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System Administration Guide: IP Services Oracle Solaris 10 8/11 Information Library |
Part I Introducing System Administration: IP Services
1. Oracle Solaris TCP/IP Protocol Suite (Overview)
2. Planning Your TCP/IP Network (Tasks)
3. Introducing IPv6 (Overview)
4. Planning an IPv6 Network (Tasks)
5. Configuring TCP/IP Network Services and IPv4 Addressing (Tasks)
6. Administering Network Interfaces (Tasks)
7. Configuring an IPv6 Network (Tasks)
8. Administering a TCP/IP Network (Tasks)
9. Troubleshooting Network Problems (Tasks)
10. TCP/IP and IPv4 in Depth (Reference)
13. Planning for DHCP Service (Tasks)
14. Configuring the DHCP Service (Tasks)
15. Administering DHCP (Tasks)
16. Configuring and Administering the DHCP Client
17. Troubleshooting DHCP (Reference)
18. DHCP Commands and Files (Reference)
19. IP Security Architecture (Overview)
21. IP Security Architecture (Reference)
22. Internet Key Exchange (Overview)
24. Internet Key Exchange (Reference)
25. IP Filter in Oracle Solaris (Overview)
28. Administering Mobile IP (Tasks)
29. Mobile IP Files and Commands (Reference)
Overview of the Solaris Mobile IP Implementation
Configuring the Mobility IP Agent
Mobile IP Mobility Agent Status
netstat Extensions for Mobile IP
snoop Extensions for Mobile IP
30. Introducing IPMP (Overview)
31. Administering IPMP (Tasks)
Part VII IP Quality of Service (IPQoS)
32. Introducing IPQoS (Overview)
33. Planning for an IPQoS-Enabled Network (Tasks)
34. Creating the IPQoS Configuration File (Tasks)
35. Starting and Maintaining IPQoS (Tasks)
36. Using Flow Accounting and Statistics Gathering (Tasks)
The mipagent command reads configuration information from the /etc/inet/mipagent.conf configuration file at startup. Mobile IP uses the /etc/inet/mipagent.conf configuration file to initialize the Mobile IP mobility agent. When configured and deployed, the mobility agent issues periodic router advertisements and responds to router discovery solicitation messages as well as Mobile IP registration messages.
See the mipagent.conf(4) man page for a description of file attributes. See the mipagent(1M) man page for a description of this file's usage.
The Mobile IP configuration file consists of sections. Each section has a unique name and is enclosed in square brackets. Each section contains one or more labels. You assign values to the labels by using the following format:
[Section_name] Label-name = value-assigned
Configuration File Sections and Labels describes the section names, labels, and possible values.
The default Solaris installation provides the following sample configuration files in the /etc/inet directory:
mipagent.conf-sample – Contains a sample configuration for a Mobile IP agent that provides both foreign agent and home agent functionality
mipagent.conf.fa-sample – Contains a sample configuration for a Mobile IP agent that provides only foreign agent functionality
mipagent.conf.ha-sample – Contains a sample configuration for a Mobile IP agent that provides only home agent functionality
These sample configuration files contain mobile node address and security settings. Before you can implement Mobile IP, you must create a configuration file with the name mipagent.conf and place it in the /etc/inet directory. This file contains the configuration settings that satisfy your Mobile IP implementation requirements. You can also choose one of the sample configuration files, modify it with your addresses and security settings, and copy it to /etc/inet/mipagent.conf.
For more information, see How to Create the Mobile IP Configuration File.
The following listing shows the sections, labels, and values that are contained in the mipagent.conf-sample file. Configuration File Sections and Labels describes the syntax, sections, labels, and values.
[General] Version = 1.0 # version number for the configuration file. (required) [Advertisements hme0] HomeAgent = yes ForeignAgent = yes PrefixFlags = yes AdvertiseOnBcast = yes RegLifetime = 200 AdvLifetime = 200 AdvFrequency = 5 ReverseTunnel = no ReverseTunnelRequired = no [GlobalSecurityParameters] MaxClockSkew = 300 HA-FAauth = yes MN-FAauth = yes Challenge = no KeyDistribution = files [Pool 1] BaseAddress = 10.68.30.7 Size = 4 [SPI 257] ReplayMethod = none Key = 11111111111111111111111111111111 [SPI 258] ReplayMethod = none Key = 15111111111111111111111111111111 [Address 10.1.1.1] Type = node SPI = 258 [Address mobilenode@sun.com] Type = node SPI = 257 Pool = 1 [Address Node-Default] Type = node SPI = 258 Pool = 1 [Address 10.68.30.36] Type = agent SPI = 257
The following listing shows the sections, labels, and values that are contained in the mipagent.conf.fa-sample file. Configuration File Sections and Labels describes the syntax, sections, labels, and values.
The mipagent.conf.fa-sample file shows a configuration that provides only foreign agent functionality. This sample file does not contain a Pool section because pools are used only by a home agent. Otherwise, this file is the same as the mipagent.conf-sample file.
[General] Version = 1.0 # version number for the configuration file. (required) [Advertisements hme0] HomeAgent = no ForeignAgent = yes PrefixFlags = yes AdvertiseOnBcast = yes RegLifetime = 200 AdvLifetime = 200 AdvFrequency = 5 ReverseTunnel = yes ReverseTunnelRequired = no [GlobalSecurityParameters] MaxClockSkew = 300 HA-FAauth = yes MN-FAauth = yes Challenge = no KeyDistribution = files [SPI 257] ReplayMethod = none Key = 11111111111111111111111111111111 [SPI 258] ReplayMethod = none Key = 15111111111111111111111111111111 [Address 10.1.1.1] Type = node SPI = 258 [Address 10.68.30.36] Type = agent SPI = 257
The following listing shows the sections, labels, and values that are contained in the mipagent.conf.ha-sample file. Configuration File Sections and Labels describes the syntax, sections, labels, and values.
The mipagent.conf.ha-sample file shows a configuration that provides only home agent functionality. Otherwise, this file is the same as the mipagent.conf-sample file.
[General] Version = 1.0 # version number for the configuration file. (required) [Advertisements hme0] HomeAgent = yes ForeignAgent = no PrefixFlags = yes AdvertiseOnBcast = yes RegLifetime = 200 AdvLifetime = 200 AdvFrequency = 5 ReverseTunnel = yes ReverseTunnelRequired = no [GlobalSecurityParameters] MaxClockSkew = 300 HA-FAauth = yes MN-FAauth = yes Challenge = no KeyDistribution = files [Pool 1] BaseAddress = 10.68.30.7 Size = 4 [SPI 257] ReplayMethod = none Key = 11111111111111111111111111111111 [SPI 258] ReplayMethod = none Key = 15111111111111111111111111111111 [Address 10.1.1.1] Type = node SPI = 258 [Address mobilenode@sun.com] Type = node SPI = 257 Pool = 1 [Address Node-Default] Type = node SPI = 258 Pool = 1
The Mobile IP configuration file contains the following sections:
General (Required)
Advertisements (Required)
GlobalSecurityParameters (Optional)
Pool (Optional)
SPI (Optional)
Address (Optional)
The General and GlobalSecurityParameters sections contain information relevant to the operation of the Mobile IP agent. These sections can appear only once in the configuration file.
The General section contains only one label: the version number of the configuration file. The General section has the following syntax:
[General] Version = 1.0
The Advertisements section contains the HomeAgent and ForeignAgent labels, as well as other labels. You must include a different Advertisements section for each interface on the local host that provides Mobile IP services. The Advertisements section has the following syntax:
[Advertisements interface] HomeAgent = <yes/no> ForeignAgent = <yes/no> . .
Typically, your system has a single interface, such as eri0 or hme0, and supports both home agent and foreign agent operations. If this situation exists for the example hme0, then the yes value is assigned to both the HomeAgent and ForeignAgent labels as follows:
[Advertisements hme0] HomeAgent = yes ForeignAgent = yes . .
For advertisement over dynamic interfaces, use '*' for the device ID part. For example, Interface-name ppp* actually implies all PPP interfaces that are configured after the mipagent daemon has been started. All the attributes in the advertisement section of a dynamic interface type remain the same.
The following table describes the labels and values that you can use in the Advertisements section.
Table 29-1 Advertisements Section Labels and Values
The GlobalSecurityParameters section contains the labels maxClockSkew, HA-FAauth, MN-FAauth, Challenge, and KeyDistribution. This section has the following syntax:
[GlobalSecurityParameters] MaxClockSkew = n HA-FAauth = <yes/no> MN-FAauth = <yes/no> Challenge = <yes/no> KeyDistribution = files
The Mobile IP protocol provides message replay protection by allowing timestamps to be present in the messages. If the clocks differ, the home agent returns an error to the mobile node with the current time and the mobile node can register again by using the current time. You use the MaxClockSkew label to configure the maximum number of seconds that differ between the home agent and the mobile node's clocks. The default value is 300 seconds.
The HA-FAauth and MN-FAauth labels enable or disable the requirement for home-foreign and mobile-foreign authentication, respectively. The default value is disabled. You use the challenge label so that the foreign agent issues challenges to the mobile node in its advertisements. The label is used for replay protection. The default value is disabled here, also.
The following table describes the labels and values that you can use in the GlobalSecurityParameters section.
Table 29-2 GlobalSecurityParameters Section Labels and Values
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Mobile nodes can be assigned dynamic addresses by the home agent. Dynamic address assignment is done within the mipagent daemon independently of DHCP. You can create an address pool that can be used by mobile nodes by requesting a home address. Address pools are configured through the Pool section in the configuration file.
The Pool section contains the BaseAddress and Size labels. The Pool section has the following syntax:
[Pool pool-identifier] BaseAddress = IP-address Size = size
You use the Pool section to define address pools that can be assigned to the mobile nodes. You use the BaseAddress label to set the first IP address in the pool. You use the Size label to specify the number of addresses available in the pool.
For example, if IP addresses 192.168.1.1 through 192.168.1.100 are reserved in pool 10, the Pool section has the following entry:
[Pool 10] BaseAddress = 192.168.1.1 Size = 100
Note - Address ranges should not encompass the broadcast address. For example, you should not assign BaseAddress = 192.168.1.200 and Size = 60, because this range encompasses the broadcast address 192.168.1.255.
The following table describes the labels and values that are used in the Pool section.
Table 29-3 Pool Section Labels and Values
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Because the Mobile IP protocol requires message authentication, you must identify the security context by using a security parameter index (SPI). You define the security context in the SPI section. You must include a different SPI section for each security context that is defined. A numerical ID identifies the security context. The Mobile IP protocol reserves the first 256 SPIs. Therefore, you should use only SPI values greater than 256. The SPI section contains security-related information, such as shared secrets and replay protection.
The SPI section also contains the ReplayMethod and Key labels. The SPI section has the following syntax:
[SPI SPI-identifier] ReplayMethod = <none/timestamps> Key = key
Two communicating peers must share the same SPI identifier. You must configure them with the same key and replay method. You specify the key as a string of hexadecimal digits. The maximum length is 16 bytes. For example, if the key is 16 bytes long, and contains the hexadecimal values 0 through f, the key string might resemble the following:
Key = 0102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f10
Keys must have an even number of digits, corresponding to the two digits per byte representation.
The following table describes the labels and values that you can use in the SPI section.
Table 29-4 SPI Section Labels and Values
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The Solaris implementation of Mobile IP enables you to configure mobile nodes using one of three methods. Each method is configured in the Address section. The first method follows the traditional Mobile IP protocol, and requires that each mobile node have a home address. The second method enables a mobile node to be identified through its Network Access Identifier (NAI). The last method enables you to configure a default mobile node, which can be used by any mobile node that has the proper SPI value and related keying material.
The Address section for a mobile node contains the Type and SPI labels that define the address type and SPI identifier. The Address section has the following syntax:
[Address address] Type = node SPI = SPI-identifier
You must include an Address section in a home agent's configuration file for each mobile node that is supported.
If Mobile IP message authentication is required between the foreign agent and home agent, you must include an Address section for each peer with which an agent needs to communicate.
The SPI value that you configure must represent an SPI section that is present in the configuration file.
You can also configure private addresses for a mobile node.
The following table describes the labels and values that you can use in the Address section for a mobile node.
Table 29-5 Address Section Labels and Values (Mobile Node)
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The Address section for a mobility agent contains the Type and SPI labels that define the address type and SPI identifier. The Address section for a mobility agent has the following syntax:
[Address address] Type = agent SPI = SPI-identifier
You must include an Address section in a home agent's configuration file for each mobility agent that is supported.
If Mobile IP message authentication is required between the foreign agent and the home agent, you must include an Address section for each peer with which an agent needs to communicate.
The SPI value that you configure must represent an SPI section that is present in the configuration file.
The following table describes the labels and values that you can use in the Address section for a mobility agent.
Table 29-6 Address Section Labels and Values (Mobility Agent)
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The Address section for a mobile node that is identified by its NAI contains the Type, SPI, and Pool labels. The NAI parameter enables you to identify mobile nodes through their NAI. The Address section, using the NAI parameter, has the following syntax:
[Address NAI] Type = Node SPI = SPI-identifier Pool = pool-identifier
To use pools, you identify mobile nodes through their NAI. The Address section permits you to configure an NAI, as opposed to a home address. An NAI uses the format user@domain. You use the Pool label to specify which address pool to use in order to allocate the home address to the mobile node.
The following table describes the labels and values that you can use in the Address section for a mobile node that is identified by its NAI.
Table 29-7 Address Section Labels and Values (Mobile Node Identified by Its NAI)
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You must have corresponding SPI and Pool sections for the SPI and Pool labels that are defined in an Address section with a mobile node that is identified by its NAI, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 29-1 Corresponding SPI and Pool Sections for Address Section With Mobile Node Identified by Its NAI
The Address section for a default mobile node contains the Type, SPI, and Pool labels. The Node-Default parameter enables you to permit all mobile nodes to get service if they have the correct SPI (defined in this section). The Address section, using the Node-Default parameter, has the following syntax:
[Address Node-Default] Type = Node SPI = SPI-identifier Pool = pool-identifier
The Node-Default parameter enables you to reduce the size of the configuration file. Otherwise, each mobile node requires its own section. However, the Node-Default parameter does pose a security risk. If a mobile node is no longer trusted for any reason, you need to update the security information on all trusted mobile nodes. This task can be very tedious. However, you can use the Node-Default parameter in networks that consider security risks unimportant.
The following table describes the labels and values that you can use in the Address section for a default mobile node.
Table 29-8 Address Section Labels and Values (Default Mobile Node)
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You must have corresponding SPI and Pool sections for the SPI and Pool labels that are defined in the Address section with a default mobile node, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 29-2 Corresponding SPI and Pool Sections for Address Section With a Default Mobile Node