Capability Metrics List

The following table lists and defines the statistics shown in Capability Metrics view and indicates whether each statistic is displayed for long-term or short-term data. There is a "y" if it is displayed and an "n" if it does not display. For a discussion of the equations used to calculate each of these statistics, see the online Oracle Crystal Ball Statistical Guide.

Z scores are typically reported only for normal data. Crystal Ball always displays Z scores. It is up to the user to determine if the values are appropriate.

Table 11. Capability Statistics Calculated by Crystal Ball  

Metric

Long-term

Short-term

Description

Mean

y

y

Mean of the forecast values

Standard deviation

y

y

Standard deviation of the forecast values

Cp

n

y

Short-term capability index indicating what quality level the forecast output is potentially capable of producing. It is defined as the ratio of the specification width to the forecast width. If a Cp is equal to or greater than 1, then a short-term 3-sigma quality level is possible.

Pp

y

n

Long-term capability index indicating what quality level the forecast output is potentially capable of producing. It is defined as the ratio of the specification width to the forecast width. If a Cp is equal to or greater than 1, then a long-term 3-sigma quality level is possible.

Cpk-lower

n

y

One-sided short-term capability index; for normally distributed forecasts, the ratio of the difference between the forecast mean and lower specification limit over three times the forecast short-term standard deviation; often used to calculate process capability indices with only a lower specification limit.

Ppk-lower

y

n

One-sided long-term capability index; for normally distributed forecasts, the ratio of the difference between the forecast mean and lower specification limit over three times the forecast long-term standard deviation; often used to calculate process capability indices with only a lower specification limit.

Cpk-upper

n

y

One-sided short-term capability index; for normally distributed forecasts, the ratio of the difference between the forecast mean and upper specification limit over three times the forecast short-term standard deviation; often used to calculate process capability indices with only an upper specification limit.

Ppk-upper

y

n

One-sided long-term capability index; for normally distributed forecasts, the ratio of the difference between the forecast mean and upper specification limit over three times the forecast long-term standard deviation; often used to calculate process capability indices with only an upper specification limit.

Cpk

n

y

Short-term capability index (minimum of calculated Cpk-lower and Cpk-upper) that takes into account the centering of the forecast with respect to the midpoint of the specified limits; a Cpk equal to or greater than 1 indicates a quality level of 3 sigmas or better.

Ppk

y

n

Long-term capability index (minimum of calculated Ppk-lower and Ppk-upper) that takes into account the centering of the forecast with respect to the midpoint of the specified limits; a Ppk equal to or greater than 1 indicates a quality level of 3 sigmas or better.

Cpm

n

y

Short-term Taguchi capability index; similar to Cpk but considers a target value, which may not necessarily be centered between the upper and lower specification limits.

Ppm

y

n

Long-term Taguchi capability index; similar to Ppk but considers a target value, which may not necessarily be centered between the upper and lower specification limits.

Z-LSL

y

y

The number of standard deviations between the forecast mean and the lower specification limit.

Z-USL

y

y

The number of standard deviations between the forecast mean and the upper specification limit.

Zst

y

n

For short-term metrics when only one specification limit is defined, equal to Z-LSL if there is only a lower specification limit or Z-USL if there is only an upper specification limit.

Zst-total

n

y

For short-term metrics when both specification limits are defined, the number of standard deviations between the short-term forecast mean and the lower boundary of combining all defects onto the upper tail of the normal curve. Also equal to Zlt-total plus the Z-score shift value if a long-term index is available.

Zlt

n

y

For long-term metrics when only one specification limit is defined, equal to Z-LSL if there is only a lower specification limit or Z-USL if there is only an upper specification limit.

Zlt-total

y

n

For long-term metrics when both specification limits are defined, the number of standard deviations between the long-term forecast mean and the lower boundary of combining all defects onto the upper tail of the normal curve. Also equal to Zst-total minus the Z-score shift value if a short-term index is available.

p(N/C)-below

y

y

Probability of a defect below the lower specification limit; DPUBELOW

p(N/C)-above

y

y

Probability of a defect above the upper specification limit; DPUABOVE

p(N/C)-total

y

y

Probability of a defect outside the lower and upper specification limits; DPUTOTAL

PPM-below

y

y

Defects below the lower specification limit, per million units

PPM-above

y

y

Defects above the upper specification limit, per million units

PPM-total

y

y

Defects outside both specification limits, per million units

LSL

y

y

Lower specification limit, the lowest acceptable value of a forecast involved in process capability, or quality, analysis.

USL

y

y

Upper specification limit, the highest acceptable value of a forecast involved in process capability analysis.

Target

y

y

The ideal target value of a forecast involved in process capability analysis.

Z-score shift

y

y

An optional shift value to use when calculating long-term capability metrics. The default, set in the Capability Options panel, is 1.5.