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System Administration Guide: Network Services Oracle Solaris 11 Express 11/10 |
Part I Network Services Topics
Part II Accessing Network File Systems Topics
4. Managing Network File Systems (Overview)
5. Network File System Administration (Tasks)
How to Mount a File System at Boot Time
How to Mount a File System From the Command Line
How to Mount All File Systems from a Server
How to Disable Large Files on an NFS Server
How to Use Client-Side Failover
How to Disable Mount Access for One Client
How to Mount an NFS File System Through a Firewall
How to Mount an NFS File System Using an NFS URL
How to Select Different Versions of NFS on a Server
How to Select Different Versions of NFS on a Client
How to Use the mount Command to Select Different Versions of NFS on a Client
Administering the Secure NFS System
How to Set Up a Secure NFS Environment With DH Authentication
How to Browse Using an NFS URL
How to Enable WebNFS Access Through a Firewall
Task Overview for Autofs Administration
Task Map for Autofs Administration
Using SMF Parameters to Configure Your Autofs Environment
How to Configure Your Autofs Environment Using SMF Parameters
Administrative Tasks Involving Maps
Avoiding Mount-Point Conflicts
Accessing Non-NFS File Systems
How to Access CD-ROM Applications With Autofs
How to Access PC-DOS Data Diskettes With Autofs
Accessing NFS File Systems Using CacheFS
How to Access NFS File Systems by Using CacheFS
Setting Up a Common View of /home
How to Set Up /home With Multiple Home Directory File Systems
How to Consolidate Project-Related Files Under /ws
How to Set Up Different Architectures to Access a Shared Namespace
How to Support Incompatible Client Operating System Versions
How to Replicate Shared Files Across Several Servers
How to Apply Autofs Security Restrictions
How to Use a Public File Handle With Autofs
How to Use NFS URLs With Autofs
How to Completely Disable Autofs Browsability on a Single NFS Client
How to Disable Autofs Browsability for All Clients
How to Disable Autofs Browsability on a Selected File System
How to Create and Access an NFS Referral
Strategies for NFS Troubleshooting
NFS Troubleshooting Procedures
How to Check Connectivity on an NFS Client
How to Check the NFS Server Remotely
How to Verify the NFS Service on the Server
Identifying Which Host Is Providing NFS File Service
How to Verify Options Used With the mount Command
Error Messages Generated by automount -v
6. Accessing Network File Systems (Reference)
8. Planning and Enabling SLP (Tasks)
10. Incorporating Legacy Services
Part V Serial Networking Topics
15. Solaris PPP 4.0 (Overview)
16. Planning for the PPP Link (Tasks)
17. Setting Up a Dial-up PPP Link (Tasks)
18. Setting Up a Leased-Line PPP Link (Tasks)
19. Setting Up PPP Authentication (Tasks)
20. Setting Up a PPPoE Tunnel (Tasks)
21. Fixing Common PPP Problems (Tasks)
22. Solaris PPP 4.0 (Reference)
23. Migrating From Asynchronous Solaris PPP to Solaris PPP 4.0 (Tasks)
25. Administering UUCP (Tasks)
Part VI Working With Remote Systems Topics
27. Working With Remote Systems (Overview)
28. Administering the FTP Server (Tasks)
29. Accessing Remote Systems (Tasks)
Part VII Monitoring Network Services Topics
Servers provide access to their file systems by sharing the file systems over the NFS environment. Note the following:
Previously, you would specify which file systems are to be shared with the share command or with the /etc/dfs/dfstab file.
Entries in the /etc/dfs/dfstab file are shared automatically whenever you start NFS server operation. You should set up automatic sharing if you need to share the same set of file systems on a regular basis. For example, if your computer is a server that supports home directories, you need to make the home directories available at all times. Most file system sharing should be done automatically. The only time that manual sharing should occur is during testing or troubleshooting.
The dfstab file lists all the file systems that your server shares with its clients. This file also controls which clients can mount a file system. You can modify dfstab to add or delete a file system or change the way sharing occurs. Just edit the file with any text editor that is supported (such as vi). The next time that the computer enters run level 3, the system reads the updated dfstab to determine which file systems should be shared automatically.
Each line in the dfstab file consists of a share command, the same command that you type at the command-line prompt to share the file system. The share command is located in /usr/sbin.
You can use the sharemgr and sharectl utilities to manage file systems and file-sharing protocols. For more information, see the following:
sharemgr(1M) man page and sharemgr Command
sharectl(1M) man page and sharectl Command
Note - When you use sharemgr, you do not need to use the share, shareall, and unshare commands. Also, you do not need to edit the /etc/dfs/dfstab file.
Table 5-1 File-System Sharing Task Map
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You can do the following to set up automatic file-system sharing:
Use the sharemgr utility to share file systems, set property values for the shared file systems, and perform related tasks. For information about sharemgr, including descriptions of subcommands and properties, see the sharemgr(1M) man page and sharemgr Command.
Use the sharectl utility to configure file-sharing protocols, such as NFS. See the sharectl(1M) man page and sharectl Command.
Note - When you use sharemgr, you do not need to use the share, shareall, and unshare commands. Also, you do not need to edit the /etc/dfs/dfstab file.
The following procedure uses the sharemgr utility. If you prefer to use the share and shareall utilities, see the example that follows this procedure. Note that whether you use sharemgr or share and shareall, you must set up your autofs maps so that clients can access the file systems that you have shared on the server.
For more information, see How to Obtain Administrative Rights in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
# sharemgr create [-P protocol] [-p property=value] share-group
# sharemgr add-share -s share-path [-t] [-d description] [-r resource-name] share-group
# sharemgr set [-P protocol] [-S security-mode] [-p property=value] share-group
Note - You do not need to repeat this command-line syntax for each additional property value. You can use the -p option multiple times to define multiple properties on the same command line.
# sharemgr show [-v] [-p] [-x] [share-group...]
Example 5-1 How to Use the share and shareall Commands to Set Up Automatic File-System Sharing
Become an administrator.
For more information, see How to Obtain Administrative Rights in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
Add entries for each file system to be shared.
Edit /etc/dfs/dfstab. Add one entry to the file for every file system that you want to be automatically shared. Each entry must be on a line by itself in the file and use this syntax:
share [-F nfs] [-o specific-options] [-d description] pathname
See the dfstab(4) man page for a description of /etc/dfs/dfstab and the share_nfs(1M) man page for a complete list of options.
Share the file system.
After the entry is in /etc/dfs/dfstab, you can share the file system by either rebooting the system or by using the shareall command.
# shareall
Verify that the information is correct.
Run the share command to check that the correct options are listed:
# share - /export/share/man ro "" - /usr/src rw=eng "" - /export/ftp ro,public ""
Whether you use sharemgr or share and shareall, the next step is to set up your autofs maps so that clients can access the file systems that you have shared on the server. See Task Overview for Autofs Administration.
Note the following:
By default all file systems that are available for NFS mounting are automatically available for WebNFS access. The only condition that requires the use of this procedure is one of the following:
To allow NFS mounting on a server that does not currently allow NFS mounting
To reset the public file handle to shorten NFS URLs by using the public option with the share command
To force a specific HTML file to be loaded by using the index option with the share command
You can also do the following:
Use the sharemgr utility to share file systems, set property values for the shared file systems, and perform related tasks. For information about sharemgr, including descriptions of subcommands and properties, see the sharemgr(1M) man page and sharemgr Command.
Use the sharectl utility to configure file-sharing protocols, such as NFS. See the sharectl(1M) man page and sharectl Command.
Note - When you use sharemgr, you do not need to use the share, shareall, and unshare commands. Also, you do not need to edit the /etc/dfs/dfstab file.
See Planning for WebNFS Access for a list of issues to consider before starting the WebNFS service.
The following procedure uses the sharemgr utility. If you prefer to use the share and shareall utilities, see the example that follows this procedure.
For more information, see How to Obtain Administrative Rights in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
# sharemgr create [-P protocol] [-p property=value] share-group
For example:
To create a share group that forces a specific HTML file to be loaded, you can use the index property:
# sharemgr create [-P protocol] -p index=[file-path.html] share-group
To create a share group that moves the location of the public file handle from root (/) to an exported directory for WebNFS-enabled browsers and clients, you can use the following:
# sharemgr set -P nfs -p public=true -s share-path share-group
Note that the public property moves the location of a public file handle from root (/) to an exported directory for WebNFS-enabled browsers and clients. However, only one file system (or share) on each server can use this property. Because a share-group can consist of more than one file system, this property is not accepted by a share group. For more information, see the share_nfs(1M) man page.
# sharemgr add-share -s share-path [-t] [-d description] [-r resource-name] share-group
# sharemgr set [-P protocol] [-S security-mode] [-p property=value] share-group
Note - You do not need to repeat this command-line syntax for each additional property value. You can use the -p option multiple times to define multiple properties on the same command line.
# sharemgr show [-v] [-p] [-x] [share-group...]
Example 5-2 How to Use the share and shareall Commands to Enable WebNFS Access
Become an administrator.
For more information, see How to Obtain Administrative Rights in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
Add entries for each file system to be shared by using the WebNFS service.
Edit /etc/dfs/dfstab. Add one entry to the file for every file system. The public and index tags that are shown in the following example are optional.
share -F nfs -o ro,public,index=index.html /export/ftp
See the dfstab(4) man page for a description of /etc/dfs/dfstab and the share_nfs(1M) man page for a complete list of options.
Share the file system.
After the entry is in /etc/dfs/dfstab, you can share the file system by either rebooting the system or by using the shareall command.
# shareall
Verify that the information is correct.
Run the share command to check that the correct options are listed:
# share - /export/share/man ro "" - /usr/src rw=eng "" - /export/ftp ro,public,index=index.html ""
You can do the following:
Use the sharemgr utility to share file systems, set property values for the shared file systems, and perform related tasks. For information about sharemgr, including descriptions of subcommands and properties, see the sharemgr(1M) man page and sharemgr Command.
Use the sharectl utility to configure file-sharing protocols, such as NFS. See the sharectl(1M) man page and sharectl Command.
Note - When you use sharemgr, you do not need to use the share, shareall, and unshare commands. Also, you do not need to edit the /etc/dfs/dfstab file.
The following procedure uses the sharemgr utility. If you prefer to use the share and shareall utilities, see the example that follows this procedure.
For more information, see How to Obtain Administrative Rights in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
In /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf, you can change the settings in one of two ways. You can edit the default settings for all file systems by changing the data that is associated with the global tag. Alternately, you can add a new tag for this file system. If these changes are not needed, you do not need to change this file. The format of /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf is described in the nfslog.conf(4) man page.
# sharemgr create [-P protocol] [-p property=value] share-group
For example:
# sharemgr create -p log=global my-group
This example uses the default settings associated with the global tag. Note that the tag assigned to the log property must also exist in the /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf file.
# sharemgr add-share -s share-path [-t] [-d description] [-r resource-name] share-group
# sharemgr set [-P protocol] [-S security-mode] [-p property=value] share-group
For example:
# sharemgr set -p ro=true my-group
In this example the permissions for my-group are set to read-only.
Note - You do not need to repeat this command-line syntax for each additional property value. You can use the -p option multiple times to define multiple properties on the same command line.
# sharemgr show [-v] [-p] [-x] [share-group...]
# ps -ef | grep nfslogd
# svcadm restart network/nfs/server:default
Example 5-3 How to Use the share and shareall Commands to Enable NFS Server Logging
Become an administrator.
For more information, see How to Obtain Administrative Rights in System Administration Guide: Security Services.
(Optional) Change file system configuration settings.
In /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf, you can change the settings in one of two ways. You can edit the default settings for all file systems by changing the data that is associated with the global tag. Alternately, you can add a new tag for this file system. If these changes are not needed, you do not need to change this file. The format of /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf is described in nfslog.conf(4).
Add entries for each file system to be shared by using NFS server logging.
Edit /etc/dfs/dfstab. Add one entry to the file for the file system on which you are enabling NFS server logging. The tag that is used with the log=tag option must be entered in /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf. This example uses the default settings in the global tag.
share -F nfs -o ro,log=global /export/ftp
See the dfstab(4) man page for a description of /etc/dfs/dfstab and the share_nfs(1M) man page for a complete list of options.
Share the file system.
After the entry is in /etc/dfs/dfstab, you can share the file system by either rebooting the system or by using the shareall command.
# shareall
Verify that the information is correct.
Run the share command to check that the correct options are listed:
# share - /export/share/man ro "" - /usr/src rw=eng "" - /export/ftp ro,log=global ""
Check if nfslogd, the NFS log daemon, is running.
# ps -ef | grep nfslogd
(Optional) Start nfslogd, if it is not running already.
(Optional) If /etc/nfs/nfslogtab is present, start the NFS log daemon by typing the following:
# svcadm restart network/nfs/server:default
(Optional) If /etc/nfs/nfslogtab is not present, run any of the share commands to create the file and then start the daemon.
# shareall # svcadm restart network/nfs/server:default