Description of the illustration cncpt281.eps

On the left of this graphic is an upward-pointing arrow labeled SHUTDOWN. To the right is a series of four steps in a staircase. The bottom step is SHUTDOWN. The next step up is NOMOUNT, with the comment "Control file closed and instance started." The next step is CLOSE, with the comment "Database closed and control file opened." The next step is OPEN, with the comment "Database opened for this instance."