder path as a string of folder icons at the top of the window.
Select Text Path to show the current folder's full path name in a text field above the view pane.
Select Message Line to show a count of the number of files in the folder. The line will appear at the bottom of the window.
To implement the chosen option and close the Set View Options dialog box, click OK.
To implement the chosen option and leave the Set View Options dialog box open, click Apply.
Determine how you want to have the icons placed:
Select As Placed to leave icons where they are dropped.
Select Rows and Columns to automatically align the icons you drop into a grid.
To implement the chosen option and close the Set View Options dialog box, click OK. To implement the chosen option and leave the Set View Options dialog box open, click Apply.
The tree view resembles an outline. Files and folders contained in a folder are listed beneath that folder in an indented list
In the tree view, a folder can have three states. The states are shown and changed using the buttons to the left of the folder. You can also open and close the tree branches by selecting a folder and then pressing the + and - keys on your keyboard (these are the keys in the center, not the numeric keypad):
+()- The folder is in its closed state. None of the folder's contents are shown. Clicking the button expands the folder partially or fully, depending on the tree view option currently in effect.
-()- The folder is in its fully expanded state. All objects in the folder are shown. Clicking the button fully closes the folder.
+/-()- The folder is in its partially expanded state. The only contents shown are the folders it contains. (This view is possible only when viewing “Folders, then Files”.) Clicking the button expands the folder to show the file names.
You can alter the appearance of files and folders in the tree view by changing the settings in the Show box in the Set View Options dialog box. Changes to the preferences are only for the current session. To make them permanent, see To Save the Current Preferences as Your Default.
If you double-click a folder in tree view, a new view of that folder opens that is not in tree view mode.
The tree view shows a folder and the files and folders beneath it.
Change to the folder where you want the tree view to start.
Choose Set View Options from the View menu.
Select By Tree in the Show box.
Select one of the tree view options:
Folders only - The tree shows folders only. To view files, double-click a folder name. This is the default view.
Folders, then Files - Folders only appear at first. Click the [+] button next to each folder to view its contents. The first click shows subfolders. A second click shows files that are inside. When you click the button a third time, the folder contracts again.
Folders and Files - The tree shows both folders and files automatically.
To implement the chosen options and close the Set View Options dialog box, click OK. To implement the chosen options and leave the Set View Options dialog box open, click Apply.
The folder view will show a folder and all the files and folders in that folder.
Change to the folder that you want to view.
Choose Set View Options from the View menu.
Select By Single Folder in the Show box.
To implement the chosen options and close the Set View Options dialog box, click OK. To implement the chosen options and leave the Set View Options dialog box open, click Apply.
You can alter the appearance of files and folders in the folder view by changing the settings in the Show box in the Set View Options dialog box. Changes to the preferences are only for the current session. To make them permanent, see To Save the Current Preferences as Your Default.
Choose Set View Options from the View menu.
Select the representation you prefer from the Representation box.
By Name Only - Icons will not be displayed in File Manager. File Manager indicates objects that are folders by adding a slash (/) after their names. Executable programs have an asterisk (*) after their name.
By Large Icons - This is the default. The objects in File Manager will appear with their names and large icons.
By Small Icons - The objects in File Manager will appear with their names and small icons.
By Name, date, size, ... - The objects in File Manager will appear with date, size, and so on in addition to the file names and icons.
Choose Set View Options from the View menu.
Select the sort order you prefer from the Order box, and the direction from the Direction box.
Alphabetically - A to Z (Ascending) or Z to A (Descending). Icons with names that start with capital letters appear first. Icons with names that start with lowercase letters are at the bottom.
By File Type - By object type. For example, files, folders and actions are different types of objects. Within each group of the same type, the icons are sorted alphabetically (based on the order the data types are read into the database).
By Date - By date the files were last modified, oldest to newest (Ascending) or newest to oldest (Descending).
By Size - By file size, smallest to largest (Ascending) or largest to smallest (Descending).
If you have Placement set to As Placed, icons are sorted only when you choose Clean Up from the View menu or when you click Apply in the Set View Options dialog box. If Placement is set to Rows and Columns, the icons are sorted each time there's a change to the folder's contents, or when you choose Update from the View menu.
The Clean Up command sorts the objects in the current view (according to the settings in the Set View Options dialog box) and lines them up in a grid pattern. The settings in other File Manager windows are not affected.
Choose Clean Up from the View menu.
The Clean Up command is unavailable if you have the Placement preference set to Rows and Columns.
When you apply changes using the Set View Options and Set Filter Options dialog boxes, the changes only apply to the current session. If you want to save the preferences so they will be used the next time you open File Manager:
Set the preferences that you want and apply them (using Set View Options and Set Filter Options in the View menu).
Choose Save As Default Options from the View menu.
Click OK.
These changes to the default view will not take effect until the next time you click the File Manager control in the Front Panel.
After saving the current preferences, all new File Manager views you open use the new preferences and filter list.
Hidden files and folders are those whose file types are selected in the filter list.
The criterion for hiding or showing a file or folder is based on its data type. Use the Set Filter Options command to change which data types are shown and hidden. (See To Specify Which Data Types Are Hidden below.) The default hidden data types are DOT_FILE, DOT_FOLDER, and CURRENT_FOLDER.
Choose Show Hidden Objects from the View menu.
Choosing the command a second time again reverses the toggle (from shown to hidden and back again).
The criterion for hiding or showing a file or folder is based on its data type. Use the Set Filter Options command to change which data types are shown and hidden. (See To Specify Which Data Types Are Hidden below.) The default hidden data types are DOT_FILE, DOT_FOLDER, and CURRENT_FOLDER.
Choose Set Filter Options from the View menu.
Data types that have already been chosen to be hidden are highlighted.
In the Select File Types to be Hidden box, select the data types you want to be hidden. File types that are already being hidden are highlighted.
Or, to reset the default filter list (DOT_FILE, DOT_FOLDER, and CURRENT_FOLDER), click Defaults.
(Optional) Type a name pattern into the Also Hide (Optional) field specifying additional file and folder names to be hidden.
The filter list specifies which files are not to be displayed. If you select all object types or type * into the Filter String field, then no files are displayed. If you type *.txt, then any file whose name ends in .txt will be added to the filter list and not displayed.
Advanced users: The Filter String may be any regular expression. Refer to the regexp(5) man page for more information.
Click OK, or, if you want to view the results before closing the dialog box, click Apply.
To reset to the default filter list, choose Defaults. This resets the default values but does not apply them until you click Apply or OK.
Files with names that end in .pm or .bm contain icons. These are the files that File Manager uses to build icons. By default, you must open these files to see the icons they contain. If you enable icon browsing, File Manager displays the contents of .pm or .bm files so you don't have to open them to see what they look like.
Copy the file /usr/dt/examples/types/language/IconBrowse.dt into your /$HOME/.dt/types folder.
Open Application Manager and double-click Reload Actions in the Desktop_Controls application group.
Restart File Manager.
The maximum default display area for icons is 38x38 pixels. So, if a picture file is larger than 38x38, the picture will be clipped and only the top left 38x38 pixels will be shown. You can increase the size of the display area for icons if you want larger images to be fully visible (see To Change the Icon Display Area Size). However, a larger display size area will slow down the opening of folders, and icons will be spread further apart in folder views.
Open a Terminal window and type dtpad ~/.Xdefaults.
When the file is displayed, it may be empty or there may be text already in the file. In either case, add the following four lines of text to the file:
Dtfile*smallIconWidth:24
Dtfile*smallIconHeight:24
Dtfile*largeIconWidth:38
Dtfile*largeIconHeight:38
When you type in these lines, replace the default numbers at the end of each line with the new display area size you want.
Choose Save from the File menu.
Choose Close from the File menu.
The change will not take effect until you exit the desktop and log back in. If you should want to return to the default display area size, type the default sizes back in or just remove the four lines you added, and then exit and restart the desktop.
File Manager enables you to use removable media, such as diskettes and CD-ROMs, on the workspace. You can view the contents of your diskettes or CD-ROMs if you have a system with at least one diskette drive or one CD-ROM drive and you are running Solaris CDE 1.1 or later.
Removable media are mounted on your file system in removable media folders. File Manager enables you to view the contents of the removable media without having to know the location of these folders.
File Manager restricts the view of a diskette or CD-ROM window to the removable media folder and its subfolders. You cannot navigate out of the folder /floppy/diskette_name when you view the diskette labeled /diskette_name or navigate out of the folder /cdrom/cdrom_name when you view the CD-ROM labeled /cdrom_name.
The File Selection dialog box enables you to perform certain tasks, such as Open or Save As, on the files in file systems for all mounted CD-ROMs and diskettes, as well as for your home folder. You can choose your home folder or mounted CD-ROMs and diskettes through the menu button at the end of the Enter Path or Folder name text field.
When you drag a file or folder icon from a regular folder window, the default drag-and-drop behavior is:
A copy operation when you drop the icon onto a diskette window.
A move operation when you drop the icon onto a folder window.
A move operation when you drop the icon onto the Trash Can or to the Trash window.
When you drag a file or folder icon from a diskette window, the default drag-and-drop behavior is:
A copy operation when you drop the icon onto another diskette window.
A copy operation when you drop the icon onto a folder window.
A move operation when you drop the icon onto the Trash Can or to the Trash Can window.
When you drag a file or folder icon from a CD-ROM window, the default drag-and-drop behavior is:
A copy operation when you drop the icon onto a diskette window.
A copy operation when you drop the icon onto a folder window.
You cannot drag and drop files or folders onto a CD-ROM.
CDE reads and writes the following file-system formats:
DOS High Density (commonly used by PCs running Windows or DOS)
NEC-DOS Medium Density (sometimes used by older PCs)
UNIX (Solaris version, as written by CDE running on a SPARC-based workstation)
UNIX (IA version, as written by CDE running on an IA–based workstation)
CDE supports DOS High Density and NEC-DOS Medium Density formats whether running on SPARC or IA, but the following restrictions apply to the UNIX format:
A SPARC-based workstation cannot read or write diskettes formatted as "UNIX" on an IA system
An IA– based workstation cannot read or write diskettes formatted as "UNIX" on an SPARC system
If you need to use the same diskettes on SPARC-based and IA–based systems, use the DOS High Density format.
This section describes tasks that you can perform using diskettes and CD-ROMs with File Manager.
Insert the diskette into a disk drive.
Select Open Floppy from the Files subpanel on the Front Panel, or from the File Manager File menu.
If the diskette is formatted and readable by the system (see Supported Formats), File Manager displays a view of the diskette's contents. If the diskette is unformatted or is unreadable by the system, File Manager displays the Format Floppy dialog box.
If your system has more than one disk drive, File Manager opens one window for each readable diskette you insert when you choose Open Floppy from the File menu.
Insert the CD-ROM into a CD-ROM drive.
File Manager displays a window containing a view of the CD-ROM contents.
If you close the CD-ROM's File Manager window, you can reopen it by selecting Open CD-ROM from either the File Manager File menu or from the Folders Subpanel on the Front Panel.
Choose Format Floppy from the diskette's File Manager window File menu.
The Format Floppy dialog box appears.
Select one of the formatting options (see Supported Formats).
Click Format or press Return.
(Optional) To rename the diskette, type the new name in the Floppy Name text field and press Return.
Choose Rename Floppy from the diskette's File Manager window File menu.
The Rename Floppy dialog box appears.
Type the new name in the Floppy Name text field.
Click Rename or press Return.
Choose Eject from the File Manager window File menu.
Remove the diskette or CD-ROM from the disk drive.
Select the icon for the file or folder you want to copy.
Choose Copy to from the Selected menu.
The Copy Object dialog box appears.
Type a full path name in the Destination Folder text field.
Use /floppy as the directory name. For example, if you want to copy the file report onto a diskette named john, you would type /floppy/john.
Type the file or folder name in the Name for copy text field.
In the above example, you would type report.
Click OK or press Return.
You cannot copy files or folders to a CD-ROM.
Select the icon for the file or folder you want to move.
Choose Move to from the Selected menu.
The Move Object dialog box appears.
Type a full path name in the Destination Folder text field.
Use /floppy as the directory name. For example, if you want to move the file report onto a diskette named john, you would type /floppy/john.
Click OK or press Return.
You cannot move files or folders to a CD-ROM.
Choose the Put in Trash command from the file or folder icon's pop-up menu (displayed by pressing Shift+F10 or mouse button 3).
Or, select the file or folder's icon, then choose Put in Trash from the Selected menu.
Or, drag the file or folder's icon and drop it onto the Trash Can control in the Front Panel.
Or, drag the file or folder's icon to an open Trash Can window.
Choose New File or New Folder from the File menu.
Type a name in the New File Name field of the New File dialog box or New Folder Name field of the New Folder dialog box.
Click OK or press Return.
To close the New File or New Folder dialog box without creating a new file or folder, click Cancel or press Escape.
You cannot create files or folders on a CD-ROM.