patchadd(1M)
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | OPERANDS | KEYSTORE LOCATIONS | KEYSTORE AND CERTIFICATE FORMATS | EXAMPLES | EXIT STATUS | ATTRIBUTES | DIAGNOSTICS | SEE ALSO | NOTES
NAME
- patchadd– apply a patch package to a system running the Solaris operating environment
SYNOPSIS
-
patchadd [-dun] [-B backout_dir] [-k keystore] [-P passwd] [-x proxy] [target] source [dest]
patchadd -p [target]
DESCRIPTION
-
The first form of patchadd installs one or more patches to a system, client, service, or to the miniroot of a Net Install Image.
-
The second form of patchadd displays installed patches on the client, service, or to the miniroot of a Net Install Image.
patchadd applies a patch package to a system running the Solaris 2.x operating environment or later Solaris environments (such as Solaris 9) that are compatible with Solaris 2.x. This patch installation utility cannot be used to apply Solaris 1 patches. patchadd must be run as root.
The patchadd command has the following forms:
OPTIONS
- -B backout_dir
-
Saves backout data to a directory other than the package database. Specify backout_dir as an absolute path name.
- -d
-
Does not back up the files to be patched. The patch cannot be removed.
- -k keystore
-
Use keystore as the location to get trusted certificate authority certificates when verifying digital signatures found in each patch. If no keystore is specified, then the default keystore locations are searched for valid trusted certificates. See KEY STORE LOCATIONS in pkgadd(1M) for more information.
- -n
-
Tells patchadd to ignore the signature and not to validate it. This should be used only when the content of the patch is known and trusted, and is primarily included to allow patchadd to apply a patch on systems without the ability to verify the patch signature, such as Solaris 8.
- -p
-
In the second form, displays a list of the patches currently applied.
- -P passwd
-
Password to use to decrypt the keystore specified with -k, if required. See PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS in pkgadd(1M) for more information about the format of this option's argument.
- -u
-
Turns off file validation. Applies the patch even if some of the files to be patched have been modified since their original installation.
- -x proxy
-
Specify a HTTP[S] proxy to use when downloading packages The format of proxy is host:port, where host is the hostname of the HTTP[S] proxy, and port is the port number associated with the proxy. This switch overrides all other methods of specifying a proxy. See ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES in pkgadd(1M) for more information on alternate methods of specifying a default proxy.
The following options are supported:
OPERANDS
- patch
-
The absolute path name to patch_id or a URI pointing to a signed patch. /var/sadm/spool/patch/104945-02 is an example of a patch. https://syrinx.eng:8887/patches/104945-02 is an example of a URI pointing to a signed patch.
- -M patch_dir patch_id [patch_id...]
-
Specifies the patches to be installed by directory location or URL, and patch number.
To use the directory location or URL and the patch number, specify patch_dir as the absolute path name of the directory that contains spooled patches. Specify a URL as the server and path name that contains the spooled patches. Specify patch_id as the patch number of a given patch. Specifying multiple patch_id's is recommended. patch_id is the patch number of a given patch. 104945-02 is an example of a patch_id.
- -M patch_dir patch_list
-
Specifies the patches to be installed by directory location or URL and the name of a file containing a patch list.
To use the directory location or URL and a file containing a patch list, specify patch_dir as the absolute path name of the directory that contains spooled patches. Specify URL as the server and path name that contains the spooled patches. Specify patch_list as the name of the file containing the patches to be installed.
- -C net_install_image
-
Patches the files located on the miniroot on a Net Install Image created by setup_install_server. Specify net_install_image as the absolute path name to a Solaris 8 or compatible version boot directory. See EXAMPLES.
You should use the -C option only to install patches that are recommended for installation to the miniroot. Patches that are recommended for installation to the miniroot usually include install-related patches such as package commands, and Sun install and patch installation tools. If you apply too many patches to the miniroot it can grow too large to fit into memory during a net installation of Solaris. Use the -B option and the -C option together so the miniroot does not get too large. See -B, above.
- -R client_root_path
-
Locates all patch files generated by patchadd under the directory client_root_path. client_root_path is the directory that contains the bootable root of a client from the server's perspective. Specify client_root_path as the absolute path name to the beginning of the directory tree under which all patch files generated by patchadd are to be located. -R cannot be specified with the -S option. See NOTES.
- -S service
-
Specifies an alternate service (for example, Solaris_8). This service is part of the server and client model, and can only be used from the server's console. Servers can contain shared /usr file systems that are created by Host Manager. These service areas can then be made available to the clients they serve. -S cannot be specified with the -R option. See NOTES.
The following operands are supported:
Sources
patchadd must be supplied a source for retrieving the patch. The following sources and their syntax are acceptable:
Destinations
By default, patchadd applies a patch to the specified destination. If no destination is specified, then the current system (the one with its root filesystem mounted at /) is assumed to be the destination for the patch. You can also specify a destination in the following ways:
KEYSTORE LOCATIONS
See KEYSTORE LOCATIONS in pkgadd(1M) for details.
KEYSTORE AND CERTIFICATE FORMATS
See KEYSTORE AND CERTIFICATE FORMATS in pkgadd(1M) for details.
EXAMPLES
The examples in this section are all relative to the /usr/sbin directory.
Example 1 Installing a Patch to a Standalone Machine
The following example installs a patch to a standalone machine:
example# patchadd /var/spool/patch/104945-02 |
Example 2 Installing a Patch to a Client From the Server's Console
The following example installs a patch to a client from the server's console:
example# patchadd -R /export/root/client1 /var/spool/patch/104945-02 |
Example 3 Installing a Patch to a Service From the Server's Console
The following example installs a patch to a service from the server's console:
example# patchadd -S Solaris_8 /var/spool/patch/104945-02 |
Example 4 Installing Multiple Patches in a Single Invocation
The following example installs multiple patches in a single patchadd invocation:
example# patchadd -M /var/spool/patch 104945-02 104946-02 102345-02 |
Example 5 Installing Multiple Patches Specifying List of Patches to Install
The following example installs multiple patches specifying a file with the list of patches to install:
example# patchadd -M /var/spool/patch patchlist |
Example 6 Installing Multiple Patches to a Client and Saving the Backout Data
The following example installs multiple patches to a client and saves the backout data to a directory other than the default:
example# patchadd -M /var/spool/patch -R /export/root/client1 \
-B /export/backoutrepository 104945-02 104946-02 102345-02
|
Example 7 Installing a Patch to a Solaris 8 or Compatible Version Net Install Image
The following example installs a patch to a Solaris 8 or compatible version Net Install Image:
example# patchadd -C /export/Solaris_8/Tools/Boot \
/var/spool/patch/104945-02
|
Example 8 Displaying the Patches Installed on a Client
The following example displays the patches installed on a client:
example# patchadd -R /export/root/client1 -p |
Example 9 Installing a Digitally Signed Set of Patches
The following example installs multiple patches, some of which have been signed, using the supplied keystore, password, and HTTP proxy.
example# patchadd -k /etc/mycerts -p pass:abcd -x webcache.eng:8080 \ -M http://www.sun.com/solaris/patches/latest 101223-02 102323-02 |
EXIT STATUS
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|---|---|
| Availability | SUNWswmt, SUNWcsu |
|
Interface Stability |
Evolving |
DIAGNOSTICS
- Message
-
The prepatch script exited with return code retcode. patchadd is terminating.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
The prepatch script supplied with the patch exited with a return code other than 0. Run a script trace of the prepatch script and find out why the prepatch had a bad return code. Add the -x option to the first line of the prepatch script to fix the problem and run patchadd again.
- Message
-
The signature on patch patch_id was unable to be verified. patchadd is terminating.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
The digital signature on a patch was unable to be verified given the keystore in use and the signature on the patch. Check the keystore to make sure it has the requisite trust anchor(s) required to validate the signature on the package and that the package has not been tampered with.
- Message
-
The postpatch script exited with return code retcode. Backing out patch.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
The postpatch script provided with the patch exited with an error code other than 0. This script is mostly used to cleanup files (that is, when a package is known to have ownership or permission problems) attributes that do not correspond to the patch package's objects. After the user has noted all validation errors and taken the appropriate action for each one, the user should re-run patchadd using the -u (unconditional) option. This time, the patch installation will ignore validation errors and install the patch anyway.
- Message
-
Insufficient space in /var/sadm/patch to save old files. (For 2.4 systems and previous)
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
There is insufficient space in the /var/sadm/patch directory to save old files. The user has three options for handling this problem: Use the -B option while invoking patchadd. This option will direct patchadd to: save the backout data to the user specified file system, generate additional disk space by deleting unneeded files, or override the saving of the old files by using the -d (do not save) option when running patchadd.
If the user elects not to save the old versions of the files to be patched, patchrm cannot be used. One way to regain space on a system is to remove the save area for previously applied patches. Once the user has decided that it is unlikely that a patch will be backed out, the user can remove the files that were saved by patchadd. The following commands should be executed to remove the saved files for patchpatch_id:
After these commands have been executed, patch patch_id can no longer be backed out.
cd /var/sadm/patch/patch_id rm -r save/* rm .oldfilessaved
- Message
-
Insufficient space in /var/sadm/pkg/PKG/save to save old files. (For 2.5 systems and later)
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
There is insufficient space in the /var/sadm/pkg/PKG/save directory to save old files. The user has three options for handling this problem: (1) Use the -B option while invoking patchadd. This option will direct patchadd to save the backout data to the user specified file system. (See synopsis above.) (2) Generate additional disk space by deleting unneeded files, or (3) override the saving of the old files by using the -d (do not save) option when running patchadd. However, if the user elects not to save the old versions of the files to be patched, patchrm cannot be used. One way to regain space on a system is to remove the save area for previously applied patches. Once the user has decided that it is unlikely that a patch will be backed out, the user can remove the files that were saved by patchadd. The following commands should be executed to remove the saved files for patch patch_id:
After these commands have been executed, patch patch_id can no longer be backed out.
cd /var/sadm/pkg/pkgabbrev/save rm -r patch_id
- Message
-
Save of old files failed. (For 2.4 systems and previous)
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
Before applying the patch, the patch installation script uses cpio to save the old versions of the files to be patched. This error message means that the cpio failed. The output of the cpio would have been preceded this message. The user should take the appropriate action to correct the cpio failure. A common reason for failure will be insufficient disk space to save the old versions of the files. The user has two options for handling insufficient disk space: (1) generate additional disk space by deleting unneeded files, or (2) override the saving of the old files by using the -d option when running patchadd. However if the user elects not to save the old versions of the files to be patched, the patch cannot be backed out.
- Message
-
Pkgadd of pkgname package failed with error code code. See /tmp/log.patch_id for reason for failure.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
The installation of one of the patch packages failed. patchadd will backout the patch to leave the system in its pre-patched state. See the log file for the reason for failure. Correct the problem and reapply the patch.
- Message
-
Pkgadd of pkgname package failed with error code code. Will not backout patch...patch re-installation. Warning: The system may be in an unstable state! See /tmp/log.patch_id for reason for failure.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
The installation of one of the patch packages failed. patchadd will not backout the patch. You may manually backout the patch using patchrm, then re-apply the entire patch. Look in the log file for the reason pkgadd failed. Correct the problem and re-apply the patch.
- Message
-
patchadd is unable to find the INST_RELEASE file. This file must be present for patchadd to function correctly.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
The INST_RELEASE file is missing from the system. This file is created during either initial installation or during an update.
- Message
-
A previous installation of patch patch_id was invoked that saved files that were to be patched. Since files were saved, you must run this instance of patchadd without the -d option.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
If a patch was previously installed without using the -d option, then the re-installation attempt must also be invoked without the -d option. Execute patchadd without the -d option.
- Message
-
A previous installation of patch patch_id was invoked with the -d option. (i.e. Do not save files that would be patched) Therefore, this invocation of patchadd must also be run with the -d option.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
If a patch was previously installed using the -d option, then the re-installation attempt must also be invoked with the-d option. Execute patchadd with the -d' option.
- Message
-
Package not patched: PKG=SUNxxxx Original package not installed
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
One of the components of the patch would have patched a package that is not installed on your system. This is not necessarily an error. A patch may fix a related bug for several packages.
For example, suppose a patch fixes a bug in both the online-backup and fddi packages. If you had online-backup installed but didn't have fddi installed, you would get the message :
Package not patched: PKG=SUNWbf Original package not installed
This message only indicates an error if you thought the package was installed on your system. If this is the case, take the necessary action to install the package, backout the patch (if it installed other packages) and re-install the patch.
- Message
-
Package not patched: PKG=SUNxxx ARCH=xxxxxxx VERSION=xxxxxxx Architecture mismatch
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
One of the components of the patch would have patched a package for an architecture different from your system. This is not necessarily an error. Any patch to one of the architecture-specific packages might contain one element for each of the possible architectures. For example, assume you are running on a sun4u. If you were to install a patch to package SUNWcar, you would see the following (or similar) messages:
These messages indicate an error condition only if patchadd does not correctly recognize your architecture.
Package not patched: PKG=SUNWcar ARCH=sparc.sun4c VERSION=11.5.0,REV=2.0.18 Architecture mismatch Package not patched: PKG=SUNWcar ARCH=sparc.sun4u VERSION=11.5.0,REV=2.0.18 Architecture mismatch Package not patched: PKG=SUNWcar ARCH=sparc.sun4e VERSION=11.5.0,REV=2.0.18 Package not patched: PKG=SUNWcar ARCH=sparc.sun4 VERSION=11.5.0,REV=2.0.18 Architecture mismatch
- Message
-
Package not patched: PKG=SUNxxxx ARCH=xxxx VERSION=xxxxxxx Version mismatch
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
The version of software to which the patch is applied is not installed on your system. For example, if you were running Solaris 8, and you tried to install a patch against Solaris 9, you would see the following (or similar) message:
This message does not necessarily indicate an error. If the version mismatch was for a package you needed patched, either get the correct patch version or install the correct package version. Then backout the patch (if necessary) and re-apply.
Package not patched: PKG=SUNWcsu ARCH=sparc VERSION=10.0.2 Version mismatch
- Message
-
Re-installing Patch.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
The patch has already been applied, but there is at least one package in the patch that could be added. For example, if you applied a patch that had both Openwindows and Answerbook components, but your system did not have Answerbook installed, the Answerbook parts of the patch would not have been applied. If, at a later time, you pkgadd Answerbook, you could re-apply the patch, and the Answerbook components of the patch would be applied to the system.
- Message
-
patchadd Interrupted. patchadd is terminating.
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
patchadd was interrupted during execution (usually through pressing CTRL-c). patchadd will clean up its working files and exit.
- Message
-
patchadd Interrupted. Backing out Patch...
- Explanation and Recommended Action
-
patchadd was interrupted during execution (usually through pressing CTRL-c). patchadd will clean up its working files, backout the patch, and exit.
The following messages might help in determining some of the most common problems associated with installing a patch.
Patch Installation errors
Diagnostic Reference
The patch installation messages listed below are not necessarily considered errors, as indicated in the explanations given. These messages are, however, recorded in the patch installation log for diagnostic reference.
SEE ALSO
cpio(1), pkginfo(1), patchrm(1M), pkgadd(1M), pkgadm(1M), pkgchk(1M), pkgrm(1M), smpatch(1M), showrev(1M), attributes(5)
NOTES
- Solaris 2.5.1 Sparc Platform Edition:
-
104578
- Solaris 2.5.1 Intel Platform Edition:
-
104579
- Solaris 2.6 Sparc Platform Edition:
-
106292
- Solaris 2.6 Intel Platform Edition:
-
106293
To successfully install a patch to a client or server, patchadd must be issued twice, once with the -R option and once with the -S option. This guarantees that the patch is installed to both the /usr and root partitions. This is necessary if there are both /usr and root packages in the patch.
pkgadd is invoked by patchadd and executes the installation scripts in the pkg/install directory. The checkinstall script is executed with its ownership set to user install, if there is no user install then pkgadd executes the checkinstall script as nobody. The SVR4 ABI states that the checkinstall shall only be used as an information gathering script. If the permissions for the checkinstall script are changed to something other than the initial settings, pkgadd may not be able to open the file for reading, thus causing the patch installation to abort with the following error:
pkgadd: ERROR: checkinstall script did not complete successfully. |
The permission for the checkinstall script should not be changed. Contents of log file for a successfull installation: patchadd redirects pkgadd's output to the patch installation log file. For a successfull installation, pkgadd will produce the following message that gets inserted into the log file:
This appears to be an attempt to install the same architecture and version of a package which is already installed. This installation will attempt to overwrite this package. This message does not indicate a failure, it represents the correct behavior by pkgadd when a patch installs correctly. |
On client server machines the patch package is not applied to existing clients or to the client root template space. Therefore, when appropriate, all client machines will need the patch applied directly using this same patchadd method on the client. See instructions above for applying patches to a client. A bug affecting a package utility (for example, pkgadd, pkgrm, pkgchk) could affect the reliability of patchadd or patchrm, which use package utilities to install and backout the patch package. It is recommended that any patch that fixes package utility problems be reviewed and, if necessary, applied before other patches are applied. Existing patches are:
NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | OPERANDS | KEYSTORE LOCATIONS | KEYSTORE AND CERTIFICATE FORMATS | EXAMPLES | EXIT STATUS | ATTRIBUTES | DIAGNOSTICS | SEE ALSO | NOTES
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