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Oracle Solaris Administration: ZFS File Systems Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library |
1. Oracle Solaris ZFS File System (Introduction)
2. Getting Started With Oracle Solaris ZFS
3. Oracle Solaris ZFS and Traditional File System Differences
4. Managing Oracle Solaris ZFS Storage Pools
5. Managing ZFS Root Pool Components
6. Managing Oracle Solaris ZFS File Systems
Managing ZFS File Systems (Overview)
Creating, Destroying, and Renaming ZFS File Systems
ZFS Read-Only Native Properties
Settable ZFS Native Properties
Querying ZFS File System Information
Querying ZFS Properties for Scripting
Using Temporary Mount Properties
Sharing and Unsharing ZFS File Systems
Displaying ZFS Share Information
ZFS File Sharing Within a Non-Global Zone
New ZFS Sharing and Legacy Share Command Summary
Troubleshooting ZFS Share Problems
ZFS Sharing Migration/Transition Issues
Setting ZFS Quotas and Reservations
Setting Quotas on ZFS File Systems
Setting User and Group Quotas on a ZFS File System
Setting Reservations on ZFS File Systems
Changing an Encrypted ZFS File System's Keys
Delegating ZFS Key Operation Permissions
Mounting an Encrypted ZFS File System
Interactions Between ZFS Compression, Deduplication, and Encryption Properties
Examples of Encrypting ZFS File Systems
7. Working With Oracle Solaris ZFS Snapshots and Clones
8. Using ACLs and Attributes to Protect Oracle Solaris ZFS Files
9. Oracle Solaris ZFS Delegated Administration
10. Oracle Solaris ZFS Advanced Topics
11. Oracle Solaris ZFS Troubleshooting and Pool Recovery
12. Archiving Snapshots and Root Pool Recovery
13. Recommended Oracle Solaris ZFS Practices
You can use the shadow migration feature to migrate file systems as follows:
A local or remote ZFS file system to a target ZFS file system
A local or remote UFS file system to a target ZFS file system
Shadow migration is a process that pulls the data to be migrated:
Create an empty ZFS file system.
Set the shadow property on an empty ZFS file system, which is the target (or shadow) file system, to point to the file system to be migrated.
Data from file system to be migrated is copied over to the shadow file system.
You can use the shadow property URI to identify the file system to be migrated in two ways:
shadow=file:///path – Use this syntax to migrate a local file system
shadow=nfs://host:path – Use this syntax to migrate a NFS file system
Review the following considerations when migrating file systems:
The file system to migrated must be set to read-only. If the file system is not set to read-only, in progress changes might not be migrated.
The target file system must be completely empty.
If the system is rebooted during a migration, the migration continues after the system is booted.
Access to directory content that is not completely migrated or access to file content that is not completely migrated is blocked until the entire content is migrated.
If you want the UID, GID, and ACL information to be migrated to the shadow file system during an NFS migration, make sure that the name service information is accessible between the local and remote systems. You might consider copying a subset of the file system data to be migrated for a test migration to see that all the information is migrated properly before doing a completing a large migration of data over NFS.
Migrating file system data over NFS can be slow, depending on your network bandwidth. Be patient.
You can use the shadowstat command to monitor a file system migration, which provides the following data:
The BYTES XFRD column identifies how many bytes have been transferred to the shadow file system.
The BYTES LEFT column fluxuates continuously until the migration is almost complete. ZFS does not identify how much data needs to be migrated at the beginning of the migration because this process might be too time-consuming.
Consider using the BYTES XFRD and the ELAPSED TIME information to estimate the length of the migration process.
For a large migration using NFS, you might consider doing a test migration of a subset of the data to ensure that the UID, GUID, and ACL information migrates correctly.
# pkg install shadow-migration
# svcadm enable shadowd
If you do not enable the shadowd process, you will have to reset the shadow property to none when the migration process is complete.
If you are migrating a local ZFS file system, set it to read-only. For example:
# zfs set readonly=on tank/home/data
If you are migrating a remote file system, share it read-only. For example,
# share -F nfs -o ro /export/home/ufsdata # share - /export/home/ufsdata ro ""
For example, if you are migrating a local ZFS file system, rpool/old, to a new ZFS file system, users/home/shadow, set the shadow property to rpool/old when the users/home/shadow file system is created.
# zfs create -o shadow=file:///rpool/old users/home/shadow
For example, to migrate /export/home/ufsdata from a remote server, set the shadow property when the ZFS file system is created.
# zfs create -o shadow=nfs://v120-brm-02/export/home/ufsdata users/home/shadow2
For example:
# shadowstat EST BYTES BYTES ELAPSED DATASET XFRD LEFT ERRORS TIME users/home/shadow 45.5M 2.75M - 00:02:31 users/home/shadow 55.8M - - 00:02:41 users/home/shadow 69.7M - - 00:02:51 No migrations in progress
When the migration is complete, the shadow property is set to none.
# zfs get -r shadow users/home/shadow* NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE users/home/shadow shadow none - users/home/shadow2 shadow none -
Review the following points when troubleshooting ZFS migration problems:
If the file system to be migrated is not set to read-only, then not all data will be migrated.
If the target file system is not empty when the shadow property is set, the data migration will not begin.
If you add or remove data from the file system to be migrated when the migration is in progress, those changes might not be migrated.
If you attempt to change the mount of the shadow file system when the migration is in progress, you will see the following message:
# zfs set mountpoint=/users/home/data users/home/shadow3 cannot unmount '/users/home/shadow3': Device busy