Oracle® Fusion Applications Project Management Implementation Guide 11g Release 1 (11.1.4) Part Number E20384-04

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22 Project Foundation Configuration: Define Project Resources

This chapter contains the following:

Manage Job Mappings

Creating a Job Mapping: Example

Manage Resource Classes

Manage Nonlabor Resources

Manage Job Mappings

Job Mapping: Explained

Job mapping enables you to associate granular human resource jobs to less-detailed project jobs that you can use for project management.

Job titles usually reflect human resource characteristics and can vary across countries or units, even within the same enterprise. For example, you may have a project manager in the United States and a chef de projet in France. However, when managing projects, especially global ones, you may want to use the same job definitions for all resources rather than unique jobs that are defined by each resource-owning organization. These common, or global, jobs ease the maintenance of costing rates and processes.

Following is a description of job mapping and a brief example.

Mapping Jobs

You map jobs from two job sets through an intermediate job set. That is, you must map jobs in your human resource jobs sets to jobs from an intermediate set of jobs. You then map the jobs in the intermediate job set to jobs in your project job sets.

For each combination of From Job Set, Intermediate Job Set, and To Job Set, you manually associate the intermediate job to the to job only once. For subsequent mappings, the to job is displayed automatically when you select the intermediate job and cannot be modified.

For example, and as illustrated in the following diagram, assume you want to map jobs from Human Resources Job Set to Projects Job Set through an intermediate job set called Master Job Set. Within the Human Resources Job Set, you want to map jobs Construction Worker and Forklift Operator to a single job called Laborer in the Projects Job set.

You first select Construction Worker as the from job, Master Laborer as the intermediate job, and Laborer as the to job. The intermediate job Master Laborer and the to job Laborer are now linked. Next, when you select Forklift Operator as the to job and Master Laborer as the intermediate job, Laborer is displayed automatically as the to job.

After you map the jobs, you can use the single job Laborer for project management purposes.

Creating a Job Mapping: Example

Job mapping enables you to associate granular human resource jobs to less-detailed project jobs that you can use for project management. The following example illustrates how you map jobs from two job sets using an intermediate job set.

Scenario

InFusion Corporation is a global enterprise with business units in the United States and France. The following table lists sample job titles in those two countries.

For project work, InFusion Corporation uses the following generic job roles, created for the Global job set:

• Project Manager

• Consultant

• Architect

• Laborer

To map the global jobs to country-specific jobs, InFusion Corporation created an intermediate job set, called the Master job set, with the following jobs:

• Master Project Manager

• Master Consultant

• Master Architect

• Master Laborer

Jobs are mapped as follows for the United States job set:

Jobs are mapped as follows for the France job set:

InFusion Corporation associates the Global job set to its planning resource breakdown structures. Therefore, jobs such as Project Manager and Laborer are available for creating planning resources. In addition, the Global job set is used to define rates that can are then used for costing, invoicing, and financial planning.

FAQs for Manage Job Mappings

How can I map a human resource job to a project job?

You map jobs from two job sets through an intermediate job set. That is, you must map jobs in your human resource jobs sets to jobs from an intermediate set of jobs. You then map the jobs in the intermediate job set to jobs in your project job sets.

For example, you can map the human resources jobs Construction Worker and Forklift Operator to a single projects job called Laborer through the intermediate job Master Laborer. After you have mapped your jobs, you can use the single job Laborer for your project management purposes.

What's a job set?

An organizational partition of jobs. Use job sets to define how you create and use jobs in your business. You can define a single set of jobs and use them across your business. Alternatively, you can create separate job sets for each country or line of business.

For example, assume that the set of jobs your business uses for project management is less granular than that used to define human resource jobs for employees. You can define generic jobs for your project job set and map it to the human resource job sets. Associating the project job set with planning, reporting, and billing resource breakdown structures then ensures appropriate project reporting, costing, invoicing, and revenue generation.

Manage Resource Classes

Resource Formats and Resource Classes: How They Work Together to Create Planning Resources

The resources you can create for planning and billing resource breakdown structures are determined by a combination of predefined resource classes and the resource format hierarchies you select for use.

Resource Formats and Resource Format Hierarchies

Before creating planning or billing resources, you must select the resource formats and resource format hierarchies you want to use on your resource breakdown structure. For example, if you want to plan for project-related expenses such as air fare, then you must select resource format hierarchies created using the resource type Expenditure Type.

Also, as resource format hierarchies support up to three levels, selecting from the available hierarchies enables you to determine the granularity with which resources are created.

For example, for planning resource breakdown structures used for high-level or preliminary planning, you may decide to enable only the Resource Class resource format. You can then create and use planning resources representing the four resource classes: Labor, Equipment, Material Items, and Financial Resources.

To plan in greater detail, you may decide to use a two-level resource format hierarchy, such as Resource Class: Job or a three-level hierarchy such as Resource Class: Job: Named Person. You can then create a resource such as Labor: Electrical Engineer or Labor: Electrical Engineer: Chris Black.

Resource Classes

Resource classes influence the creation of planning and billing resources in the following ways:

• Resource class as a resource format: As mentioned earlier, Resource Class is a resource type that is available for use within resource format hierarchies on planning and billing resource breakdown structures.

• Predefined association with resource formats: For each resource format, you can create planning or billing resources based on certain resource classes. For example, if the resource format contains Job, then the only available resource class is Labor. However, if the resource format is Expenditure Category, then you can select any of the resource classes (Labor, Material, Equipment, and Financial Resources) when you create a resource.

Resource Classes: Explained

Resource classes are predefined classification of resources. For each resource class, you can define specific attributes that associated planning resources inherit.

Following is a description of the available resource classes and their attributes.

Available Resource Classes

The resource classes available in Oracle Fusion Projects are as follows:

Resource Class Attributes

The attributes you can define for each resource class are as follows:

Resource Class Rate Schedules

Create rate schedules for resource classes that you can use for project and financial planning. When creating resource class rate schedules, you can specify both rates and markup percentages for each combination of resource class and organization.

You specify a resource class rate schedule in the planning options for a financial or project plan type, project plan, or financial plan version as the source for rates or markup percentages, unless they are available elsewhere. For example, assume you are using actual rates on your financial plan version. If one of the planning resources is an expenditure category, then resource class rate schedules are used to derive rates for that resource because actual rates are not maintained for expenditure categories.

Manage Nonlabor Resources

Nonlabor Cost Rates: How They Are Determined

Oracle Fusion Projects uses cost rates to calculate the raw cost for transactions. For example, for cost transactions, the application determines a cost rate for each transaction and calculates the raw cost during transaction costing, unless you import the raw cost for transactions.

How Nonlabor Cost Rates Are Determined

Oracle Fusion Projects applies the following rules to determine the cost rate for each transaction.

1. The application uses an organization costing rule to determine the nonlabor cost rate schedule, using the following logic. At each level, the application searches for a rule with a date range that includes the transaction date.

   1. Organization costing rule for the expenditure organization.

      The application searches for an active costing rule assigned to the organization of the transaction on the date of the transaction.

   2. Organization costing rule for the parent expenditure organization.

      If an organization costing rule for the expenditure organization is not found, the application searches for a rule assigned to the parent organization of the expenditure organization, and continues up the project expenditure organization hierarchy until a rule is found.

      You specify the project expenditure organization hierarchy for the business unit during implementation. If an organization has multiple parent organizations, and a rule is assigned to more than one parent, the application uses the rule assigned to the lowest level parent organization.

   3. Organization costing rule for the business unit.

      If no costing rule is found for the expenditure organization and parent organization, the application uses the costing rule assigned to the business unit for the transaction.

2. The application uses the nonlabor rate schedule and then applies the cost rate that is associated with the unique combination of expenditure type, nonlabor resource, and nonlabor resource organization.

3. If a cost rate does not exist for the combination of expenditure type, nonlabor resource, and nonlabor resource organization, then the application uses the cost rate for the expenditure type and nonlabor resource combination that is applicable to all nonlabor resource organizations to which the nonlabor resource belongs.

   Note

   This rule applies to cost transactions only. For billing and planning transactions, you can either not use a nonlabor resource organization, or map the nonlabor resource organization to the organization that maintains the rate schedule.

4. If a cost rate does not exist for the combination of expenditure type and nonlabor resource, then the application uses then the applications uses the cost rate defined for the expenditure type.

If a rate is not found at any of these levels, then an error is generated for the transaction.

Turning Equipment into Nonlabor Resources: Example

This example illustrates setting up assets as nonlabor resources.

Scenario

You are asked to set up nonlabor resources and assign them to the appropriate organizations for the InFusion Corporation.

Defining Nonlabor Resources

InFusion Corporation wants to capture costs for computer equipment, vehicles, survey equipment, and other assets.

In this example, assume that expenditure types and organizations are already set up, which are prerequisites of defining nonlabor resources.

The Other Assets expenditure type is assigned to all divisions. This nonlabor resource captures miscellaneous items.

Analysis

To define a nonlabor resource, you specify a name and description of each asset, such as a piece of equipment or pool of assets, and a date range during which the resource can be used.

For each nonlabor resource, you must choose an expenditure type with the Usage expenditure type class. Every usage item that you charge to a project must specify the nonlabor resource utilized and the nonlabor resource organization that owns the resource. You can select organizations that are classified as project and task owning organizations or project expenditure organizations.

A nonlabor resource may be a piece of equipment with capacity that is consumed, such as a training room, or equipment with physical output that is consumed, such as a copier. Enable the Equipment resource class to plan and report nonlabor resources as equipment with capacity that is consumed.

Nonlabor Resource Details

The following table shows the nonlabor resources for InFusion Corporation.

FAQs for Manage Nonlabor Resources

What's a nonlabor resource?

An asset or a pool of assets. For example, a nonlabor resource may be a piece of equipment with capacity that is consumed, such as a training room, or equipment with physical output that is consumed, such as a copier.

What's a nonlabor resource organization?

The organization to which a nonlabor resource is assigned. For example, a nonlabor resource named Survey may represent a piece of survey equipment that is assigned to the Engineering organization, and a nonlabor resource named PC may represent a pool of personal computers that are assigned to the Information Services, Finance, and Engineering organizations.

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