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Booting and Shutting Down Oracle Solaris on SPARC Platforms Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library |
1. Booting and Shutting Down a SPARC Based System (Overview)
2. Booting a SPARC Based System to a Specified State (Tasks)
3. Shutting Down a System (Tasks)
4. Rebooting a SPARC Based System (Tasks)
5. Booting a SPARC Based System From the Network (Tasks)
6. Modifying Boot Parameters on a SPARC Based System (Tasks)
7. Creating, Administering, and Booting From ZFS Boot Environments on SPARC Platforms (Tasks)
8. Keeping a SPARC Based System Bootable (Tasks)
9. Troubleshooting Booting a SPARC Based System (Tasks)
Troubleshooting Booting a SPARC Based System (Task Map)
Shutting Down and Booting a SPARC Based System for Recovery Purposes
Stopping and Booting for System Recovery Purposes
How to Stop a System for Recovery Purposes
How to Boot in Single-User Mode to Resolve a Bad root Shell or Password Problem
How to Boot From Media to Resolve an Unknown root Password
How to Boot a System Without Starting Any Services
Forcing a Crash Dump and Reboot of a SPARC Based System
How to Force a Crash Dump and Reboot of the System
How to Boot a System With the Kernel Debugger (kmdb) Enabled
In the following instances, you must first shut down a system to analyze or troubleshoot booting and other system problems.
Troubleshoot error messages when the system boots.
Stop the system to attempt recovery.
Boot a system for recovery purposes.
Force a crash dump and reboot of the system.
Boot the system with the kernel debugger by using the kmdb command.
The procedures that follow describe how to safely shut down and then boot a SPARC based system for recovery purposes.
You might need to boot the system for recovery purposes. Some of the more common error and recovery scenarios include the following:
Boot a system in single-user mode to resolve a minor problem, such as correcting the root shell entry in the /etc/passwd file or changing a NIS server.
Boot from the installation media or from an install server on the network to recover from a problem that is preventing the system from booting or to recover from a lost root password. Resolving a boot configuration problem by importing the root pool, mounting the BE, and fixing the problem.
On SPARC systems, the boot net:dhcp command replaces the boot net command that is used in Oracle Solaris 10 releases.
ok sync
For more information, see the boot(1M) man page.
# who -r . run-level s May 2 07:39 3 0 S
Example 9-1 Powering Off a Service Processor
If you are running Oracle Solaris 11 on an Oracle ILOM service processor, after shutting down the operating system, you must switch from the system console prompt to the service processor prompt. From there, you can stop the service processor, as shown in this example:
# shutdown -g0 -i0 -y # svc.startd: The system is coming down. Please wait. svc.startd: 91 system services are now being stopped. Jun 12 19:46:57 wgs41-58 syslogd: going down on signal 15 svc.stard: The system is down. syncing file systems...done Program terminated r)eboot o)k prompt, h)alt? # o
ok #. ->
-> stop /SYS Are you sure you want to stop /SYS (y/n)? y Stopping /SYS ->
If you need to perform an immediate shutdown, use the stop -force -script /SYS command. Before you type this command, ensure that all data is saved.
Example 9-2 Powering On a Service Processor
The following example shows how to power on the server. You must first be logged in to Oracle ILOM. See http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E19166-01/E20792/z40002fe1296006.html#scrolltoc.
If you have a modular system, make sure you are logged into the desired server module.
-> start /SYS Are you sure you want to start /SYS (y/n) ? y Starting /SYS ->
If you do not want to be prompted for a confirmation, use the start -script /SYS command.
ok boot -s
# vi /etc/password
ok boot net:dhcp
# zpool import -f rpool
# mkdir /a
# beadm mount solaris-instance|bename /a
# TERM=vt100 # export TERM
# cd /a/etc # vi shadow # cd /
Note - You must change directories after this step.
# bootadm update-archive -R /a
# beadm umount be-name
# halt
ok boot -s Boot device: /pci@780/pci@0/pci@9/scsi@0/disk@0,0:a File and args: -s SunOS Release 5.11 Version 11.0 64-bit Copyright (c) 1983, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Booting to milestone "milestone/single-user:default". Hostname: tardis.central Requesting System Maintenance Mode SINGLE USER MODE Enter user name for system maintenance (control-d to bypass): root Enter root password (control-d to bypass): <Press return> single-user privilege assigned to root on /dev/console. Entering System Maintenance Mode
root@system:~# passwd -r files root New Password: xxxxxx Re-enter new Password: xxxxxx passwd: password successfully changed for root
See Also
If the default OS on your system will not will not boot, and you need to boot from an alternate ZFS dataset, see Booting From a ZFS Boot Environment on SPARC Platforms for further troubleshooting information.
If problems with starting services occur, sometimes a system hangs during the boot process. This procedure shows how to troubleshoot this problem.
This command instructs the svc.startd daemon to temporarily disable all services and start sulogin on the console.
ok boot -m milestone=none
# svcadm milestone all
# svcs -a
# svcs -x
This command verifies that the login process on the console will run.
# svcs -l system/console-login:default
Forcing a crash dump and reboot of the system are sometimes necessary for troubleshooting purposes. The savecore feature is enabled by default.
For more information about system crash dumps, see Chapter 17, Managing System Crash Information (Tasks), in Oracle Solaris Administration: Common Tasks.
Use this procedure to force a crash dump of the system. The example that follows this procedure shows how to use the halt -d command to force a crash dump of the system. You will need to manually reboot the system after running this command.
> n ok sync
After the crash dump is written to disk, the system will continue to reboot.
The login prompt is displayed when the boot process has finished successfully.
hostname console login:
Example 9-3 SPARC: Forcing a Crash Dump and Reboot of a System by Using the halt -d Command
This example shows how to force a crash dump and reboot of the system by using the halt -d and boot commands.
# halt -d Jul 21 14:13:37 jupiter halt: halted by root panic[cpu0]/thread=30001193b20: forced crash dump initiated at user request 000002a1008f7860 genunix:kadmin+438 (b4, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0) %l0-3: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000004 0000000000000004 %l4-7: 00000000000003cc 0000000000000010 0000000000000004 0000000000000004 000002a1008f7920 genunix:uadmin+110 (5, 0, 0, 6d7000, ff00, 4) %l0-3: 0000030002216938 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 0000004237922872 %l4-7: 000000423791e770 0000000000004102 0000030000449308 0000000000000005 syncing file systems... 1 1 done dumping to /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1, offset 107413504, content: kernel 100% done: 5339 pages dumped, compression ratio 2.68, dump succeeded Program terminated ok boot Resetting ... . . Rebooting with command: boot Boot device: /pci@1f,0/pci@1,1/ide@3/disk@0,0:a File and args: kernel/sparcv9/unix configuring IPv4 interfaces: hme0. add net default: gateway 172.20.27.248 Hostname: jupiter The system is coming up. Please wait. NIS domain name is example.com . . . System dump time: Wed Jul 21 14:13:41 2010 Jul 21 14:15:23 jupiter savecore: saving system crash dump in /var/crash/jupiter/*.0 Constructing namelist /var/crash/jupiter/unix.0 Constructing corefile /var/crash/jupiter/vmcore.0 100% done: 5339 of 5339 pages saved . . .
This procedure shows how to load the kernel debugger (kmdb).
Note - Use the reboot command and the halt command with the -d option if you do not have time to debug the system interactively. Running the halt command with the -d option requires a manual reboot of the system afterward. However, if you use the reboot command, the system boots automatically. See the reboot(1M) for more information.
To halt the system cleanly, use the halt command.
The method used to enter the debugger depends on the type of console that is used to access the system:
A welcome message is displayed when you enter the kernel debugger for the first time.
Rebooting with command: kadb Boot device: /iommu/sbus/espdma@4,800000/esp@4,8800000/sd@3,0 . . .
Example 9-4 SPARC: Booting a System With the Kernel Debugger (kmdb) Enabled
ok boot kmdb Resetting... Executing last command: boot kmdb -d Boot device: /pci@1f,0/ide@d/disk@0,0:a File and args: kmdb -d Loading kmdb...