Glossary

A

AC

Alternating Current

Application Context

Area Code

Authentication Center

ALM

Alarm Card

API

Application Programming Interface

An interface with commands, possibly routines and/or macros, provided by an operating system or an add-on for an operating system (that support network use, for example). Application programs can use this interface to tell the operating system to perform specific actions.

AS

Action Set

Application Server

A logical entity serving a specific Routing Key. An example of an Application Server is a virtual switch element handling all call processing for a unique range of PSTN trunks, identified by an SS7 DPC/OPC/CIC_range. Another example is a virtual database element, handling all HLR transactions for a particular SS7 DPC/OPC/SCCP_SSN combination. The AS contains a set of one or more unique Application Server Processes, of which one or more normally is actively processing traffic.

Application Server

A logical entity that hosts and executes services in an IMS network, interfacing through SIP or a similar protocol.

Application Simulator

Test tool that can simulate applications and/or SMSCs.

Authentication Server

Authentification servers provide public access to certificates, and are integrated with electronic information retrieval systems to this end. Free access to certificates is necessary to support authentication in open systems.

Association

An association refers to an SCTP association. The association provides the transport for protocol data units and adaptation layer peer messages.

B

BDD

Bulk Data Download

C

CA

Canada (NPAC Region)

Conditioning Action

NPP CAs indicate what digit conditioning actions to execute when processing a digit string.

Certificate Authority: An entity that issues digital certificates

CLLI

Common Language Location Identifier

The CLLI uniquely identifies the STP in terms of its physical location. It is usually comprised of a combination of identifiers for the STP’s city (or locality), state (or province), building, and traffic unit identity. The format of the CLLI is:

CMIP

Common Management Information Protocol

CMISE

Common Management Information Service Element

CMOS

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

CMOS semiconductors use both NMOS (negative polarity) and PMOS (positive polarity) circuits. Since only one of the circuit types is on at any given time, CMOS chips require less power than chips using just one type of transistor.

Command Class

A set of EAGLE commands that can be assigned to an EAGLE user or to a terminal port of the EAGLE. Command classes are assigned to a user to control the EAGLE commands that user can execute. Command classes are assigned to a terminal port to control the EAGLE commands that can be executed from a particular terminal.

CPU

Central Processing Unit

D

daemon

A process that runs in the background (rather than under the direct control of a user) and performs a specified operation at predefined times or in response to certain events. Generally speaking, daemons are assigned names that end with the letter "d.” For example, sentryd is the daemon that runs the Sentry utility.

Database

All data that can be administered by the user, including cards, destination point codes, gateway screening tables, global title translation tables, links, LNP services, LNP service providers, location routing numbers, routes, shelves, subsystem applications, and 10-digit telephone numbers.

DB

Database

Daughter Board

Documentation Bulletin

Data bus

DC

Direct Current

Data Collection

DD

Detailed Design

DNS

Domain Name Services

Domain Name System

A system for converting Internet host and domain names into IP addresses.

DO

Derived Object

E

E5-APP-B

The E5-APP-B card is a complete application server platform designed to operate within a heavy duty EAGLE shelf. An E5-APP-B card consists of the card, a microprocessor, 8 GB RAM, and two removable drive modules with an operating system and an application, such as EPAP, loaded.

EBDA

Enhanced Bulk Download and Audit

EDR

Efficient Data Representation

Enhanced Data Representation

EMS

Element Management System

The EMS feature consolidates real-time element management at a single point in the signaling network to reduce ongoing operational expenses and network downtime and provide a higher quality of customer service.

F

FRU

Field Replaceable Unit

A circuit board or part that can be quickly and easily removed and replaced by the user or by a technician without having to send the entire product or system to a repair facility.

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

A client-server protocol that allows a user on one computer to transfer files to and from another computer over a TCP/IP network.

Feature Test Plan

G

GMT

Greenwich Mean Time

GPL

Generic Program Load

Software that allows the various features in the system to work. GPLs and applications are not the same software.

GTT

Global Title Translation

A feature of the signaling connection control part (SCCP) of the SS7 protocol that the EAGLE uses to determine which service database to send the query message when an MSU enters the EAGLE and more information is needed to route the MSU. These service databases also verify calling card numbers and credit card numbers. The service databases are identified in the SS7 network by a point code and a subsystem number.

GUI

Graphical User Interface

The term given to that set of items and facilities which provides you with a graphic means for manipulating screen data rather than being limited to character based commands.

H

HA

High Availability

High Availability refers to a system or component that operates on a continuous basis by utilizing redundant connectivity, thereby circumventing unplanned outages.

HSOP

High Speed Operation Protocol

I

ID

Identity

Identifier

Internet Protocol

See IP.

IP

Intelligent Peripheral

Internet Protocol - IP specifies the format of packets, also called datagrams, and the addressing scheme. The network layer for the TCP/IP protocol suite widely used on Ethernet networks, defined in STD 5, RFC 791. IP is a connectionless, best-effort packet switching protocol. It provides packet routing, fragmentation and re-assembly through the data link layer.

IP Address

The location of a device on a TCP/IP network. The IP Address is either a number in dotted decimal notation which looks something like (IPv4), or a 128-bit hexadecimal string such as (IPv6).

L

LED

Light Emitting Diode

An electrical device that glows a particular color when a specified voltage is applied to it.

LNP

Local Number Portability

The ability of subscribers to switch local or wireless carriers and still retain the same phone number.

LRN

Location Routing Number

A 10-digit number in a database called a Service Control Point (SCP) that identifies a switching port for a local telephone exchange. LRN is a technique for providing Local Number Portability.

LSMS

Local Service Management System

An interface between the Number Portability Administration Center (NPAC) and the LNP service databases. The LSMS receives LNP data from the NPAC and downloads that data to the service databases. LNP data can be entered into the LSMS database. The data can then be downloaded to the LNP service databases and to the NPAC.

M

MA

Mated Application

Management Agent

MIB

Management Information Database

A database of network management information that is used and maintained by the SNMP protocol.

MPS

Multi-Purpose Server

The Multi-Purpose Server provides database/reload functionality and a variety of high capacity/high speed offboard database functions for applications. The MPS resides in the General Purpose Frame.

Messages Per Second

A measure of a message processor’s performance capacity. A message is any Diameter message (Request or Answer) which is received and processed by a message processor.

N

NANC

North American Numbering Council

NAS

Network Access Server

A single point of access or gateway to a remote resource. NAS systems are usually associated with AAA servers.

NE

Network Element

An independent and identifiable piece of equipment closely associated with at least one processor, and within a single location.

In a 2-Tiered DSR OAM system, this includes the NOAM and all MPs underneath it. In a 3-Tiered DSR OAM system, this includes the NOAM, the SOAM, and all MPs associated with the SOAM.

The devices, servers, or functions within a wireless network with which Policy Management systems interact.

Network Entity

NMS

Network Management System

An NMS is typically a standalone device, such as a workstation, that serves as an interface through which a human network manager can monitor and control the network. The NMS usually has a set of management applications (for example, data analysis and fault recovery applications).

NPA

Number Plan Area

The North American “Area Codes.” (3 digits: 2- to-9, 0 or 1, 0-to-9. Middle digit to expand soon).

NPAC

Number Portability Administration Center

This center administers the Service Management System (SMS) regional database, managed by an independent third party, to store all Local Number Portability data, including the status of a ported telephone number, the current service provider and the owner of the telephone number.

NPB

Numbering Pool Block

NSAP

Network Service Access Point

NTP

Network Time Protocol

NXX

Central Office Exchange Code

O

OSI

Open System Interconnection

The International Standards Organization (ISO) seven layer model showing how data communications systems can be interconnected. The seven layers, from lowest to highest are:

  1. Physical layer
  2. Datalink layer
  3. Network layer
  4. Transport layer
  5. Session layer
  6. Presentation layer
  7. Application layer

P

PC

Point Code

The identifier of a signaling point or service control point in a network. The format of the point code can be one of the following types:

PCI

Peripheral Component Interface

Point Code International

Protocol Control Information

Peripheral Component Interconnect

PDU

Protocol Data Unit

PID

Password ID

Process ID

Protocol ID

PSEL

Presentation Selector

R

RAID

Redundant Array of Independent Disks

A group of disks presented to clients as one or more large virtual disks, with accesses coordinated among multiple disks concurrently to increase performance, reliability, or both.

RAM

Random Access Memory

A type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes.

RJ

Registered Jack

RMTP

Reliable Multicast Transport Protocol

S

SA

Security Administration

Service Action

Indicates what service-specific behaviors to execute when processing a digit string.

SAA

Server Assignment Answer (Diameter Cx)

SAM

Subsequent Address Message

SE

South East

Secure Shell

See SSH.

Simple Network Management Protocol

See SNMP.

SMS

Short Message Service

A communication service component of the GSM mobile communication system that uses standard communications protocols to exchange short text messages between mobile phone devices. See also GSM.

Shared Metric Service

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol.

An industry-wide standard protocol used for network management. The SNMP agent maintains data variables that represent aspects of the network. These variables are called managed objects and are stored in a management information base (MIB). The SNMP protocol arranges managed objects into groups.

SP

Service Provider

Signaling Point

A set of signaling equipment represented by a unique point code within an SS7 domain.

SPID

Service Provider ID

SSH

Secure Shell

A protocol for secure remote login and other network services over an insecure network. SSH encrypts and authenticates all EAGLE IPUI and MCP traffic, incoming and outgoing (including passwords) to effectively eliminate eavesdropping, connection hijacking, and other network-level attacks.

SSL

Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is an industry standard protocol for clients needing to establish secure (TCP-based) SSL-enabled network connections

SV

Subscription Version

SW

Software

Switch

T

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TKLC

Tekelec

TN

Telephone Number

A 10-digit ported telephone number.

TPD

Tekelec Platform Development

The Oracle Communications Tekelec Platform (TPD) is a standard Linux-based operating system packaged and distributed by Oracle. TPD provides value-added features for managing installations and upgrades, diagnostics, integration of 3rd party software (open and closed source), build tools, and server management tools.

U

UDP

User Datagram Protocol

V

VIP

Virtual IP Address

Virtual IP is a layer-3 concept employed to provide HA at a host level. A VIP enables two or more IP hosts to operate in an active/standby HA manner. From the perspective of the IP network, these IP hosts appear as a single host.

W

WAN

Wide Area Network

A network that covers a larger geographical area than a LAN or a MAN.

WC

West Coast

WE

Western

X

XML

eXtensible Markup Language

A version of the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) that allows Web developers to create customized tags for additional functionality.