Oracle® Fusion Middleware Mobile Browser Developer's Guide for Oracle Application Development Framework 11g Release 1 (11.1.1.7.2) Part Number E10140-08 |
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PDF · Mobi · ePub |
This chapter describes skinning for ADF Mobile browser applications.
This chapter includes the following sections:
Skinning enables a page to display consistently on a variety of devices through the automatic delivery of device-dependent style sheets. These style sheets enable the optimal display of pages that share the same page definitions on various mobile browsers. Within these style sheets, which enable you to set the look and feel of an application, you not only tailor a component to a specific browser by setting its size, location, and appearance, but you also specify the types of browsers on which components can be displayed (or hidden). For more information, see Section 4.2, "Implementing ADF Mobile Browser Skinning." For examples of how to use skinning, see Section 4.3, "Example iPhone Components," which includes an example of an iPhone skin. You can apply a similar style sheet to other mobile browsers, such as BlackBerry, Windows Mobile 6, and Nokia S60. Sample implementations are available from Oracle Technology Network (http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/index.html
).
Note:
Browsers must support the Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) syntax. Also, styling features that are specific to certain browsers may require methods other than style sheet customization.
To create a skin, refer to Apache Trinidad Skinning in the Development Guidelines for Apache MyFaces Trinidad (http://myfaces.apache.org/trinidad/devguide/skinning.html
) which includes descriptions on how to:
Create a skin. This includes creating the trinidad-skins.xml
file within the WEB-INF node of the ADF Mobile browser view project, as shown in Figure 4-1.
Create style sheets (the .css
files).
Set the skin family in the trinidad-config.xml
file (located in the WEB-INF node).
For ADF Mobile browser, you implement skinning by performing the following tasks:
Within the trinidad-config.xml
file, define the <skin-family>
tag with the EL (Expression Language) expression, #{requestContext.agent.skinFamilyType}
, that returns the skin family type of the browser. See Section 7.2.1.1, "Determining the Skin Type."
Specify the renderkit and style sheet in the trinidad-skins.xml
file.
Include the CSS files within the ADF Mobile browser view project. This location is typically a subdirectory of the ADF Mobile browser view project's public_html
directory, such as JDeveloper\mywork\
Application
\
ADF Mobile Application view project
\public_html\css.
Example 4-1 illustrates adding the <skin-family>
tag within the <trinidad-config>
element. This element includes an EL expression that evaluates to the string that returns the skin family type of the browser.
After you create the skin, you can switch between the default skin and another skin (such as an iPhone skin, as illustrated in Example 4-2), using the <skin-family>
element in the trinidad-config.xml
file. As shown in Figure 4-1, this file, which results from the creation of the JSP page, is located within the WEB-INF node. Use this file to set the default skins for an application. To switch between the default skin and an alternate skin, use Expression Language (EL).
To enable switching between skins:
Open the Trinidad-config.xml
file.
Define the EL expression in the <skin-family>
element as illustrated in Example 4-2, which shows switching between the default (minimal
) and the iPhone skins (iPhoneWebkit
).
Save the file. See also Section 7.2.1.1, "Determining the Skin Type."
Define the <skin>
tags that specify the render-kit ID and style-sheet-name (which are org.apache.myfaces.trinidad.desktop
and iPhone/iPhone.css
, respectively, in Example 4-3) for browser types identified in the <family>
element. The value defined for this element is the string resulting from the EL expression in the <skin-family>
tag in trinidad-config.xml
(illustrated in Example 4-1). See also Section 7.2.1.1, "Determining the Skin Type."
Example 4-3 Defining the Skins
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <skins xmlns="http://myfaces.apache.org/trinidad/skin"> <skin> <id>iphone</id> <family>iPhonewebkit</family> <render-kit-id>org.apache.myfaces.trinidad.desktop</render-kit-id> <style-sheet-name> iPhone/iPhone.css </style-sheet-name> </skin> <skin> <id>symbian</id> <family>nokiawebkit</family> <render-kit-id>org.apache.myfaces.trinidad.desktop</render-kit-id> <style-sheet-name> symbian/symbian.css </style-sheet-name> </skin> <skin> <id>windowsMobile</id> <family>windowsmobile</family> <render-kit-id>org.apache.myfaces.trinidad.pda</render-kit-id> <style-sheet-name> windowsMobile/windowsMobile.css </style-sheet-name> </skin> <skin>
CSS 3.0 features enable an ADF Mobile browser application to have the same look and feel as a native iPhone application. By creating a new skin in Trinidad for iPhone, you can include iPhone-specific components. Examples of these components include:
header
navigation panel
field set
These components illustrate how to apply the style classes using the styleClass
attribute.
The backButton
, toolBar
, toolBar > h1
, and button
style classes used with the <tr:panelHeader>
and <tr:commandLink>
components set the appearance of the Header, as illustrated in Figure 4-2.
Table 4-1 lists the tags used to build headers, the style classes defined for them, and the layout effects of these classes.
Table 4-1 Header Component Classes
Tag | Style Class | Layout Effects |
---|---|---|
|
Sets the height, width, border, and background of the header. |
|
|
Sets the width, height, color, and position of the back button in the header. |
|
|
Sets the width, height, color, and position of the button in the header. |
toolbar
Example 4-4 illustrates the toolbar
style class selector, which sets the height, width, border, and background for the header.
Example 4-4 The toolbar Style Class Selector
.toolbar { box-sizing: border-box !important; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box !important; -moz-box-sizing: border-box !important; border-bottom: 1px solid #2d3642 !important; border-top: 1px solid #000000 !important; padding: 10px !important; height: 45px !important; background: url(/images/toolbar.png) #6d84a2 repeat-x !important; display: block !important; }
toolbar > h1
Example 4-5 illustrates the toolbar > h1
style class selector, which sets the height, width, font size, and style of the toolbar title.
Example 4-5 The toolbar > h1 Style Class Selector
.toolbar > h1 { position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; left: 50% !important; margin: 1px 0 0 -75px !important; height: 45px !important; font-size: 20px !important; width: 150px !important; font-weight: bold !important; text-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 0px -1px 0 !important; text-align: center !important; text-overflow: ellipsis !important; white-space: nowrap !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border-bottom: none !important; }
button
Example 4-6 illustrates the button
style class selector, which sets the width, height, color, and position of a button in the header.
Example 4-6 The button Style Class Selector
.button { position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; top: 8px !important; right: 6px !important; margin: 0 !important; border-width: 0 5px !important; padding: 0 3px !important; width: auto !important; height: 30px !important; line-height: 30px !important; font-family: inherit !important; font-size: 12px !important; font-weight: bold !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; text-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) 0px -1px 0 !important; text-overflow: ellipsis !important; text-decoration: none !important; white-space: nowrap !important; background: none !important; -webkit-border-image: url(/images/toolButton.png) 0 5 0 5 !important; }
backButton
Example 4-7 illustrates the backbutton
style class selector, which sets the width, height, color, and position of the back button in the header.
Example 4-7 The backbutton Style Class Selector
.backButton { position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; top: 8px !important; left: 6px !important; margin: 0 !important; height: 30px !important; max-width: 45px !important; line-height: 30px !important; font-family: inherit !important; font-size: 12px !important; font-weight: bold !important; color: #FFFFFF !important !important; text-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) 0px -1px 0 !important; text-overflow: ellipsis !important; text-decoration: none !important; white-space: nowrap !important; background: none !important; -webkit-border-image: url(/images/toolButton.png) 0 5 0 5 !important; padding: 0 !important; border-width: 0 8px 0 14px !important; -webkit-border-image: url(/images/backButton.png) 0 8 0 14 !important; }
Example 4-8 illustrates how to define the styleClass
attribute to create the header components.
There are two style classes that define the navigation panel:
For static lists, use the Panel List
style class. This style class displays a simple list of navigation items. It sets the width, position, and height of this list.
For dynamic lists, use the Table List
style class.
You define the Panel List
style class within a <tr:panelList>
component, using <tr:commandLink>
tags for each navigation item as illustrated in Example 4-9.
Example 4-9 Defining a Static List of Navigation Items
<tr:panelList styleClass="panelList"> <tr:commandLink text="commandLink 1"/> <tr:commandLink text="commandLink 2"/> <tr:commandLink text="commandLink 3"/> </tr:panelList>
Many CSS features are applied by default on this component when using expressions similar to the ones listed in Table 4-2.
Table 4-2 CSS Expressions
CSS Expression | Layout Effect |
---|---|
Sets the width, position, and height of the list. |
|
Sets the position and border at the bottom for each item in the list. |
|
Sets the margin, font size, height, and background for each navigation item defined within the |
Figure 4-3 illustrates the expressions described in Table 4-2.
panelList ul
Example 4-10 illustrates the panelList ul
style class selector, which sets the width, position, and height of the list.
Example 4-10 The panelList ul Style Class Selector
.panelList ul { position: absolute !important; margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; left: 0 !important; top : 45px !important; width: 100% !important; min-height: 372px !important; }
panelList ul > li
Example 4-11 illustrates the panelList ul > li
style class selector, which sets the position and border at the bottom for each item in the list.
Example 4-11 The panelList ul > li Style Class Selector
.panelList ul > li { position:relative !important; margin:0 !important; border-bottom:1px solid #E0E0E0 !important; padding:8px 0 8px 10px !important; list-style:none !important }
panelList ul > li > a
Example 4-12 illustrates the panelList ul > li > a
style class selector, which sets the margin, font size, height, and background for each navigation item.
Example 4-12 The panelList ul > li > a Style Class Selector
.panelList ul > li > a { display:block !important; margin:-8px 0 -8px -10px !important; padding:8px 32px 8px 10px !important; text-decoration:none !important; color:inherit !important; background:url(/images/listArrow.png) no-repeat right center !important; min-height:34px !important; font-size:20px; font-weight:bold; }
The Table List
component enables you to build dynamic tables, such as a table that includes a list of dynamic links, as illustrated by Example 4-13. Because the Table List
component is, in fact, a table, it includes built-in navigation. Unlike Panel List
, the Table List
includes style classes for including images and detailed descriptions below the navigation items, as shown in Figure 4-4.
Example 4-13 Building a List of Dynamic Links
<tr:table value="#{bindings.EmployeesView15.collectionModel}" var="row" rows="7" width="100%" styleClass = "iphoneTable" emptyText="#{bindings.EmployeesView15.viewable ? 'No rows yet.' :" id="mainTable" horizontalGridVisible="false"> <tr:column > <tr:panelGroupLayout layout="vertical" styleClass="listing"> <tr:outputText value="#{row.bindings.PhoneNumber.inputValue}" styleClass="listingDetails"/> <tr:commandLink text="#{row.bindings.LastName.inputValue} , #{row.bindings.FirstName.inputValue}" styleClass="listingLink" partialSubmit="true" actionListener = "#{agentUtil.gotoPage2}" id="myLink1" disabled="#{!bindings.Execute.enabled}" onclick='iPhone.slideFragments("page2", "page1")'> </tr:commandLink> <tr:image styleClass="listingImage" source="/images/326425649.png"/> </tr:panelGroupLayout> </tr:column> </tr:table>
To create a table of dynamic links:
Create a Trinidad read-only table from a data control.
Set the styleClass
attribute for the table as iphoneTable
.
The expressions listed in Table 4-3 apply the iPhone-related CSS properties when you set the styleClass
as iPhoneTable
.
Table 4-3 CSS Expression
Expression | Layout Effects |
---|---|
|
Sets the background color for the table content. It overrides the table's default outer-border style to none. |
|
Sets the background color for the table controller (pagination). |
|
Sets the background color of the column. |
Set the width of the table to 100.
Set the horizontalGridVisible
attribute to false
.
Note:
There must be only one column within the <tr:table>
tag. Within this column, all tags must be wrapped by a <tr:panelGroupLayout>
component with a styleClass
set as listing
.
Table 4-4 lists the style classes for the subelements of the <column>
tag.
Table 4-4 Table Listing Style Classes
Element | Style Class | Layout Effects |
---|---|---|
|
Sets the position and the border for each row. |
|
|
Sets the width, position, and height of the image. |
|
|
Sets the position, height, font size, text alignment, background image, and color of the navigation item. |
|
|
Sets the position, height, font size, text alignment, background image, and color of the navigation description. |
listing
Example 4-14 illustrates the listing
style class selector, which sets the position and the border for each row.
Example 4-14 The listing Style Class Selector
.listing { position: relative !important; margin: 0 !important; border-bottom: 1px solid #E0E0E0 !important; padding: 8px 0 8px 10px !important; font-size: 20px !important; font-weight: bold !important; list-style: none !important; }
listingLink
Example 4-15 illustrates the listingLink
style class selector, which sets the width, position, and height of the image.
Example 4-15 The listingLink Style Class Selector
.listingLink { display: block !important; margin: -8px 0 -8px -10px !important; padding: 8px 32px 8px 10px !important; text-decoration: none !important; color: inherit !important; background: url(/images/listArrow.png) no-repeat right center !important ; padding-left: 54px !important; padding-right: 40px !important; min-height: 34px !important; font-size: 20px !important; font-weight: bold !important; }
listingDetails
Example 4-16 illustrates the listingDetails
style class selector, which sets the position, height, font size, text alignment, background image, and color of the navigation item.
Example 4-16 The listingDetails Style Class Selector
.listingDetails { display: block !important; position: absolute !important; margin: 0 !important; left: 54px !important; top: 27px !important; text-align: left !important; font-size: 12px !important; font-weight: normal !important; color: #666666 !important; text-decoration: none !important; height: 13px !important; padding: 3px 0 0 0 !important; }
listingImage
Example 4-17 illustrates the listingImage
style class selector, which sets the position, height, font size, text alignment, background image, and color of the navigation description.
On the destination page, this component displays the detail of an item selected through panel navigation. As illustrated in Figure 4-5, these details include salary, phone numbers, and a hire date for a selected employee.
This destination page (comprised of field set components) contains one or more rows, where each row contains a label or a message (which can be either simple text or another navigation item). As illustrated in Example 4-18, you use the <div>
tags to create these rows. The <div>
tags are subelements of a <tr:panelCaptionGroup>
component.
Example 4-18 Creating a Field Set
<div class="panelBase"> <tr:panelCaptionGroup> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="#{agentUtil.name}" truncateAt="0"/> <tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" value="#{sessionScope.FirstName}" /> </div> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Last Name"/> <tr:commandLink text="#{sessionScope.LastName}" styleClass="messageLink" partialSubmit="true" id="myLink2" actionListener="#{agentUtil.gotoPage3}" onclick='iPhone.slideFragments("page3",page2");'/> </div> </tr:panelCaptionGroup> <tr:panelCaptionGroup> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Email"/> <tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" value="#{bindings.LastName}@oracle.com"/> </div> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Salary"/> <tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" }" value="#{sessionScope.Salary}"/> </div> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Phone" truncateAt="5"/> <tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" value="#{sessionScope.PhoneId}"/> </div> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Hired" truncateAt="7"/> <tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" value="#{sessionScope.HireDate}"/> </div> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Phone" truncateAt="5"/> <tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" value="#{sessionScope.PhoneId}"/> </div> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Hired" truncateAt="7"/> <tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" value="#{sessionScope.HireDate}"/> </div> <div class="row"> <tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Hired" truncateAt="7"/> <tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" value="#{sessionScope.HireDate}"/> </div> </tr:panelCaptionGroup> </div>
To create field set components:
Insert as many <div>
tags as needed within a <tr:panelCaptionGroup>
component, as illustrated in Example 4-18.
To create rows, define each <div>
tag with the row class attribute. For example:
<div class="row">
The row
attribute sets the position, height, and border for each row.
Within each <div>
tag, create a label element as follows:
Create a <tr:outputText>
tag.
Set the position, width, font, and color of the label element by defining the StyleClass
as labeltext.
For example:
<tr:outputText styleClass="labeltext" value="Phone" truncateAt="5"/>
Create a message element using either the <tr:outputText>
tag or the <tr:commandLink>
component as follows:
The <tr:outputText>
component with styleClass
set as messageText
. For example:
<tr:outputText styleClass="messageText" value="#{sessionScope.PhoneId}"/>
The messageText style class sets the position, width, font, and color for the label element.
Example 4-19 illustrates the <tr:commandLink>
component with styleClass
set as messageLink
.
Example 4-19 Setting the styleClass Attribute as messageLink
<tr:commandLink text="#{sessionScope.LastName}" styleClass="messageLink" partialSubmit="true" id="myLink2" actionListener="#{agentUtil.gotoPage3}" onclick='iPhone.slideFragments("page3", "page2");'/>
The messageLink element sets the position, width, font, height, and color for the message element.
For a panel base background, wrap the <div>
tags with the panelBase class attribute (illustrated in Example 4-18).
Note:
The panelBase fieldset class sets rounded edges. The fieldset
element is added by the renderer for the <tr:panelCaptionGroup>
component.
This section lists the style classes for field set components and their layout properties.
labeltext
Example 4-19 illustrates the labeltext
style class selector, which sets the position, width, font, and color of the label element.
Example 4-20 The labeltext Style Class Selector
.labeltext { position: absolute !important; margin: 0 0 0 14px !important; line-height: 42px !important; font-weight: bold !important; color: #7388a5 !important; text-align: right !important; width: 90px !important; white-space: nowrap !important; }
messageText
Example 4-21 illustrates the messageText
style class selector, which sets the position, width, font, and color for the message element.
Example 4-21 The messageText Style Class Selector
.messageText { display: block !important; margin: 0 !important; border: none !important; padding: 12px 10px 0 110px !important; text-align: left !important; font-weight: bold !important; text-decoration: inherit !important; height: 42px !important; color: inherit !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box !important; }
messageLink
Example 4-22 illustrates the messageLink
style class selector, which sets the position, width, font, and color for of the message link element.
Example 4-22 The messageLink Style Class Selector
.messageLink { display: block !important; text-align: left !important; text-decoration: none !important; color: inherit !important; background: url(/images/listArrow.png) no-repeat right center !important ; padding-top: 12px !important; padding-left: 111px !important; padding-right: 40px !important; min-height: 34px !important; font-size: 16px !important; font-weight: bold !important; }
panelBase
Example 4-23 illustrates the panelBase
style class selector, which sets the background of the panel base.
Example 4-23 The panelBase Style Class Selector
.panelBase { box-sizing: border-box !important; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box !important; padding: 10px !important; background: #c8c8c8 url(/images/pinstripes.png) !important; }
panelBase fieldset
Example 4-24 illustrates the panelBase fieldset
style class selector, which sets rounded edges. The <fieldSet>
element is rendered by the renderer for the <tr:panelCaptionGroup>
component.
Example 4-24 The panelBase fieldset Style Class Selector
.panelBase fieldset { position: relative; margin: 0 0 20px 0; padding: 0; background: #FFFFFF; -webkit-border-radius: 10px; border: 1px solid #999999; text-align: right; font-size: 16px; }
row
Example 4-25 illustrates the row
style class selector, which sets the position, height, and border for each row.
Example 4-25 The row Style Class Selector
.row { position: relative !important; min-height: 42px !important; border-top: 1px solid #999999 !important; -webkit-border-radius: 0 !important; text-align: right !important; }
row:first-child
Example 4-26 illustrates the row:first-child
style class selector.
Although you apply most of the CSS classes to specific components using the styleClass
attribute (as illustrated in Example 4-8) manually, some CSS features are applied by default when you use the iPhone skin.