跳过导航链接 | |
退出打印视图 | |
![]() |
Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3:Discover 和 Uncover 用户指南 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Information Library (简体中文) |
Discover 会检测和报告许多内存访问错误,并就可能是错误的访问向您发出警告。
Discover 可检测到以下内存访问错误:
ABR:数组越界读
ABW:数组越界写
BFM:释放错误的内存块
BRP:错误的重新分配地址参数
CGB:损坏的数组保护块
DFM:双重释放内存
FMR:读取释放的内存
FMW:写入释放的内存
FRP:释放的重新分配参数
IMR:无效的内存读取
IMW:无效的内存写入
内存泄漏
OLP:重叠源和目标
PIR:部分初始化的读取
SBR:堆栈帧越界读
SBW:堆栈帧越界写
UAR:读取未分配的内存
UAW:写入未分配的内存
UMR:读取未初始化的内存
以下几部分列出了一些简单的示例程序,这些程序会生成上述某些错误。
// ABR: reading memory beyond array bounds at address 0x%1x (%d byte%s)" int *a = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int[5])); printf("a[5] = %d\n",a[5]);
// ABW: writing to memory beyond array bounds int *a = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int[5])); a[5] = 5;
// BFM: freeing wrong memory block int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(p+1);
// BRP is "bad address parameter for realloc 0x%1x" int *p = (int*) realloc(0,sizeof(int)); int *q = (int*) realloc(p+20,sizeof(int[2]));
// DFM is "double freeing memory" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(p); free(p);'
// FMR is "reading from freed memory at address 0x%1x (%d byte%s)" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(p); printf("p = 0x%h\n",p);
// FMW is "writing to freed memory at address 0x%1x (%d byte%s)" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(p); *p = 1;
// FRP: freed pointer passed to realloc int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(0); int *q = (int*) realloc(p,sizeof(int[2]));
// IMR: read from invalid memory address int *p = 0; int i = *p; // generates Signal 11...
// IMW: write to invalid memory address int *p = 0; *p = 1; // generates Signal 11...
char *s=(char *) malloc(15); memset(s, 'x', 15); memcpy(s, s+5, 10); return 0;
// PIR: accessing partially initialized data int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); *((char*)p) = 'c'; printf("*(p = %d\n",*(p+1));
int a[2]={0,1}; printf("a[-10]=%d\n",a[-10]); return 0;
int a[2]={0,1)' a[-10]=2; return 0;
// UAR is "reading from unallocated memory" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); printf("*(p+1) = %d\n",*(p+1));
// UAW is "writing to unallocated memory" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); *(p+1) = 1;
// UMR is "accessing uninitialized data from address 0x%1x (A%d byte%s)" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); printf("*p = %d\n",*p);
Discover 会报告下列内存访问警告:
AZS:分配零大小
SMR:推测性未初始化内存读取
下面列出了一个会生成 AZS 警告的简单示例程序。
// AZS: allocating zero size memory block int *p = malloc();