To include the locale in the URL, add the locale as a value of the doAsUserLanguageId parameter.
For example, to include the locale in a deep linking URL:
http://localhost:8080/web/myapp/my-page?doAsUserLanguageId=zh_CN&deeplink=[{"default":{queryFunctions:[{"class":"RefinementFilter","attributeValue":"1997", "attributeKey":"Vintage"}]}}]
If the locale provided is not supported, then Studio reverts to the default locale.