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Automatic Call Gapping
An element of the EAGLE LNP that controls the rate that location routing number (LRN) queries for a particular telephone number, or a portion of a telephone number, are received by the EAGLE LNP when a particular threshold is reached.
Application Communications Module
A card in EAGLE that provides a communications interface to a remote host across an Ethernet LAN.
Affected Point Code
The point code in subsystem-prohibited (SSP), subsystem-status-test (SST), and subsystem-allowed (SSA) SCCP management messages used by gateway screening to determine if the messages containing these point codes are allowed in to the network. This point code is in the SCMG Data (SCCP Management) portion of the signaling information field in the MSU.
Advanced Intelligent Network
A dynamic database used in Signaling System 7. It supports advanced features by dynamically processing the call based upon trigger points throughout the call handling process and feature components defined for the originating or terminating number.
AnalyzedInformation Query
Name for the local subsystem and service for the ANSI41 AIQ feature.
Application Interface Specification
The Service Availability Forum (SAF) specification that defines the interface between the applications and the high-available middleware.
Application Server
A logical entity serving a specific Routing Key. An example of an Application Server is a virtual switch element handling all call processing for a unique range of PSTN trunks, identified by an SS7 DPC/OPC/CIC_range. Another example is a virtual database element, handling all HLR transactions for a particular SS7 DPC/OPC/SCCP_SSN combination. The AS contains a set of one or more unique Application Server Processes, of which one or more normally is actively processing traffic.
Application Server
A logical entity that hosts and executes services in an IMS network, interfacing through SIP or a similar protocol.
Application Simulator
Test tool that can simulate applications and/or SMSCs.
Authentication Server
Authentification servers provide public access to certificates, and are integrated with electronic information retrieval systems to this end. Free access to certificates is necessary to support authentication in open systems.
Application Server Process
A process instance of an Application Server. An Application Server Process serves as an active or standby process of an Application Server (for example, part of a distributed virtual switch or database). Examples of ASPs are processes (or process instances of) MGCs, IP SCPs or IP HLRs. An ASP contains an SCTP end-point, and may be configured to process signaling traffic within more than one Application Server.
A packet-oriented transfer mode that uses an asynchronous time division multiplexing technique to multiplex information flow in fixed blocks, called cells.
A high-bandwidth, low-delay switching, and multiplexing technology to support applications that include high-speed data, local area network interconnection, multimedia application and imaging, and residential applications such as video telephony and other information-based services.
Building Integrated Timing System
The Building Integrated Timing System (BITS) clocks come directly from the central office BITS clock source or indirectly from an optional holdover clock installed in the system.
Bulk Load Module
A card that is provisioned with the EBDABLM GPL to support the bulk download feature. During LNP bulk download operations, the LNP database is downloaded to the card’s RAM.
The application for the ITU SS7 signaling links that is used with card types
SUA Connectionless Data Response
A message used for carrying SS7 UDTS/XUDTS messages.
SUA Connectionless Data Transfer
A message used for carrying SS7 UDT/XUDT messages.
Capability Point Code
A capability point code used by the SS7 protocol to identify a group of functionally related STPs in the signaling network.
Cyclic Redundancy Check
A number derived from, and stored or transmitted with, a block of data in order to detect corruption. By recalculating the CRC and comparing it to the value originally transmitted, the receiver can detect some types of transmission errors.
Database Communication Module
The DCM provides IP connectivity for applications. Connection to a host is achieved through an ethernet LAN using the TCP/IP protocol.
Data Link
TCP/IP Data Link.
Directory number
A DN can refer to any mobile or wireline subscriber number, and can include MSISDN, MDN, MIN, or the wireline Dialed Number.
Digital Signal Level-0 (64 Kbits/sec or 56 Kbits/sec)
A basic digital signaling rate of 64 Kbits/sec corresponding to the capacity of one voice-frequency-equivalent channel.
Digital Signal Level-1 (1.544Mbits/sec)
A widely used standard in telecommunications in North America and Japan to transmit voice and data between devices. The data transmitted over a physical T1 line.
Database Service Module.
The DSM provides large capacity SCCP/database functionality. The DSM is an application card that supports network specific functions such as EAGLE Application Processor (EPAP), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), EAGLE Local Number Portability (ELAP), and interface to Local Service Management System (LSMS).
Data Terminal Equipment
The equipment associated with the entering and retrieving data from a computer system or a data communications system. A video display terminal is an example of data terminal equipment.
Destination User Part Unavailable
An M3UA management message.
Enhanced Global Title Translation
A feature that is designed for the signaling connection control part (SCCP) of the SS7 protocol. The EAGLE uses this feature to determine to which service database to send the query message when a Message Signaling Unit (MSU) enters the system.
Equipment Identity Register
A network entity used in GSM networks, as defined in the 3GPP Specifications for mobile networks. The entity stores lists of International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) numbers, which correspond to physical handsets (not subscribers). Use of the EIR can prevent the use of stolen handsets because the network operator can enter the IMEI of these handsets into a 'blacklist' and prevent them from being registered on the network, thus making them useless.
EAGLE Local Number Portability Application Processor
The EAGLE LNP Application Processor (ELAP) platform provides capacity and performance required to support the ported number database.
Element Measurement and Data Collection Application
This application is used by the DCM card for CMIP/OSI measurement collection interface as defined by Telcordia GR-376.
Element Management System
The EMS feature consolidates real-time element management at a single point in the signaling network to reduce ongoing operational expenses and network downtime and provide a higher quality of customer service.
Enhanced Operation, Administration, and Maintenance
The application used by the GPSM-II card for enhanced OAM functions.
Feature Access Key
The feature access key allows the user to enable a controlled feature in the system by entering either a permanent feature access key or a temporary feature access key. The feature access key is supplied by Tekelec.
Front End
Used in Provisioning Front End Applications
Flexible Linkset Optional Based Routing
A feature that provides the capability to fully customize the desired routing translation. When flexible routing is used, the routing translation can cascade from one GTT translation table to any other GTT translation table.
File Transfer Area
A special area that exists on each OAM hard disk, used as a staging area to copy files to and from the EAGLE using the Kermit file-transfer protocol.
File Transfer Protocol
A client-server protocol that allows a user on one computer to transfer files to and from another computer over a TCP/IP network.
FTP-based Table Retrieve Application
An application that runs in a PC outside of the EAGLE and communicates with the EAGLE through the IPUI feature and the FTP Retrieve and Replace feature.
Generic Loading Services
An application that is used by the TSM cards for downloading gateway screening to LIM cards.
Generic Program Load
Software that allows the various features in the system to work. GPLs and applications are not the same software.
GSM Mobile Number Portability
A feature that provides mobile subscribers the ability to change the GSM subscription network within a portability cluster, while retaining their original MSISDN(s).
Global System for Mobile Communications
A second generation digital PCS mobile phone standard used in many parts of the world.
Global Title Translation
A feature of the signaling connection control part (SCCP) of the SS7 protocol that the EAGLE uses to determine which service database to send the query message when an MSU enters the EAGLE and more information is needed to route the MSU. These service databases also verify calling card numbers and credit card numbers. The service databases are identified in the SS7 network by a point code and a subsystem number.
Gateway Screening
Used at gateway STPs to limit access into the network to authorized users. A gateway STP performs inter-network routing and gateway screening functions. GWS controls access to nonhome SS7 networks. Only an MSU that matches predefined criteria in the EAGLE database is allowed to enter the EAGLE.
High-Speed IMT Packet Router
A card that provides increased system throughput and traffic capacity. HIPR moves EAGLE from an intra-shelf ring topology to an intra-shelf switch topology. HIPR acts as a gateway between the intra-shelf IMT BUS, running at 125Mbps, and the inter-shelf operating at 1.0625Gbps. The HIPR card will seat in the same slot as an HMUX card (slots xx09 & xx10 of each shelf).
High-Speed IMT Packet Router 2
A card that provides increased system throughput and traffic capacity on the existing Fibre-Channel ring. A high rate Fibre-Channel option of 2.5 Gbps is available when an EAGLE is provisioned with all HIPR2 cards. In a mixed topology where a HIPR2 is used in an EAGLE along with HMUX and HIPR, the Fibre-Channel ring runs at the lower rate of 1.0625 Gbps.
High-Speed Multiplexer
A card that supports the requirements for up to 1500 links, allowing communication on IMT buses between cards, shelves and frames. HMUX cards interface to 16 serial links, creating a ring from a series of point to point links. Each HMUX card provides a bypass multiplexer to maintain the ring’s integrity as cards are removed and inserted into an operational shelf.
High-Speed IMT Multiplexer
A replacement card for the IPMX.
Integrated Message Feeder
The IMF sits on the EAGLE and replicates the signaling data that is processed through the EAGLE to send to an off-board processor (the IXP in the case of IAS). Because it replicates the data (and doesn’t introduce a new element in the path) it does not introduce any delay to the signaling and it does not create a separate footprint for a “probe” system.
Inter-Module-Transport
The communication software that operates the inter-module-transport bus on all cards except the LIMATM, DCM, DSM, and HMUX.
Intelligent Network Application Part
A standardized interface for intelligent networks (IN). This interface allows Service Providers to offer their own services.
INAP-based Number Portability
INP can be deployed as a stand-alone or an integrated signal transfer point/number portability solution. With a stand-alone NP server, no network reconfiguration is required to implement number portability. The NP server delivers a much greater signaling capability than the conventional SCP-based approach.
The location of a device on a TCP/IP network. The IP Address is either a number in dotted decimal notation which looks something like
IP Gateway
Gateway module that allows voice and video messages to be transmitted between IP endpoints.
Internet Protocol Services
An application that is used by the IPSM card for the IP User Interface and FTP Retrieve and Replace features.
IP Services Module
A card that provides an IP connection for the IPUI (Telnet) and FTP-based Table Retrieve features. The IPSM is a GPSM-II card with a one Gigabyte (UD1G) expansion memory board in a single-slot assembly running the IPS application.
Interim Standard 41
Same as and interchangeable with ANSI-41. A standard for identifying and authenticating users, and routing calls on mobile phone networks. The standard also defines how users are identified and calls are routed when roaming across different networks.
In Service - Abnormal
The entity is in service but only able to perform a limited subset of its normal service functions.
ISDN User Part
The ISDN-specific part of the transmission with additional information via a signaling channel between exchanges.
International Telecommunications Union
An organization that operates worldwide to allow governments and the private telecommunications sector to coordinate the deployment and operating of telecommunications networks and services. The ITU is responsible for regulating, coordinating and developing international telecommunications, and for harmonizing national political interests.
Light Emitting Diode
An electrical device that glows a particular color when a specified voltage is applied to it.
Link Fault Sectionalization
A feature in the EAGLE that allows the maintenance personnel to perform a series of far end loopback tests, from the EAGLE and identify faulty segments of an SS7 transmission path up to and including the remote network element.
Link Interface Module
Provides access to remote SS7, IP, and other network elements such as a Signaling Control Point (SCP) through a variety of signaling interfaces (DS0, MPL, E1/T1 MIM, LIM-ATM, E1-ATM, IPLIMx, IPGWx). The LIMs consist of a main assembly and possibly, an interface appliqué board. These appliqués provide level one and some level two functionality on SS7 signaling links.
Signaling Link
Carries signaling within a Link Set using a specific Association. A Link can belong to only one Link Set and one Association. There is generally one Link per Association in a Link Set.
Local Number Portability
The ability of subscribers to switch local or wireless carriers and still retain the same phone number.
Load Notification Request
DRMA protocol messages sent between Policy Management systems.
Location Request Message
A TDMA/CDMA MSC query to an HLR for retrieving subscription/location information about a subscriber to terminate a voice call.
Location Routing Number
Link Set
A group of signaling links carrying traffic to the same signaling point.
Local Service Management System
An interface between the Number Portability Administration Center (NPAC) and the LNP service databases. The LSMS receives LNP data from the NPAC and downloads that data to the service databases. LNP data can be entered into the LSMS database. The data can then be downloaded to the LNP service databases and to the NPAC.
Link Set Name
The name of the link set.
SS7 MTP3-User Adaptation Layer
M3UA enables an MTP3 User Part to be connected to a remote MTP3 via a reliable IP transport.
Mobile Application Part
An application part in SS7 signaling for mobile communications systems.
Maintenance and Administration Subsystem Processor
The Maintenance and Administration Subsystem Processor (MASP) function is a logical pairing of the GPSM-II card and the TDM card. The GPSM-II card is connected to the TDM card by means of an Extended Bus Interface (EBI) local bus.
The MDAL card contains the removable cartridge drive and alarm logic. There is only one MDAL card in the Maintenance and Administration Subsystem (MAS) and it is shared between the two MASPs.
Mobile Country Code
A three-digit number that uniquely identifies a country served by wireless telephone networks. The MCC is part of the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) number, which uniquely identifies a particular subscriber. See also MNC, IMSI.
Measurement Collection Processor
This application is used by the MCPM card for the Measurements Platform feature.
Measurement Collection and Polling Module
Provides comma delimited core STP measurement data to a remote server for processing. The MCPM is either an EDSM with 2 GB of memory or an E5-MCPM-B card running the MCP application.
Mobile Network Code
A number that identifies a mobile phone carrier. Used in combination with a Mobile Country Code (MCC) to uniquely identify a mobile phone operator/carrier. See also MCC.
Multi-Purpose Server
The Multi-Purpose Server provides database/reload functionality and a variety of high capacity/high speed offboard database functions for applications. The MPS resides in the General Purpose Frame.
Messages Per Second
A measure of a message processor’s performance capacity. A message is any Diameter message (Request or Answer) which is received and processed by a message processor.
Message Reference Number
An unsolicited numbered message (alarm or information) that is displayed in response to an alarm condition detected by the system or in response to an event that has occurred in the system.
Mated Relay Node
A mated relay node (MRN) group is provisioned in the database to identify the nodes that the traffic is load shared with, and the type of routing, either dominant, load sharing, or combined dominant/load sharing.
Message Signal Unit
The SS7 message that is sent between signaling points in the SS7 network with the necessary information to get the message to its destination and allow the signaling points in the network to set up either a voice or data connection between themselves. The message contains the following information:
Message Transfer Part
The levels 1, 2, and 3 of the SS7 protocol that control all the functions necessary to route an SS7 MSU through the network
Nature of Address Indicator
Standard method of identifying users who request access to a network.
Network Access Identifier
The user identity submitted by the client during network authentication.
Network Element
An independent and identifiable piece of equipment closely associated with at least one processor, and within a single location.
In a 2-Tiered DSR OAM system, this includes the NOAM and all MPs underneath it. In a 3-Tiered DSR OAM system, this includes the NOAM, the SOAM, and all MPs associated with the SOAM.
The devices, servers, or functions within a wireless network with which Policy Management systems interact.
Number Plan Area
The North American “Area Codes.” (3 digits: 2- to-9, 0 or 1, 0-to-9. Middle digit to expand soon).
Onboard Administrator
The management processor for an HP c-Class enclosure.
Operations – Monitoring the environment, detecting and determining faults, and alerting administrators.
Administration – Typically involves collecting performance statistics, accounting data for the purpose of billing, capacity planning, using usage data, and maintaining system reliability.
Maintenance – Provides such functions as upgrades, fixes, new feature enablement, backup and restore tasks, and monitoring media health (for example, diagnostics).
Operations Support System Application Processor
A stand-alone processor that acts as an interface between the EAGLE and OSS (operation support system) devices using standard interfaces and converting the communications to the EAGLE proprietary serial interface.
Out of Service - Maintenance
The entity is out of service and is not available to perform its normal service function. The maintenance system is actively working to restore the entity to service.
Point Code
The identifier of a signaling point or service control point in a network. The format of the point code can be one of the following types:
Packet Data Network
A digital network technology that divides a message into packets for transmission.
Public Data Network
A data network that uses the X.25 protocol to provide the connectivity.
Public Switched Telephone Network.
A public communication system for voice communication between remote subscribers.
Permanent Virtual Circuit
A direct connection to an X.25 node that is configured in the EAGLE’s database and can only be changed through database administration.
Quality Assurance
Oracle’s name for the software testing department.
Request for Comment
RFCs are standards-track documents, which are official specifications of the Internet protocol suite defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and its steering group the IESG.
Route Set Test
Prohibited message.
Remote Signaling Point
Represents an SS7 network node (point code) that signaling must be sent to. An RSP has an SS7 domain (ANSI, ITUI, ITUN), a point code, and an optional Adjacent Server Group.
Remote Signaling Point
A logical element that represents a unique point code within a particular SS7 domain with which the SS7 application's Local Signaling Point interacts.
Route Set Test
Restricted message.
Route Set Test
Route Set Prohibited Test (Msg)
Signaling-route-set-test signal for prohibited destination.
Signaling Connection Control Part
The signaling connection control part with additional functions for the Message Transfer Part (MTP) in SS7 signaling. Messages can be transmitted between arbitrary nodes in the signaling network using a connection-oriented or connectionless approach.
SCCP Management
SCMG manages the status of subsystems and SCCP-capable signaling points (SPs). It maintains the status of remote SCCP SPs and that of local subsystems.
Service Control Point
SCPs are network intelligence centers where databases or call processing information is stored. The primary function of SCPs is to respond to queries from other SPs by retrieving the requested information from the appropriate database, and sending it back to the originator of the request.
Signaling Engineering and Administration System
An interface defined by Bellcore and used by the Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs), as well as other Bellcore Client Companies (BCCs), to remotely administer and monitor the signaling points in their network from a central location.
Signaling Gateway
A network element that receives/sends SCN native signaling at the edge of the IP network. The SG function may relay, translate or terminate SS7 signaling in an SS7-Internet Gateway. The SG function may also be coresident with the MG function to process SCN signaling associated with line or trunk terminations controlled by the MG (for example, signaling backhaul). A Signaling Gateway could be modeled as one or more Signaling Gateway Processes, which are located at the border of the SS7 and IP networks. Where an SG contains more than one SGP, the SG is a logical entity and the contained SGPs are assumed to be coordinated into a single management view to the SS7 network and to the supported Application Servers.
The name given to an IETF working group that produced specifications for a family of protocols that provide reliable datagram service and user layer adaptations for SS7 and ISDN communications protocols. The most significant protocol defined by the SIGTRAN group was the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP), which is used to carry PSTN signalling over IP.
The SIGTRAN group was significantly influenced by telecommunications engineers intent on using the new protocols for adapting VoIP networks to the PSTN with special regard to signaling applications. Recently, SCTP is finding applications beyond its original purpose wherever reliable datagram service is desired.
Service Information Octet
The network indicator code (NIC), priority (PRI), and service indicator (SI) in the SIO field in the message signaling unit (MSU). This information identifies the type of MSU (ISUP, TCAP, and so forth) that is allowed in the network where the EAGLE is located.
Session Initiation Protocol
A peer-to-peer protocol used for voice and video communications.
Signaling Transfer Point Local Area Network
A feature in the EAGLE that copies MSUs selected through the gateway screening process and sends these MSUs over the Ethernet to an external host computer for further processing.
Short Message Service
A communication service component of the GSM mobile communication system that uses standard communications protocols to exchange short text messages between mobile phone devices. See also GSM.
Shared Metric Service
Short Message Service Center
A network element in the mobile telephone network that stores, forwards, converts and delivers SMS messages.
The set of networking cards and the shared database of dynamic network status information that they collectively maintain.
The messages that maintain MTP status level 3 of SS7.
Simple Network Management Protocol.
An industry-wide standard protocol used for network management. The SNMP agent maintains data variables that represent aspects of the network. These variables are called managed objects and are stored in a management information base (MIB). The SNMP protocol arranges managed objects into groups.
Signaling System #7
A communications protocol that allows signaling points in a network to send messages to each other so that voice and data connections can be set up between these signaling points. These messages are sent over its own network and not over the revenue producing voice and data paths. The EAGLE is an STP, which is a device that routes these messages through the network.
SS7 ANSI
An application used by the LIM cards and the E1/T1 MIM card for the MTP functionality.
SS7 IP Gateway
An application used by the DCM/SSEDCM card for IP point-to-multipoint capability within an ANSI network.
Service Specific Coordination Function
The primary task of the SSCF (Service Specific Coordination Function) is to map the services provided by the lower layers of the SAAL to the needs of a specific higher layer user. For the ATM high-speed signaling link, the higher layer user is the MTP-3 protocol.
Secure Shell
A protocol for secure remote login and other network services over an insecure network. SSH encrypts and authenticates all EAGLE IPUI and MCP traffic, incoming and outgoing (including passwords) to effectively eliminate eavesdropping, connection hijacking, and other network-level attacks.
SS7 Subsystem Number
The subsystem number of a given point code. The subsystem number identifies the SCP application that should receive the message, or the subsystem number of the destination point code to be assigned to the LNP subsystem of the EAGLE.
Subsystem Number
A value of the routing indicator portion of the global title translation data commands indicating that no further global title translation is required for the specified entry.
Subsystem Number
Used to update the CdPA.
Secondary State
The secondary state of the specified entity.
Subsystem Status Test
Subsystem Status Test network management message.
Signaling Transport Card
The Signaling Transport Card (STC) is a member of the DCM card family with an “eroute” generic program load (GPL) installed. The STCs provide the IP interface between the LIM cards on the IMT bus and the Signaling Extended Services Platform (ESP) subassembly. The STC is used for sending MSU data to the ESP/IMF.
Signal Transfer Point
The STP is a special high-speed switch for signaling messages in SS7 networks. The STP routes core INAP communication between the Service Switching Point (SSP) and the Service Control Point (SCP) over the network.
Signaling Transfer Point Local Area Network
The application used by the SLAN card and E5-SLAN card to support the STP LAN feature. This application does not support 24-bit ITU-N point codes.
SCCP User Adaptation Layer
A protocol for the transport of any SCCP-User signaling over IP using the SCTP. The protocol is designed to be modular and symmetric, to allow it to work in diverse architectures.
Transmission Level 1
A T1 interface terminates or distributes T1 facility signals for the purpose of processing the SS7 signaling links carried by the E1 carrier.
A leased-line connection capable of carrying data at 1,544,000 bits-per-second.
Transaction Capabilities Application Part
A protocol in the SS7 protocol suite that enables the deployment of advanced intelligent network services by supporting non-circuit related information exchange between signaling points using the Signaling Connection Control Part connectionless service. TCAP also supports remote control - ability to invoke features in another remote network switch.
Transmission Control Protocol
A connection-oriented protocol used by applications on networked hosts to connect to one another and to exchange streams of data in a reliable and in-order manner.
Time Division Multiplexing
Data transmissions within individual connections follow a pre-defined multiplex scheme where a fixed time slot is available for each channel.
Telephone Number
A 10-digit ported telephone number.
Transactions Per Second
A method of measuring how quickly a network can transmit and receive data. Capacities listed with “TPS” units involve the maximum of the receive rate and the transmit rate, and the worst-case assumption is that the transmit and receive rates are the same. Under the TU model, transaction units per second are calculated with the total transaction unit value and the advertised card capacity.
Translation Services Module
Provides translation capability and Global Title Translation (GTT) implementation for the Local Number Portability (LNP) function and is used for downloading gateway screening tables to link interface modules (LIMs).
Translation Type
Resides in the Called Party Address (CdPA) field of the MSU and determines which service database is to receive query messages. The translation type indicates which Global Title Translation table determines the routing to a particular service database.
Unsolicited Alarm Message
A message sent to a user interface whenever there is a fault that is service-affecting or when a previous problem is corrected. Each message has a trouble code and text associated with the trouble condition.
Unitdata Transfer Service
An error response to a UDT message.
Unsolicited Information Message
A message sent to a user interface whenever there is a fault that is not service-affecting or when a previous problem is corrected. Each message has a trouble code and text associated with the trouble condition.
User Part Unavailable
An MTP3 management message.
ITU Interface Recommendation, V.35
The interface used with the LIMV35 card.
Virtual IP Address
Virtual IP is a layer-3 concept employed to provide HA at a host level. A VIP enables two or more IP hosts to operate in an active/standby HA manner. From the perspective of the IP network, these IP hosts appear as a single host.
VxWorks Signaling Connection Control Part
The application used by the Service Module card to support EPAP-related features and LNP features. If an EPAP-related or LNP feature is not turned on, and a Service Module card is present, the VSCCP application processes normal GTT traffic.
Wireless Number Portability
The WNP feature enhances the Local Number Portability feature to allow wireless service providers to query the LNP database for ported telephone numbers. The query is used to find the location routing number associated with the ported telephone number so the telephone call can be routed to its proper destination. The WNP feature can only be used for ANSI messages not for ITU.
Extended Unitdata Service message
An error response to an XUDT message.
Copyright © 1993, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Legal Notices |