Diameter signaling traffic is carried on a virtual LAN (VLAN) Signaling A (SIG-A) network, a SIG-B, or SIG-C network. Database replication and high-availability (HA) heartbeat traffic between the active and standby servers is sent on an Operation, Administration, and Management (OAM) VLAN network. Replication traffic between CMP servers always uses the OAM network.