Contents

Title and Copyright Information

Preface

• Audience
• Documentation Accessibility
• Related Documentation
• Conventions
• Command Syntax
• Terminology
• Accessing Documentation

1 Administering Oracle Database

• 1.1 Overview
• 1.2 Environment Variables
  • 1.2.1 Oracle Database Environment Variables
  • 1.2.2 UNIX Environment Variables
  • 1.2.3 Setting a Common Environment
  • 1.2.4 Setting the System Time Zone
• 1.3 Initialization Parameters
  • 1.3.1 DB_BLOCK_SIZE Initialization Parameter
  • 1.3.2 ASM_DISKSTRING Initialization Parameter
  • 1.3.3 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n Initialization Parameter
  • 1.3.4 DISK_ASYNCH_IO Initialization Parameter (HP-UX)
• 1.4 Operating System Accounts and Groups
  • 1.4.1 Creating Additional Operating System Accounts
  • 1.4.2 Configuring the Accounts of Oracle Users
• 1.5 Using Trace Files

2 Stopping and Starting Oracle Software

• 2.1 Oracle Restart
• 2.2 Stopping and Starting Oracle Processes
  • 2.2.1 Stopping and Starting Oracle Database and Automatic Storage Management Instances
    • 2.2.1.1 Stopping an Oracle Database or Automatic Storage Management Instance
    • 2.2.1.2 Restarting an Oracle Database or Automatic Storage Management Instance
  • 2.2.2 Stopping and Starting Oracle Restart
  • 2.2.3 Stopping and Starting Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control
  • 2.2.4 Stopping and Starting Oracle Management Agent

3 Configuring Oracle Database

• 3.1 Using Configuration Assistants as Standalone Tools
  • 3.1.1 Using Oracle Net Configuration Assistant
  • 3.1.2 Using Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant
  • 3.1.3 Using Oracle Database Configuration Assistant
  • 3.1.4 Configuring New or Upgraded Databases
• 3.2 Relinking Executables

4 Administering SQL*Plus

• 4.1 Administering Command-Line SQL*Plus
  • 4.1.1 Using Setup Files
  • 4.1.2 Using the PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE Table
  • 4.1.3 Using Oracle Database Sample Schemas
  • 4.1.4 Installing and Removing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
    • 4.1.4.1 Installing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
    • 4.1.4.2 Removing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
• 4.2 Using Command-Line SQL*Plus
  • 4.2.1 Using a System Editor from SQL*Plus
  • 4.2.2 Running Operating System Commands from SQL*Plus
  • 4.2.3 Interrupting SQL*Plus
  • 4.2.4 Using the SPOOL Command
• 4.3 SQL*Plus Restrictions
  • 4.3.1 Resizing Windows
  • 4.3.2 Return Codes
  • 4.3.3 Hiding the Password

5 Configuring Oracle Net Services

• 5.1 Locating Oracle Net Services Configuration Files
• 5.2 Adapters Utility
• 5.3 Oracle Protocol Support
  • 5.3.1 IPC Protocol Support
  • 5.3.2 TCP/IP Protocol Support
  • 5.3.3 TCP/IP with Secure Sockets Layer Protocol Support
• 5.4 Setting Up the Listener for TCP/IP or TCP/IP with Secure Sockets Layer
• 5.5 Oracle Advanced Security

6 Using Oracle Precompilers and the Oracle Call Interface

• 6.1 Overview of Oracle Precompilers
  • 6.1.1 Precompiler Configuration Files
  • 6.1.2 Relinking Precompiler Executables
  • 6.1.3 Precompiler README Files
  • 6.1.4 Issues Common to All Precompilers
  • 6.1.5 Static and Dynamic Linking
  • 6.1.6 Client Shared and Static Libraries
• 6.2 Bit-Length Support for Client Applications
• 6.3 Pro*C/C++ Precompiler
  • 6.3.1 Pro*C/C++ Demonstration Programs
  • 6.3.2 Pro*C/C++ User Programs
• 6.4 Pro*COBOL Precompiler
  • 6.4.1 Pro*COBOL Environment Variables
    • 6.4.1.1 Micro Focus Server Express COBOL Compiler
    • 6.4.1.2 Acucorp ACUCOBOL-GT COBOL Compiler
  • 6.4.2 Pro*COBOL Oracle Runtime System
  • 6.4.3 Pro*COBOL Demonstration Programs
  • 6.4.4 Pro*COBOL User Programs
  • 6.4.5 FORMAT Precompiler Option
• 6.5 Pro*FORTRAN Precompiler
  • 6.5.1 Pro*FORTRAN Demonstration Programs
  • 6.5.2 Pro*FORTRAN User Programs
• 6.6 SQL*Module for ADA
  • 6.6.1 SQL*Module for Ada Demonstration Programs
  • 6.6.2 SQL*Module for Ada User Programs
• 6.7 OCI and OCCI
  • 6.7.1 OCI and OCCI Demonstration Programs
  • 6.7.2 OCI and OCCI User Programs
• 6.8 Oracle JDBC/OCI Programs with a 64-Bit Driver
• 6.9 Custom Make Files
• 6.10 Correcting Undefined Symbols
• 6.11 Multithreaded Applications
• 6.12 Using Signal Handlers
• 6.13 XA Functionality

7 SQL*Loader and PL/SQL Demonstrations

• 7.1 SQL*Loader Demonstrations
• 7.2 PL/SQL Demonstrations
• 7.3 Calling 32-Bit External Procedures from 64-Bit Oracle Database PL/SQL

8 Tuning Oracle Database

• 8.1 Importance of Tuning
• 8.2 Operating System Tools
  • 8.2.1 vmstat
  • 8.2.2 sar
  • 8.2.3 iostat
  • 8.2.4 swap, swapinfo, swapon, or lsps
  • 8.2.5 AIX Tools
    • 8.2.5.1 Base Operation System Tools
    • 8.2.5.2 Performance Toolbox
    • 8.2.5.3 System Management Interface Tool
  • 8.2.6 HP-UX Tools
  • 8.2.7 Linux Tools
  • 8.2.8 Solaris Tools
• 8.3 Tuning Memory Management
  • 8.3.1 Allocating Sufficient Swap Space
  • 8.3.2 Controlling Paging
  • 8.3.3 Adjusting Oracle Block Size
  • 8.3.4 Allocating Memory Resource
• 8.4 Tuning Disk Input-Output
  • 8.4.1 Using Automatic Storage Management
  • 8.4.2 Choosing the Appropriate File System Type
• 8.5 Monitoring Disk Performance
  • 8.5.1 Monitoring Disk Performance on Other Operating Systems
  • 8.5.2 Using Disk Resync to Monitor Automatic Storage Management Disk Group
• 8.6 System Global Area
  • 8.6.1 Determining the Size of the SGA
  • 8.6.2 Shared Memory on AIX
• 8.7 Tuning the Operating System Buffer Cache

A Administering Oracle Database on AIX

• A.1 Memory and Paging
  • A.1.1 Controlling Buffer-Cache Paging Activity
  • A.1.2 Tuning the AIX File Buffer Cache
  • A.1.3 Allocating Sufficient Paging Space
  • A.1.4 Controlling Paging
  • A.1.5 Setting the Database Block Size
  • A.1.6 Tuning the Log Archive Buffers
  • A.1.7 Input-Output Buffers and SQL*Loader
• A.2 Disk Input-Output Issues
  • A.2.1 AIX Logical Volume Manager
  • A.2.2 Using Journaled File Systems Compared to Raw Logical Volumes
  • A.2.3 Using Asynchronous Input-Output
  • A.2.4 Input-Output Slaves
  • A.2.5 Using the DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT Parameter
  • A.2.6 Using Write Behind
  • A.2.7 Tuning Sequential Read Ahead
  • A.2.8 Tuning Disk Input-Output Pacing
  • A.2.9 Resilvering with Oracle Database
• A.3 CPU Scheduling and Process Priorities
  • A.3.1 Changing Process Running Time Slice
  • A.3.2 Using Processor Binding on SMP Systems
• A.4 Setting the AIXTHREAD_SCOPE Environment Variable
• A.5 Network Information Service external naming support
• A.6 Simultaneous Multithreading on AIX 5.3 and Later Versions
• A.7 Configuring IBM JSSE Provider with Oracle JDBC Thin Driver

B Administering Oracle Database on Linux

• B.1 Extended Buffer Cache Support
• B.2 Using hugetlbfs on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 or Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4
• B.3 Asynchronous Input-Output Support
• B.4 Simultaneous Multithreading
• B.5 Allocating Shared Resources
• B.6 Database Migration from 32-Bit Linux to 64-Bit Linux
  • B.6.1 Online Backup of Database With RMAN
  • B.6.2 Migrating 32-Bit Linux Database to 64-Bit Linux Database
    • B.6.2.1 Migrating 32-Bit Database to 64-Bit Database With the Same Directory Structure for Data Files
    • B.6.2.2 Migrating 32-Bit Database to 64-Bit Database With Different Directory Structure for Data Files
  • B.6.3 Migrating Data To and From ASM

C Administering Oracle Database on HP-UX

• C.1 HP-UX Shared Memory Segments for an Oracle Instance
• C.2 HP-UX SCHED_NOAGE Scheduling Policy
  • C.2.1 Enabling SCHED_NOAGE for Oracle Database
• C.3 Lightweight Timer Implementation
• C.4 Asynchronous Input-Output
  • C.4.1 MLOCK Privilege
  • C.4.2 Implementing Asynchronous Input-Output
  • C.4.3 Verifying Asynchronous Input-Output
    • C.4.3.1 Verifying That HP-UX Asynchronous Driver is Configured for Oracle Database
    • C.4.3.2 Verifying that Oracle Database is Using Asynchronous Input-Output
  • C.4.4 Asynchronous Flag in SGA
• C.5 Large Memory Allocations and Oracle Database Tuning
  • C.5.1 Default Large Virtual Memory Page Size
  • C.5.2 Tuning Recommendations
  • C.5.3 Tunable Base Page Size
• C.6 CPU_COUNT Initialization Parameter and HP-UX Dynamic Processor Reconfiguration
• C.7 Network Information Service external naming support
• C.8 Activating and Setting Expanded Host Names and Node Names

D Administering Oracle Database on Solaris

• D.1 Intimate Shared Memory

E Using Oracle ODBC Driver

• E.1 Oracle ODBC Driver Certification
• E.2 Features Not Supported
• E.3 Implementation of Data Types
• E.4 Limitations on Data Types
• E.5 Format of the Connection String for the SQLDriverConnect Function
• E.6 Reducing Lock Timeout in a Program
• E.7 Linking ODBC Applications
• E.8 Obtaining Information About ROWIDs
• E.9 ROWIDs in a WHERE Clause
• E.10 Enabling Result Sets
• E.11 Enabling EXEC Syntax
• E.12 Supported Functionality
  • E.12.1 API Conformance
  • E.12.2 Implementation of ODBC API Functions
  • E.12.3 Implementation of the ODBC SQL Syntax
  • E.12.4 Implementation of Data Types
• E.13 Unicode Support
  • E.13.1 Unicode Support Within the ODBC Environment
  • E.13.2 Unicode Support in ODBC API
  • E.13.3 SQLGetData Performance
  • E.13.4 Unicode Samples
• E.14 Performance and Tuning
  • E.14.1 General ODBC Programming Guidelines
  • E.14.2 Data Source Configuration Options
  • E.14.3 DATE and TIMESTAMP Data Types
• E.15 Error Messages

F Database Limits

• F.1 Database Limits

G Very Large Memory and HugePages

• G.1 Very Large Memory on Linux x86
  • G.1.1 Implementing VLM on 32-bit Linux
  • G.1.2 Prerequisites for Implementing VLM
  • G.1.3 Methods To Increase SGA Limits
    • G.1.3.1 Hugemem Kernel
    • G.1.3.2 Hugemem Kernel with Very Large Memory
  • G.1.4 Configuring Very Large Memory for Oracle Database
  • G.1.5 Restrictions Involved in Implementing Very Large Memory
• G.2 Overview of HugePages
  • G.2.1 Tuning SGA With HugePages
  • G.2.2 Configuring HugePages on RHEL/ Oracle Linux
  • G.2.3 Restrictions for HugePages Configurations

Index