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安装 Oracle Solaris 11 系统 Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library (简体中文) |
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安装 Oracle Solaris 11 系统 Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library (简体中文) |
引导客户机以启动安装。本节详细介绍了如何引导 SPARC 或 x86 客户机。本节还介绍了如何远程监视安装进度。
可以使用 ssh 启用对自动化安装客户机的网络访问。可以通过这种访问来远程观察安装过程。
可以通过在安装配置文件中将选项 livessh 设置为 enable 来启用远程访问。当启用这种访问方式时，可以使用用户名 jack 和口令 jack 登录到 AI 客户机。
对于 x86 系统，会按以下方式创建 menu.lst 配置文件：
如果已使用 installadm create-client 命令，则文件名为 /etc/netboot/menu.lst.01MAC_address，其中 MAC_address 是在 installadm create-client 命令中指定的 MAC 地址。
如果未使用 installadm create-client 命令，则文件名为 /etc/netboot/service_name/menu.lst，其中 service_name 是由 installadm create-service 命令创建的安装服务的名称。
在该文件中，选项作为内核参数提供。在以下示例中，livessh 和 install_debug 选项设置为 enable。
kernel$ ... -B install_media=...,livessh=enable,install_debug=enable
对于 SPARC 系统，可以通过挂载在 /etc/netboot 目录下的服务的网络映像目录 /etc/netboot/svcname/system.conf 来访问 system.conf 文件。
在 system.conf 文件中，选项定义为名称-值对。在以下示例中，livessh 选项设置为 enable。
$ cat /etc/netboot/svc1/system.conf ... livessh=enable ...
使用以下命令从 OBP 提示符引导 SPARC 客户机：
ok boot net:dhcp - install
在 SPARC 客户机的 AI 引导期间会发生以下事件：
客户机引导并从 DHCP 服务器获取 IP 地址和 wanboot-cgi 文件的位置。
wanboot-cgi 程序读取 wanboot.conf，并将 WAN Boot 二进制文件的位置发送给客户机。
使用 HTTP 下载 WAN Boot 二进制文件，客户机引导 WAN Boot 程序。
WAN Boot 获取 boot_archive 文件，并且引导 Oracle Solaris OS。
使用 HTTP 下载映像归档文件 solaris.zlib 和 solarismisc.zlib。
从通过 mDNS 查找或 system.conf 文件指定的 AI 安装服务下载 AI 清单和系统配置文件。
使用 AI 清单调用 AI 安装程序来执行 Oracle Solaris OS 在客户机上的安装。
将显示引导序列的以下输出：
{0} ok boot net:dhcp - install
SPARC Enterprise T5120, No Keyboard
Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenBoot 4.29.1, 16256 MB memory available, Serial #81036844.
Ethernet address 0:14:4f:d4:86:2c, Host ID: 84d4862c.
Boot device: /pci@0/pci@0/pci@1/pci@0/pci@2/network@0:dhcp File and args: - install
1000 Mbps full duplex Link up
Timed out waiting for BOOTP/DHCP reply
<time unavailable> wanboot info: WAN boot messages->console
<time unavailable> wanboot info: configuring /pci@0/pci@0/pci@1/pci@0/pci@2/network@0:dhcp
1000 Mbps full duplex Link up
<time unavailable> wanboot info: Starting DHCP configuration
<time unavailable> wanboot info: DHCP configuration succeeded
<time unavailable> wanboot progress: wanbootfs: Read 368 of 368 kB (100%)
<time unavailable> wanboot info: wanbootfs: Download complete
Fri Aug 26 14:34:53 wanboot progress: miniroot: Read 221327 of 221327 kB (100%)
Fri Aug 26 14:34:53 wanboot info: miniroot: Download complete
SunOS Release 5.11 Version snv_175 64-bit
Copyright (c) 1983, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Remounting root read/write
Probing for device nodes ...
Preparing network image for use
Downloading solaris.zlib
--2011-08-26 13:47:31-- http://host1:5555/install/images/sparc_snv175//solaris.zlib
idn_decode failed (9): `System iconv failed'
Resolving host1... 10.80.238.5
idn_decode failed (9): `System iconv failed'
Connecting to host1|10.80.238.5|:5555... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 135977984 (130M) [text/plain]
Saving to: `/tmp/solaris.zlib'
100%[======================================>] 135,977,984 22.3M/s in 6.0s
2011-08-26 13:47:37 (21.7 MB/s) - `/tmp/solaris.zlib' saved [135977984/135977984]
Downloading solarismisc.zlib
--2011-08-26 13:47:37-- http://host1:5555/install/images/sparc_snv175//solarismisc.zlib
idn_decode failed (9): `System iconv failed'
Resolving host1... 10.80.238.5
idn_decode failed (9): `System iconv failed'
Connecting to host1|10.80.238.5|:5555... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 18826752 (18M) [text/plain]
Saving to: `/tmp/solarismisc.zlib'
100%[======================================>] 18,826,752 21.7M/s in 0.8s
2011-08-26 13:47:37 (21.7 MB/s) - `/tmp/solarismisc.zlib' saved [18826752/18826752]
Downloading .image_info
--2011-08-26 13:47:37-- http://host1:5555/install/images/sparc_snv175//.image_info
idn_decode failed (9): `System iconv failed'
Resolving host1... 10.80.238.5
idn_decode failed (9): `System iconv failed'
Connecting to host1|10.80.238.5|:5555... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 82 [text/plain]
Saving to: `/tmp/.image_info'
100%[======================================>] 82 --.-K/s in 0s
2011-08-26 13:47:37 (2.22 MB/s) - `/tmp/.image_info' saved [82/82]
Done mounting image
Configuring devices.
Hostname: solaris
Service discovery phase initiated
Service name to look up: default-sparc
Service discovery finished successfully
Process of obtaining install manifest initiated
Using the install manifest obtained via service discovery
Automated Installation started
The progress of the Automated Installation will be output to the console
Detailed logging is in the logfile at /system/volatile/install_log
Press RETURN to get a login prompt at any time.
solaris console login: 13:48:35 Install Log: /system/volatile/install_log
13:48:35 Using XML Manifest: /system/volatile/ai.xml
13:48:35 Using profile specification: /system/volatile/profile
13:48:35 Using service list file: /var/run/service_list
13:48:35 Starting installation.
13:48:35 0% Preparing for Installation
13:48:36 100% manifest-parser completed.
13:48:36 0% Preparing for Installation
13:48:36 1% Preparing for Installation
13:48:37 2% Preparing for Installation
13:48:37 3% Preparing for Installation
13:48:37 4% Preparing for Installation
13:48:47 7% target-discovery completed.
13:48:47 === Executing Target Selection Checkpoint ==
13:48:48 Selected Disk(s) : c3t0d0
13:48:48 13% target-selection completed.
13:48:48 17% ai-configuration completed.
13:49:01 19% target-instantiation completed.
13:49:02 19% Beginning IPS transfer
13:49:02 Creating IPS image
13:50:58 Installing packages from:
13:50:58 solaris
13:50:58 origin: http://pkg.example.com/solaris/
14:48:40 21% generated-transfer-1491-1 completed.
14:48:41 23% initialize-smf completed.
14:48:43 Installing SPARC bootblk to root pool devices: ['/dev/rdsk/c3t0d0s0']
14:48:43 Setting openprom boot-device
14:48:44 33% boot-configuration completed.
14:48:44 35% update-dump-adm completed.
14:48:45 37% setup-swap completed.
14:48:45 40% set-flush-ips-content-cache completed.
14:48:47 42% device-config completed.
14:48:49 44% apply-sysconfig completed.
14:48:49 46% transfer-zpool-cache completed.
14:49:03 87% boot-archive completed.
14:49:04 89% transfer-ai-files completed.
14:49:04 99% create-snapshot completed.
14:49:05 Automated Installation succeeded.
14:49:05 You may wish to reboot the system at this time.
Automated Installation finished successfully
The system can be rebooted now
Please refer to the /system/volatile/install_log file for details
After reboot it will be located at /var/sadm/system/logs/install_log
通过使用下列某种方法从网络进行引导来启动 x86 客户机安装：
按适当的功能键。例如，某些系统使用 F12 从网络进行引导
更改 BIOS 中的引导顺序。
当客户机引导时，选择要用来引导的网络设备。
在 x86 客户机的 AI 引导期间会发生以下事件：
客户机进行引导并获取 IP 地址，然后从 DHCP 服务器提供的位置处下载引导文件 pxegrub。
装入 pxegrub 引导文件，并读取 menu.lst 文件。
pxegrub 引导文件获取 boot_archive 文件，并使用 TFTP 引导 Oracle Solaris OS。
按照 GRUB 菜单的规定使用 HTTP 下载网络映像归档文件 solaris.zlib 和 solarismisc.zlib。
从通过 mDNS 查找或引导的 GRUB 菜单项指定的 AI 安装服务下载 AI 清单和系统配置文件。
使用 AI 清单调用 AI 安装程序来执行安装。
系统成功进行 PXE 引导后，在显示 GRUB 菜单之前将短暂显示以下消息：
Intel(R) Boot Agent PXE Base Code (PXE-2.1 build 0.86) Copyright(C) 1997-2007, Intel Corporation CLIENT MAC ADDR 00 14 4F 29 04 12 GUID FF2000008 FFFF FFFF FFFF 7BDA264F1400 CLIENT IP: 10.6.68.29 MASK: 255.255.255.0 DHCP IP: 10.6.68.49 GATEWAY: 10.6.68.1
将显示 GRUB 菜单，其中包含两个菜单项。选择第二项以启动自动化安装：
Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 Text Installer and command line Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 Automated Install
缺省 GRUB 菜单项 "Text Installer and command line"（文本安装程序和命令行）可引导映像，但不启动无人参与的自动化安装。选择 GRUB 菜单中的第二项 "Automated Install"（自动化安装）启动自动化安装。如果选择第一个菜单项，则在引导客户机时，将显示一个菜单，如在不启动安装的情况下引导后启动安装中所示。可使用该菜单来检查或安装系统。
选择映像后，将显示以下消息：
Remounting root read/write snv_175 64-bit
Probing for device nodes ...acle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Preparing network image for use
Downloading solaris.zlib
--2011-08-26 07:35:13-- http://10.80.238.5:5555//install/images/i386_snv175/solaris.zlib
Connecting to 10.80.238.5:5555... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 130032128 (124M) [text/plain]
Saving to: `/tmp/solaris.zlib'
100%[======================================>] 130,032,128 16.4M/s in 8.3s
2011-08-26 07:35:22 (14.9 MB/s) - `/tmp/solaris.zlib' saved [130032128/130032128]
Downloading solarismisc.zlib
--2011-08-26 07:35:22-- http://10.80.238.5:5555//install/images/i386_snv175/solarismisc.zlib
Connecting to 10.80.238.5:5555... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 18758144 (18M) [text/plain]
Saving to: `/tmp/solarismisc.zlib'
100%[======================================>] 18,758,144 21.7M/s in 0.8s
2011-08-26 07:35:23 (21.7 MB/s) - `/tmp/solarismisc.zlib' saved [18758144/18758144]
Downloading .image_info
--2011-08-26 07:35:23-- http://10.80.238.5:5555//install/images/i386_snv175/.image_info
Connecting to 10.80.238.5:5555... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 241 [text/plain]
Saving to: `/tmp/.image_info'
100%[======================================>] 241 --.-K/s in 0s
2011-08-26 07:35:23 (29.3 MB/s) - `/tmp/.image_info' saved [241/241]
Done mounting image
Configuring devices.
Hostname: solaris
Service discovery phase initiated
Service name to look up: default-i386
Service discovery finished successfully
Process of obtaining install manifest initiated
Using the install manifest obtained via service discovery
Automated Installation started
The progress of the Automated Installation will be output to the console
Detailed logging is in the logfile at /system/volatile/install_log
Press RETURN to get a login prompt at any time.
solaris console login: 07:35:35 Install Log: /system/volatile/install_log
07:35:35 Using XML Manifest: /system/volatile/ai.xml
07:35:35 Using profile specification: /system/volatile/profile
07:35:35 Using service list file: /var/run/service_list
07:35:36 Starting installation.
07:35:36 0% Preparing for Installation
07:35:36 100% manifest-parser completed.
07:35:36 0% Preparing for Installation
07:35:36 1% Preparing for Installation
07:35:36 2% Preparing for Installation
07:35:36 3% Preparing for Installation
07:35:37 4% Preparing for Installation
07:35:51 7% target-discovery completed.
07:35:51 === Executing Target Selection Checkpoint ==
07:35:51 Selected Disk(s) : c7t0d0
07:35:51 13% target-selection completed.
07:35:51 17% ai-configuration completed.
07:36:23 19% target-instantiation completed.
07:36:23 19% Beginning IPS transfer
07:36:23 Creating IPS image
07:36:41 Installing packages from:
07:36:41 solaris
07:36:41 origin: http://pkg.example.com/solaris/
07:53:29 21% generated-transfer-1006-1 completed.
07:53:29 23% initialize-smf completed.
07:53:30 Setting console boot device property to ttya
07:53:30 Disabling graphical console in boot loader
07:53:30 Creating Legacy GRUB config directory:
/rpool/boot/grub
07:53:30 Installing boot loader to devices: ['/dev/rdsk/c7t0d0s0']
07:53:31 33% boot-configuration completed.
07:53:31 35% update-dump-adm completed.
07:53:31 37% setup-swap completed.
07:53:31 40% set-flush-ips-content-cache completed.
07:53:32 42% device-config completed.
07:53:46 44% apply-sysconfig completed.
07:53:46 46% transfer-zpool-cache completed.
07:54:08 87% boot-archive completed.
07:54:08 89% transfer-ai-files completed.
07:54:09 99% create-snapshot completed.
07:54:09 Automated Installation succeeded.
07:54:09 You may wish to reboot the system at this time.
Automated Installation finished successfully
The system can be rebooted now
Please refer to the /system/volatile/install_log file for details
After reboot it will be located at /var/sadm/system/logs/install_log
下列消息对 SPARC 和 x86 安装是通用的。
如果客户机能够成功地引导和下载安装文件，那么会显示以下消息：
Automated Installation started The progress of the Automated Installation will be output to the console Detailed logging is in the logfile at /system/volatile/install_log Press RETURN to get a login prompt at any time.
可以使用口令 solaris 以 root 身份登录，以监视 /system/volatile/install_log 中的安装消息。开始从 IPS 安装软件包后，可能在较长的时间内没有对该日志文件进行更新。
如果出现以下消息，那么安装成功：
Automated Installation finished successfully The system can be rebooted now Please refer to the /system/volatile/install_log file for details After reboot it will be located at /var/sadm/system/logs/install_log
如果您在 AI 清单中设置了自动重新引导，那么系统会在此时重新引导。要指定在成功安装后自动重新引导，请将 <ai_instance> 标记的 auto_reboot 属性设置为 true。缺省值为 false：客户机在成功安装后不会自动重新引导。
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